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Book Thermodynamic Weirdness

Download or read book Thermodynamic Weirdness written by Don S. Lemons and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of the concepts and intellectual structure of classical thermodynamics that reveals the subject's simplicity and coherence. Students of physics, chemistry, and engineering are taught classical thermodynamics through its methods—a “problems first” approach that neglects the subject's concepts and intellectual structure. In Thermodynamic Weirdness, Don Lemons fills this gap, offering a nonmathematical account of the ideas of classical thermodynamics in all its non-Newtonian “weirdness.” By emphasizing the ideas and their relationship to one another, Lemons reveals the simplicity and coherence of classical thermodynamics. Lemons presents concepts in an order that is both chronological and logical, mapping the rise and fall of ideas in such a way that the ideas that were abandoned illuminate the ideas that took their place. Selections from primary sources, including writings by Daniel Fahrenheit, Antoine Lavoisier, James Joule, and others, appear at the end of most chapters. Lemons covers the invention of temperature; heat as a form of motion or as a material fluid; Carnot's analysis of heat engines; William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and his two definitions of absolute temperature; and energy as the mechanical equivalent of heat. He explains early versions of the first and second laws of thermodynamics; entropy and the law of entropy non-decrease; the differing views of Lord Kelvin and Rudolf Clausius on the fate of the universe; the zeroth and third laws of thermodynamics; and Einstein's assessment of classical thermodynamics as “the only physical theory of universal content which I am convinced will never be overthrown.”

Book Thermodynamic Weirdness

Download or read book Thermodynamic Weirdness written by Don Stephen Lemons and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of the concepts and intellectual structure of classical thermodynamics that reveals the subject's simplicity and coherence. Students of physics, chemistry, and engineering are taught classical thermodynamics through its methods--a "problems first" approach that neglects the subject's concepts and intellectual structure. In Thermodynamic Weirdness , Don Lemons fills this gap, offering a nonmathematical account of the ideas of classical thermodynamics in all its non-Newtonian "weirdness." By emphasizing the ideas and their relationship to one another, Lemons reveals the simplicity and coherence of classical thermodynamics. Lemons presents concepts in an order that is both chronological and logical, mapping the rise and fall of ideas in such a way that the ideas that were abandoned illuminate the ideas that took their place. Selections from primary sources, including writings by Daniel Fahrenheit, Antoine Lavoisier, James Joule, and others, appear at the end of most chapters. Lemons covers the invention of temperature; heat as a form of motion or as a material fluid; Carnot's analysis of heat engines; William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and his two definitions of absolute temperature; and energy as the mechanical equivalent of heat. He explains early versions of the first and second laws of thermodynamics; entropy and the law of entropy non-decrease; the differing views of Lord Kelvin and Rudolf Clausius on the fate of the universe; the zeroth and third laws of thermodynamics; and Einstein's assessment of classical thermodynamics as the "only physical theory of universal content which I am convinced will never be overthrown.".

Book Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Download or read book Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics written by Robert Fleck and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-27 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a brief and accessible popular science text intended for a broad audience and of particular interest also to science students and specialists. Using a minimum of mathematics, a number of qualitative and quantitative examples, and clear illustrations, the author explains the science of thermodynamics in its full historical context, focusing on the concepts of energy and its availability and transformation in thermodynamic processes. His ultimate aim is to gain a deep understanding of the second law—the increase of entropy—and its rather disheartening message of a universe descending inexorably into chaos and disorder. It also examines the connection between the second law and why things go wrong in our daily lives. Readers will enhance their science literacy and feel more at home on the science side of author C. P. Snow's celebrated two-culture, science-humanities divide, and hopefully will feel more at home in the universe knowing that the disorder we deal with in our daily lives is not anyone's fault but Nature's.

Book Information Theory

    Book Details:
  • Author : Bertrand Duplantier
  • Publisher : Springer Nature
  • Release : 2021-07-19
  • ISBN : 3030814807
  • Pages : 209 pages

Download or read book Information Theory written by Bertrand Duplantier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eighteenth volume in the Poincaré Seminar Series provides a thorough description of Information Theory and some of its most active areas, in particular, its relation to thermodynamics at the nanoscale and the Maxwell Demon, and the emergence of quantum computation and of its counterpart, quantum verification. It also includes two introductory tutorials, one on the fundamental relation between thermodynamics and information theory, and a primer on Shannon's entropy and information theory. The book offers a unique and manifold perspective on recent mathematical and physical developments in this field.

