Download or read book Oughts and Thoughts written by Anandi Hattiangadi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anandi Hattiangadi provides an innovative response to the argument for meaning scepticism set out by Saul Kripke in Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language.
Download or read book Thoughts Oughts Naughts Poems from the Heart of a Very Special Dog written by Rivé Wood as told to Patricia Wood and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2011-08-03 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When you buy this book, a percentage will go to the Indianapolis Humane Society. "In an imaginative twist on the account of someone's feelings about his beloved dog, this talented Bichon Frise describes in verse her feelings about her beloved person." Elizabeth Sherrill, author, roving editor Guideposts When a granddaughter was 14 she asked Patricia, "Grandma, do you believe that Rivé writes those poems? Now tell me the truth, do you really believe she does?" After you read the book you can decide. Both Rivé and Patricia are published authors. A story about Rive, including a picture and one of her poems appeared in the August 10-23 issue of the Broad Ripple Gazette. Patricia has had poetry, meditations, and non-fiction stories published in alive now!, Pockets Magazine, The Upper Room, and Guideposts.
Download or read book Oughts and Thoughts written by Anandi Hattiangadi and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thoughts and Oughts written by Seyed Ali Kalantari and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Meaning of ought written by Matthew Chrisman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2016 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book motivates a novel inferentialist account of the meaning of a core set of normative sentences. Building on a careful truth-conditionalist semantics for 'ought' considered as a modal word, Chrisman argues that ought-sentences mean what they do neither because of how they describe reality nor because of the noncognitive attitudes they express, but because of their inferential role.
Download or read book Words Thoughts and Theories written by Alison Gopnik and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998-09-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Words, Thoughts, and Theories articulates and defends the "theory theory" of cognitive and semantic development, the idea that infants and young children, like scientists, learn about the world by forming and revising theories, a view of the origins of knowledge and meaning that has broad implications for cognitive science. Gopnik and Meltzoff interweave philosophical arguments and empirical data from their own and other's research. Both the philosophy and the psychology, the arguments and the data, address the same fundamental epistemological question: How do we come to understand the world around us? Recently, the theory theory has led to much interesting research. However, this is the first book to look at the theory in extensive detail and to systematically contrast it with other theories. It is also the first to apply the theory to infancy and early childhood, to use the theory to provide a framework for understanding semantic development, and to demonstrate that language acquisition influences theory change in children.The authors show that children just beginning to talk are engaged in profound restructurings of several domains of knowledge. These restructurings are similar to theory changes in science, and they influence children's early semantic development, since children's cognitive concerns shape and motivate their use of very early words. But, in addition, children pay attention to the language they hear around them and this too reshapes their cognition, and causes them to reorganize their theories.
Download or read book Thinking How to Live written by Allan GIBBARD and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers have long suspected that thought and discourse about what we ought to do differ in some fundamental way from statements about what is. But the difference has proved elusive, in part because the two kinds of statement look alike. Focusing on judgments that express decisions--judgments about what is to be done, all things considered--Allan Gibbard offers a compelling argument for reconsidering, and reconfiguring, the distinctions between normative and descriptive discourse--between questions of "ought" and "is." Gibbard considers how our actions, and our realities, emerge from the thousands of questions and decisions we form for ourselves. The result is a book that investigates the very nature of the questions we ask ourselves when we ask how we should live, and that clarifies the concept of "ought" by understanding the patterns of normative concepts involved in beliefs and decisions. An original and elegant work of metaethics, this book brings a new clarity and rigor to the discussion of these tangled issues, and will significantly alter the long-standing debate over "objectivity" and "factuality" in ethics. Table of Contents: I. Preliminaries 1. Introduction: A Possibility Proof 2. Intuitionism as Template: Emending Moore II. The Thing to Do 3. Planning and Ruling Out: The "Frege-Geach" Problem 4. Judgment, Disagreement, Negation 5. Supervenience and Constitution 6. Character and Import III. Normative Concepts 7. Ordinary Oughts: Meaning and Motivation 8. Normative Kinds: Patterns of Engagement 9. What to Say about the Thing to Do: The Expressivistic Turn and What it Gains Us IV. Knowing What to Do 10. Explaining with Plans 11. Knowing What to Do 12. Ideal Response Concepts 13. Deep Vindication and Practical Confidence 14. Impasse and Dissent References Index This is a remarkable book. It takes up a central and much-discussed problem - the difference between normative thought (and discourse) and "descriptive" thought (and discourse). It develops a compelling response to that problem with ramifications for much else in philosophy. But perhaps most importantly, it brings new clarity and rigor to the discussion of these tangled issues. It will take some time to come to terms with the details of Gibbard's discussion. It is absolutely clear, however, that the book will reconfigure the debate over objectivity and "factuality" in ethics. --Gideon Rosen, Professor of Philosophy, Princeton University Gibbard,/author> writes elegantly, and the theory he develops is innovative, philosophically sophisticated, and challenging. Gibbard defends his theory vigorously and with admirable intellectual honesty. --David Copp, Professor of Philosophy, Bowling Green State University
