Download or read book Thermodynamic Analysis of Microbial Metabolism in Hydrothermal Systems written by Douglas Edward LaRowe and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermodynamic Investigations of Microbial Metabolism and Abiotic Organic Synthesis in Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems written by Michael Hentscher and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Thermodynamic Analysis of Microbial Surface Chemistry and Metabolic Strategies written by Addien C. Wray and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough understanding of microbial life on Earth and effective methods of searching for life beyond Earth require the description of possible interactions between those organisms and their geochemical environments. Such assessments need to include both a quantitative description of the chemical reactions involved and the capability to predict the favorability of their occurrence. These can both be addressed by measuring the thermodynamic properties of microbial activities. We can think of those activities in two regimes, passive and active, where the former involves surficial reactivity and the latter concerns growth-related processes. Research to date has quantified some thermodynamic properties, such as stability constants of passive processes and standard-state Gibbs energies of active processes, for a diverse suite of microbial taxa. Little work, however, has sought to thoroughly assess passive and active microbial bioenergetics by quantifying all three thermodynamic terms: ∆H, ∆G, and ∆S. This dissertation applies this more detailed approach to (1) the surface reactivity of a common groundwater bacterium, (2) U(VI) adsorption onto that microbe, (3) aerobic and anaerobic bacterial growth, and (4) methanogenic archaeal growth. In doing so, I demonstrate that the bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32 has three energetically distinguishable functional groups (carboxyl, polyphosphate, and amine), where the amine group undergoes a measurable conformational change with alterations to ionic strength. Moreover, I identify the reactions between those functional groups and U(VI) under a variety of geochemical conditions, along with the stability constants of those reactions. I also demonstrate that aerobic and anaerobic growth by CN32 yield measurably different thermodynamic trends as a function of temperature, where growth efficiency is affected primarily by the production of extra-cellular exudates and physiological stress. Lastly, I present the first bioenergetic description of hyperthermophilic methanogenesis, by Methanocaldococcus sp. FS406-22, and demonstrate the effects temperature has on that growth efficiency, where growth proceeds best in the middle of the possible range of temperatures. In sum, the data presented in this dissertation help to expand our understanding of a range of microbial-geochemical interactions under varied conditions and will help us to better assess the impacts microbial life may have on systems on Earth as well as inform our search for it elsewhere.
Download or read book Energetics of Microbial Growth written by Edwin H. Battley and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-02-13 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applies thermodynamics to the analysis of microbial growth and shows how it can be used for a precise analysis of the energetics of the growth process. Describes the development of theories on the energy changes that accompany microbial growth. Beginning with a review of the thermodynamic principles, the text approaches the description of microbial growth and energy changes historically and charts the progress from the fields' earliest beginnings to the present. Provides a useful perspective to theories about the evolution of life.
Download or read book Thermophilic Bacteria written by Jakob K. Kristjansson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-01-31 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermophilic Bacteria is a comprehensive volume that describes all major bacterial groups that can grow above 60-65°C (excluding the Archaea). Over 60 different species of aerobic and anaerobic thermophilic bacteria are covered. Isolation, growth methods, characterization and identification, ecology, metabolism, and enzymology of thermophilic bacteria are examined in detail, and an extensive compilation of recent biotechnological applications and the properties of many thermostable enzymes are also included. Major topics discussed in the book include a general review on thermophilic bacteria and archaea; heterotropic bacilli; the genus Thermus; new and rare genera of aerobic heterophophs, such as Saccharococcus, Rhodothermus, and Scotohermus; aerobic chemolithoautotrophic thermophilic bacteria; obligately anaerobic thermophilic bacteria; and hyperthermophilic Thermotogales and thermophilic phototrophs. Extensive bibliographies are also provided for each chapter. The vast amount of information packed into this one volume makes it essential for all microbiologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and students interested in the expanding field of thermophilicity. Biotechnologists will find the book useful as a source of information on thermophiles or thermostable enzymes of possible industrial use.
Download or read book Calcualtion of the Relative Stabilities of Proteins as a Function of Temperature Pressure and Chemical Potentials in Subcellular and Geochemical Environments written by Jeffrey Michael Dick and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Seafloor Hydrothermal Vent Systems written by Jennifer Louise Houghton and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Vivo Thermodynamic Analysis of Metabolic Networks written by Tyler B. Jacobson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zymomonas mobilis, Clostridium thermocellum, and Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum are industrially-relevant bacteria currently being developed for the conversion of lignocellulosic sugars to biofuels. We integrated quantitative metabolomics with 2H and 13C metabolic flux analysis to investigate the in vivo reversibility and thermodynamics of the central metabolic networks of these three microbes. Our analysis revealed a strongly thermodynamically favorable Entner-Doudoroff (ED) glycolytic pathway in Z. mobilis that is nearly twice as favorable as the well-known Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway used by E. coli or S. cerevisiae. The in vivo thermodynamic profile for the ED pathway in Z. mobilis was highly similar to the in silico predictions, indicated that maximizing [Delta]G for each pathway step likely constitutes a cellular objective in Z. mobilis. In contrast, we found that the glycolytic pathway in C. thermocellum operates remarkably close to thermodynamic equilibrium, with an overall drop in Gibbs free energy ([Delta]G) 5-fold lower than that of T. saccharolyticum or anaerobically-grown E. coli. We found that the ethanol fermentation pathway was also substantially more reversible in C. thermocellum compared to T. saccharolyticum. These observations may represent a thermodynamic limitation to ethanol production in C. thermocellum and suggest engineering interventions that may be used to increase its fermentative productivity. In addition to thermodynamic analysis, we used our isotope tracer data to reconstruct the Z. mobilis and T. saccharolyticum central metabolic networks, revealing exclusive use of the ED and EMP pathways, respectively, for glycolysis, bifurcated TCA cycles, primary anaplerotic routes, and unique pentose phosphate pathway structures in both organisms.