Book The Failures of Mathematical Anti Evolutionism

Download or read book The Failures of Mathematical Anti Evolutionism written by Jason Rosenhouse and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book refutes anti-scientific, superficially mathematical arguments used to support anti-evolutionism in language accessible for both lay and professional audiences.

Book The Equations of Materials

    Book Details:
  • Author : Brian Cantor
  • Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
  • Release : 2020-02-05
  • ISBN : 0198851871
  • Pages : 328 pages

Download or read book The Equations of Materials written by Brian Cantor and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This primer describes important equations of materials and the scientists who derived them. It provides an excellent introduction to the subject by making the material accessible and enjoyable. The book is dedicated to a number of propositions: 1. The most important equations are often simple and easily explained; 2. The most important equations are often experimental, confirmed time and again; 3. The most important equations have been derived by remarkable scientists who lived interesting lives. Each chapter covers a single equation and materials subject, and is structured in three sections: first, a description of the equation itself; second, a short biography of the scientist after whom it is named; and third, a discussion of some of the ramifications and applications of the equation. The biographical sections intertwine the personal and professional life of the scientist with contemporary political and scientific developments. Topics included are: Bravais lattices and crystals; Bragg's law and diffraction; the Gibbs phase rule and phases; Boltzmann's equation and thermodynamics; the Arrhenius equation and reactions; the Gibbs-Thomson equation and surfaces; Fick's laws and diffusion; the Scheil equation and solidification; the Avrami equation and phase transformations; Hooke's law and elasticity; the Burgers vector and plasticity; Griffith's equation and fracture; and the Fermi level and electrical properties. The book is written for students interested in the manufacture, structure, properties and engineering application of materials such as metals, polymers, ceramics, semiconductors and composites. It requires only a working knowledge of school maths, mainly algebra and simple calculus.

Book The Janus Point

    Book Details:
  • Author : Julian Barbour
  • Publisher : Basic Books
  • Release : 2020-12-01
  • ISBN : 0465095496
  • Pages : 372 pages

Download or read book The Janus Point written by Julian Barbour and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a universe filled by chaos and disorder, one physicist makes the radical argument that the growth of order drives the passage of time -- and shapes the destiny of the universe. Time is among the universe's greatest mysteries. Why, when most laws of physics allow for it to flow forward and backward, does it only go forward? Physicists have long appealed to the second law of thermodynamics, held to predict the increase of disorder in the universe, to explain this. In The Janus Point, physicist Julian Barbour argues that the second law has been misapplied and that the growth of order determines how we experience time. In his view, the big bang becomes the "Janus point," a moment of minimal order from which time could flow, and order increase, in two directions. The Janus Point has remarkable implications: while most physicists predict that the universe will become mired in disorder, Barbour sees the possibility that order -- the stuff of life -- can grow without bound. A major new work of physics, The Janus Point will transform our understanding of the nature of existence.

Book Understanding Thermodynamics

Download or read book Understanding Thermodynamics written by H.C. Van Ness and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-06-08 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clear treatment of systems and first and second laws of thermodynamics features informal language, vivid and lively examples, and fresh perspectives. Excellent supplement for undergraduate science or engineering class.