Download or read book Thought on the Question whether Normal Seminaries ought to be Distinct Establishments or ingrafted on Colleges Being an inaugural address etc written by Robert Cunningham and published by . This book was released on 1838 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Austen s Oughts written by Karen Valihora and published by University of Delaware Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The word is all over Jane Austen's novels: what ought to be done, what one ought to say, how one ought to feel (versus how one does feel). When Austen's characters employ an ought, the delicate oscillation between first-and third-person perspectives that marks her prose leads the reader to distinguish between what they say, and what they ought, according to a morally idealized, third-person calculus to mean. But what is the context of this ought? This book situates the disinterested, reflective appeal to moral principle invoked ironically or otherwise in Austen's oughts within the history of thought about judgment in the British eighteenth century. Beginning with Shaftesbury's critique of Locke's account of judgment, successive readings explore the emphasis on disinterest in works by David Hume, Adam Smith, Samuel Richardson, and Sir Joshua Reynolds alongside discussions of Jane Austen's major novels.
Download or read book The Brain the Mind and the Self written by Arnold Goldberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychoanalysis enjoyed an enormous popularity at one time, but has recently fallen out of favor as new psychiatric medications have dominated the treatment of mental illness and a new interest in the brain and neuroscience begins to dominate the theory as to the cause and cure of mental illness. How do we distinguish between the brain, the mind and the self? In his new book, Arnold Goldberg approaches this question from a psychoanalytic perspective, and examines how recent research findings can shed light on it. He repositions psychoanalysis as an interpretive science that is a different activity to most other sciences that are considered empirical. Giving clear coverage of the various psychoanalytic models of the mind and the self, Goldberg examines how these theories fare against neuroscientific evidence, and what implications these have for psychoanalytic clinical practice. The Brain, the Mind and the Self: A psychoanalytic road map sets up evidence-based, robust psychoanalytic theory and practice that will give psychoanalysts, social workers and practicing psychologists a valuable insight into the future of psychoanalysis. Arnold Goldberg, M.D. was born and raised in Chicago and trained at the University of Illinois, Michael Reese Hospital and the Institute for Psychoanalysis in Chicago. He is recently retired from the Cynthia Oudejans Harris MD chair, and Professor of Psychiatry at Rush Medical Center.
Download or read book From Is to Ought The Place of Normative Models in the Study of Human Thought written by Shira Elqayam and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of human thinking, two main research questions can be asked: “Descriptive Q: What is human thinking like? Normative Q: What ought human thinking be like?” For decades, these two questions have dominated the field, and the relationship between them generated many a controversy. Empirical normativist approaches regard the answers to these questions as positively correlated – in essence, human thinking is what it ought to be (although what counts as the ‘ought’ standard is moot). In contemporary theories of reasoning and decision making, this is often associated with a Panglossian framework, an adaptationist approach which regards human thinking as a priori rational. In contrast, prescriptive normativism sees the answers to these two questions as negatively correlated. Normative models are still relevant to human thought, but human behaviour deviates from them quite markedly (with the invited conclusion that humans are often irrational). Prescriptive normativism often results in a Meliorist agenda, which sees rationality as amenable to education. Both empirical and prescriptive normativism can be contrasted with a descriptivist framework for psychology of human thinking. Following Hume’s strict divide between the ‘is’ and the ‘ought’, descriptivism regards the descriptive and normative research questions as uncorrelated, or dissociated, with only the former question suitable for psychological study of human behaviour. This basic division carries over to the relation between normative (‘ought’) rationality, based on conforming to normative standards; and instrumental (‘is’) rationality, based on achieving one’s goals. Descriptivist approaches regard the two as dissociated, whereas normativist approaches tend to see them as closely linked, with normative arguments defining and justifying instrumental rationality. This research topic brings together diverse contributions to the continuing debate. Featuring contributions from leading researchers in the field, the e-book covers a wide range of subjects, arranged by six sections: The standard picture: Normativist perspectives In defence of soft normativism Exploring normative models Descriptivist perspectives Evolutionary and ecological accounts Empirical reports With a total of some 24 articles from 55 authors, this comprehensive treatment includes theoretical analyses, meta-theoretical critiques, commentaries, and a range of empirical reports. The contents of the Research Topic should appeal to psychologists, linguists, philosophers and cognitive scientists, with research interests in a wide range of domains, from language, through reasoning, judgment and decision making, and moral judgment, to epistemology and theory of mind, philosophical logic, and meta-ethics.