Download or read book Microbial Life of the Deep Biosphere written by Jens Kallmeyer and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, exploration of the deep subsurface biosphere has developed into a major research area. New findings constantly challenge our concepts of global biogeochemical cycles and the ultimate limits to life. In order to explain our observations from deep subsurface ecosystems it is necessary to develop truly interdisciplinary approaches, ranging from microbiology and geochemistry to physics and modeling. This book aims to bring together a wide variety of topics, covering the broad range of issues that are associated with deep biosphere exploration. Not only does the book present case studies of selected projects, but also treats questions arising from our current knowledge. Despite nearly two decades of research, there are still many boundaries to exploration caused by technical limitations and one section of the book is devoted to these technical challenges and the latest developments in this field. This volume will be of high interest to biologists, chemists and earth scientists all working on the deep biosphere.
Download or read book Microbial Metabolism and the Carbon Cycle written by Kunz Hagedorn-Hanson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1988-05-03 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deep Carbon written by Beth N. Orcutt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to carbon inside Earth - its quantities, movements, forms, origins, changes over time and impact on planetary processes. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Evolution of Hydrothermal Ecosystems on Earth and Mars written by Gregory R. Bock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the possibility that life exists on Mars. It provides an interdisciplinary overview of the early evolution of life in hydrothermal ecosystems on Earth, focusing on the problem of remote sensing and incorporating geological work relevant to the search for evidence of early life on Earth and Mars. It discusses the belief that studying thermal spring deposits as part of this search may be the best opportunity to test whether life on earth is a "unique experiment," or whether there is life elsewhere in the solar system.
Download or read book Environmental Bioenergetics written by Anke Marianne Herrmann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth and Life Processes Discovered from Subseafloor Environments written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP: 2000-2013) has provided crucial records of past and present processes and interactions within and between the biosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and geosphere. Research in IODP encompasses a wide range of fundamental and applied issues that affect society, such as global climate change, biodiversity, the origin of life, natural hazards involving the study of earthquakes processes, and the internal structure and dynamics of our planet. This compilation of major findings from the 2003-2013/14 phase of IODP, focusing on scientific results rather than description of data acquisition and early inferences, provides invaluable information. Anyone wondering what scientific drilling can achieve will gain quick understanding of the range of questions that are uniquely addressed with this methodology and the ways these data dovetail with other regional information. The excitement of breakthrough findings that occasionally accompanies a drilling project will be evident. IODP obtained unique records from the global ocean basins during the 2003-2013 program phase. This book highlights findings in three theme areas: Subseafloor life and the marine biosphere; Earth's changing environments; and Dynamics of the solid Earth. Each core or borehole log provides a window revealing insights that no other data achieve. Presents syntheses of key results from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Encompasses a wide range of issues that affect society Describes the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program and its expeditions
Download or read book Microbial Hydrogen Metabolism written by Chris Greening and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Formate as an Energy Source for Microbial Metabolism in Chemosynthetic Zones of Hydrothermal Ecosystems written by Todd Windman and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formate, a simple organic acid known to support chemotrophic hyperthermophiles, is found in hot springs of varying temperature and pH. However, it is not yet known how metabolic strategies that use formate could contribute to primary productivity in hydrothermal ecosystems. In an effort to provide a quantitative framework for assessing the role of formate metabolism, concentration data for dissolved formate and many other solutes in samples from Yellowstone hot springs were used, together with data for coexisting gas compositions, to evaluate the overall Gibbs energy for many reactions involving formate oxidation or reduction. The result is the first rigorous thermodynamic assessment of reactions involving formate oxidation to bicarbonate and reduction to methane coupled with various forms of iron, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen for hydrothermal ecosystems. We conclude that there are a limited number of reactions that can yield energy through formate reduction, in contrast to numerous formate oxidation reactions that can yield abundant energy for chemosynthetic microorganisms. Because the energy yields are so high, these results challenge the notion that hydrogen is the primary energy source of chemosynthetic microbes in hydrothermal ecosystems.