Book Anxiety and the Equation

Download or read book Anxiety and the Equation written by Eric Johnson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A man and his equation: the anxiety-plagued nineteenth-century physicist who contributed significantly to our understanding of the second law of thermodynamics. Ludwig Boltzmann's grave in Vienna's Central Cemetery bears a cryptic epitaph: S = k log W. This equation was Boltzmann's great discovery, and it contributed significantly to our understanding of the second law of thermodynamics. In Anxiety and the Equation, Eric Johnson tells the story of a man and his equation: the anxiety-plagued nineteenth-century physicist who did his most important work as he struggled with mental illness. Johnson explains that “S” in Boltzmann's equation refers to entropy, and that entropy is the central quantity in the second law of thermodynamics. The second law is always on, running in the background of our lives, providing a way to differentiate between past and future. We know that the future will be a state of higher entropy than the past, and we have Boltzmann to thank for discovering the equation that underlies that fundamental trend. Johnson, accessibly and engagingly, reassembles Boltzmann's equation from its various components and presents episodes from Boltzmann's life—beginning at the end, with “Boltzmann Kills Himself” and “Boltzmann Is Buried (Not Once, But Twice).” Johnson explains the second law in simple terms, introduces key concepts through thought experiments, and explores Boltzmann's work. He argues that Boltzmann, diagnosed by his contemporaries as neurasthenic, suffered from an anxiety disorder. He was, says Johnson, a man of reason who suffered from irrational concerns about his work, worrying especially about opposition from the scientific establishment of the day. Johnson's clear and concise explanations will acquaint the nonspecialist reader with such seemingly esoteric concepts as microstates, macrostates, fluctuations, the distribution of energy, log functions, and equilibrium. He describes Boltzmann's relationships with other scientists, including Max Planck and Henri Poincaré, and, finally, imagines “an alternative ending,” in which Boltzmann lived on and died of natural causes.

Book Essentials of Thermodynamics

    Book Details:
  • Author : N.D. Hari Dass
  • Publisher : SRI Books, an imprint of the Simplicity Research Institute
  • Release : 2021-02-21
  • ISBN :
  • Pages : 377 pages

Download or read book Essentials of Thermodynamics written by N.D. Hari Dass and published by SRI Books, an imprint of the Simplicity Research Institute. This book was released on 2021-02-21 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essentials of Thermodynamics offers a fresh perspective on classical thermodynamics and its explanation of natural phenomena. It combines fundamental principles with applications to offer an integrated resource for students, teachers and experts alike. The essence of classic texts has been distilled to give a balanced and in-depth treatment, including a detailed history of ideas which explains how thermodynamics evolved without knowledge of the underlying atomic structure of matter. The principles are illustrated by a vast range of applications, such as osmotic pressure, how solids melt and liquids boil, the incredible race to reach absolute zero, and the modern theme of the renormalization group. Topics are handled using a variety of techniques, which helps readers see how concepts such as entropy and free energy can be applied to many situations, and in diverse ways. The book has a large number of solved examples and problems in each chapter, as well as a carefully selected guide to further reading. The treatment of traditional topics like the three laws of thermodynamics, Carnot cycles, Clapeyron equation, phase equilibria, and dilute solutions is considerably more detailed than usual. For example, the chapter on Carnot cycles discusses exotic cases like the photon cycle along with more practical ones like the Otto, Diesel and Rankine cycles. There is a chapter on critical phenomena that is modern and yet highly pedagogical and contains a first principles calculation of the critical exponents of Van der Waals systems. Topics like entropy constants, surface thermodynamics, and superconducting phase transitions are explained in depth while maintaining accessibility for different readers.

Book The Tragicomical History of Thermodynamics  1822   1854

Download or read book The Tragicomical History of Thermodynamics 1822 1854 written by C. Truesdell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Nonequilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics

Download or read book Nonequilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics written by Bernard H. Lavenda and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2019-04-17 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops in detail the statistical foundations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, based on the mathematical theory of Brownian motion. Author Bernard H. Lavenda demonstrates that thermodynamic criteria emerge in the limit of small thermal fluctuations and in the Gaussian limit where means and modes of the distribution coincide. His treatment assumes the theory of Brownian motion to be a general and practical model of irreversible processes that are inevitably influenced by random thermal fluctuations. This unifying approach permits the extraction of widely applicable principles from the analysis of specific models. Arranged by argument rather than theory, the text is based on the premises that random thermal fluctuations play a decisive role in governing the evolution of nonequilibrium thermodynamic processes and that they can be viewed as a dynamic superposition of many random events. Intended for nonmathematicians working in the areas of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, this book will also be of interest to chemical physicists, condensed matter physicists, and readers in the area of nonlinear optics.

Book An Account of the Thermodynamic Entropy

Download or read book An Account of the Thermodynamic Entropy written by Alberto Gianinetti and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-02-08 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second law of thermodynamics is an example of the fundamental laws that govern our universe and is relevant to every branch of science exploring the physical world. This reference summarizes knowledge and concepts about the second law of thermodynamics and entropy. A verbatim explanation of chemical thermodynamics is presented by the author, making this text easy to understand for chemistry students, researchers, non-experts, and educators.