Download or read book What a Young Woman Ought to Know written by Mary Wood-Allen and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1898, this work contains some valuable advice for young women. The author brilliantly explains the truths of life to a girl entering puberty. Moreover, there are tips for behavior, education, and friendships. Some suggestions in the book might seem outdated, but most of them are timeless and helpful.
Download or read book Little Thoughts Big Oughts written by D. V. Barrett and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2001-04 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leaders Ought to Know written by Phillip Van Hooser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers ground rules leaders on all levels should know if their going to lead with purpose, confidence, and effectiveness.
Download or read book The Great Endarkenment written by Elijah Millgram and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers have not appreciated how pervasive and deep division of labor is, and consequently they have not noticed the many intellectual devices deployed in managing it. The Great Endarkenment makes the case that those devices are central pieces of puzzles that have traditionally been on philosophers' agendas.
Download or read book Knowing the Natural Law written by Steven J. Jensen and published by CUA Press. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowing the Natural Law traces the thought of Aquinas from an understanding of human nature to a knowledge of the human good, from there to an account of ought-statements, and finally to choice, which issues in human actions. The much discussed article on the precepts of the natural law (I-II, 94, 2) provides the framework for a natural law rooted in human nature and in speculative knowledge. Practical knowledge is itself threefold: potentially practical knowledge, virtually practical knowledge, and fully practical knowledge.
Download or read book Young Woman Ought to Know written by Mary Wood-Allen and published by 谷月社. This book was released on 2015-11-14 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHAPTER I. WHAT ARE YOU WORTH? CHAPTER II. CARE OF BODY. FOOTNOTES: CHAPTER III. FOOD. CHAPTER IV. SLEEP. CHAPTER V. BREATHING. CHAPTER VI. HINDRANCES TO BREATHING. CHAPTER VII. ADDED INJURIES FROM TIGHT CLOTHING. CHAPTER VIII. EXERCISE. CHAPTER IX. BATHING. PART II. CHAPTER X. CREATIVE POWER. CHAPTER XI. BUILDING BRAINS. CHAPTER XII. YOU ARE MORE THAN BODY OR MIND. CHAPTER XIII. SPECIAL PHYSIOLOGY. CHAPTER XIV. BECOMING A WOMAN. CHAPTER XV. ARTIFICIALITIES OF CIVILIZED LIFE. CHAPTER XVI. SOME CAUSES OF PAINFUL MENSTRUATION. CHAPTER XVII. "FEMALE DISEASES." CHAPTER XVIII. CARE DURING MENSTRUATION. CHAPTER XIX. SOLITARY VICE. CHAPTER XX. BE GOOD TO YOURSELF. CHAPTER XXI. FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN BOYS AND GIRLS. CHAPTER XXII. FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN GIRLS. CHAPTER XXIII. EXERCISES. CHAPTER XXIV. RECREATIONS. PART III. LOVE; HEREDITY; ENGAGEMENTS. CHAPTER XXV. LOVE. CHAPTER XXVI. RESPONSIBILITY IN MARRIAGE. CHAPTER XXVII. THE LAW OF HEREDITY. CHAPTER XXVIII. HEREDITARY EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, ETC. CHAPTER XXIX. EFFECTS OF IMMORALITY ON THE RACE. FOOTNOTES: CHAPTER XXX. THE GOSPEL OF HEREDITY. BIBLE TEXTS BEARING ON THE SUBJECT OF HEREDITY. CHAPTER XXXI. REQUISITES OF A HUSBAND. CHAPTER XXXII. ENGAGEMENTS. CHAPTER XXXIII. THE WEDDING.