Book The General Theory of Thermodynamics

Download or read book The General Theory of Thermodynamics written by Joseph Ellis Trevor and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Thermodynamics For Dummies

Download or read book Thermodynamics For Dummies written by Mike Pauken and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take some heat off the complexity of thermodynamics Does the mere thought of thermodynamics make you sweat? Itdoesn't have to! This hands-on guide helps you score your highestin a thermodynamics course by offering easily understood,plain-English explanations of how energy is used in things likeautomobiles, airplanes, air conditioners, and electric powerplants. Thermodynamics 101 — take a look at some examples of bothnatural and man-made thermodynamic systems and get a handle on howenergy can be used to perform work Turn up the heat — discover how to use the first andsecond laws of thermodynamics to determine (and improve upon) theefficiency of machines Oh, behave — get the 411 on how gases behave and relate toone another in different situations, from ideal-gas laws to realgases Burn with desire — find out everything you need to knowabout conserving mass and energy in combustion processes Open the book and find: The laws of thermodynamics Important properties and their relationships The lowdown on solids, liquids, and gases How work and heat go handin hand The cycles that power thermodynamic processes Chemical mixtures and reactions Ten pioneers in thermodynamics Real-world applications of thermodynamic laws and concepts Learn to: Master the concepts and principles of thermodynamics Develop the problem-solving skills used by professionalengineers Ace your thermodynamics course

Book An Introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics

Download or read book An Introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics written by Robert P H Gasser and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 1995-09-26 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical thermodynamics plays a vital linking role between quantum theory and chemical thermodynamics, yet students often find the subject unpalatable. In this updated version of a popular text, the authors overcome this by emphasising the concepts involved, in particular demystifying the partition function. They do not get bogged down in the mathematical niceties that are essential for a profound study of the subject but which can confuse the beginner. Strong emphasis is placed on the physical basis of statistical thermodynamics and the relations with experiment. After a clear exposition of the distribution laws, partition functions, heat capacities, chemical equilibria and kinetics, the subject is further illuminated by a discussion of low-temperature phenomena and spectroscopy. The coverage is brought right up to date with a chapter on computer simulation and a final section which ranges beyond the narrow limits usually associated with student texts to emphasise the common dependence of macroscopic behaviour on the properties of constituent atoms and molecules. Since first published in 1974 as ‘Entropy and Energy Levels’, the book has been very popular with students. This revised and updated version will no doubt serve the same needs.

Book Drawing Physics

    Book Details:
  • Author : Don S. Lemons
  • Publisher : MIT Press
  • Release : 2017-02-03
  • ISBN : 0262338750
  • Pages : 264 pages

Download or read book Drawing Physics written by Don S. Lemons and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawings and short essays offer engaging and accessible explanations of key ideas in physics, from triangulation to relativity and beyond. Humans have been trying to understand the physical universe since antiquity. Aristotle had one vision (the realm of the celestial spheres is perfect), and Einstein another (all motion is relativistic). More often than not, these different understandings begin with a simple drawing, a pre-mathematical picture of reality. Such drawings are a humble but effective tool of the physicist's craft, part of the tradition of thinking, teaching, and learning passed down through the centuries. This book uses drawings to help explain fifty-one key ideas of physics accessibly and engagingly. Don Lemons, a professor of physics and author of several physics books, pairs short, elegantly written essays with simple drawings that together convey important concepts from the history of physical science. Lemons proceeds chronologically, beginning with Thales' discovery of triangulation, the Pythagorean monocord, and Archimedes' explanation of balance. He continues through Leonardo's description of “earthshine” (the ghostly glow between the horns of a crescent moon), Kepler's laws of planetary motion, and Newton's cradle (suspended steel balls demonstrating by their collisions that for every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction). Reaching the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, Lemons explains the photoelectric effect, the hydrogen atom, general relativity, the global greenhouse effect, Higgs boson, and more. The essays place the science of the drawings in historical context—describing, for example, Galileo's conflict with the Roman Catholic Church over his teaching that the sun is the center of the universe, the link between the discovery of electrical phenomena and the romanticism of William Wordsworth, and the shadow cast by the Great War over Einstein's discovery of relativity. Readers of Drawing Physics with little background in mathematics or physics will say, “Now I see, and now I understand.”