Download or read book Theory of Rate Processes in Condensed Media written by B. Fain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide range of important physical and chemical phenomena may be named by the same title: Rate processes in condensed media. They have the same underlying physics and mathematics. To these phenomena belong: 1) Small polaron motion [a] 2) Electron transfer between ions in solutions [b] and in photosynthetic centers [c]. 3) Electronic energy transfer between molecules or ions in solids and in liquids [d]. 4) Enzymatic catalysis [e] 5) Group transfer in biological systems [fl. 6) Electron-hole recombination in semiconductors [g]. 7) Non-radiative electronic relaxation in ionic centers Ih] and in impurity states in insulators [i]. 8) Recombination in amorphous solids [j]. 9) Radiationless transitions in large molecules [k]. At present a unified theoretical and conceptual framework exists for description and understanding of all these diverse phenomena. Our aim in writing this work is to introduce the student and the research worker in chemical physics to the main aspects of the conceptual framework of rate processes in condensed media. There exists an extensive literature devoted to various rate processes in condensed media. Among recent works, the books of Levine and Jortner [1], Fong [m] and Ulstrup [n] should be mentioned. The existence of this literature enables us to concentrate on the major theoretical aspects, omitting description and presentation of experimental data. We tried to make our work self-contained. Almost all the information necessary for reading the book is included. References used in the work by no means cover the literature on the subject.
Download or read book Charge Transfer Processes in Condensed Media written by J. Ulstrup and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecules in liquid and solid media are exposed to strong inter action forces from the surrounding medium. The formulation of a comprehensive theory of chemical processes in condensed media is consequently an elaborate task involving concepts from several areas of the natural sciences. Within the las~ two and a half decades very notable results towards the formulation of a 'unified' quantum mechanical theory of such processes have in fact been achieved, and by the variety of physical, chemical, and biological processes which can be suitably covered by this framework, the new theory represents an adequate alternative to the transition state theory. The present work has a two-fold purpose. Firstly, to provide a reasonably organized exposition of some basic aspects of these developments. This part emphasizes the fundamental similarities between chemical and other kinds of radiationless processes and includes the derivation of the most important rate expressions without resorting to involved mathematical techniques. The s- ond major purpose is to illustrate the 'unified' character of the rate theory by analysis of a considerable amount of expe- mental data from both 'conventional' kinetics and from such untraditional areas as low-temperature, strongly exothermic, and biological processes. Particular attention is here given to those systems for which a classical description is inadequate, and which provide a diagnostic distinction between several alternative theoretical approaches.
Download or read book Time Dependent Reactivity of Species in Condensed Media written by Andrzej Plonka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These notes on the use of one particular form of the time-dependent rate constant to describe the reaction patterns in condensed media have been put together primarily to encourage chemists to try and accept this new way of experimental data treatment. A number of applications is shown and interpretative aspects are discussed. Emphasized are the problems that need to be currently solved. Some of them are also of current interest in condensed phase physics from which the chemical kinetics benefits a great deal. It was inevitable that the choice of subject matter from both rapidly expanding fields and its form of pre sentation reflect to some extent the author's own interests and some important topics are treated briefly or even omitted. Fully recognizing this, I would like to acknowledge with gratitude the contributions to the subject of all my coworkers in the Laboratories of Lodz, Detroit Mi, MUlheim/Ruhr, and Houston Tx, and of those who helped me in preparing this text. Dr. Wlodzi~ierz Lefik and my son WojciecQ recalculated most of the experimental results, Mrs. Aleksandra Karczewska redrew all the figures. Special thanks go to my wife Ewa for her invaluable assistance in all works and for the final form of the text. AP Lodz, February 1986 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 2. Reaction kinetics of species trapped in glassy matrices 6 Excess electrons (6): Post-irradiated decay (6). Spectral relaxation (11). Photostimulated decay (15). Photostimu lated conversion into trapped hydrogen atoms (17). Radio luminescence kinetics (21).
Download or read book Surface Electrochemistry written by John O'M. Bockris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text Modern Electrochemistry (authored by J. O'M. Bockris and A. K. N. Reddy and published by Plenum Press in 1970) was written between 1967 and 1969. The concept for it arose in 1962 in the Energy Conversion Center at the University of Pennsylvania, and it was intended to act as a base for interdisciplinary students and mature scientists~hemists, physicists, biologists, metallurgists, and engineers-who wanted to know about electrochemical energy conversion and storage. In writing the book, the stress, therefore, was placed above all on lucidity in teaching physical electrochemistry from the beginning. Although this fundamentally undergraduate text continues to find purchasers 20 years after its birth, it has long been clear that a modernized edition should be written, and the plans to do so were the origin of the present book. However, if a new Bockris and Reddy was to be prepared and include the advances of the last 20 years, with the same degree of lucidity as characterized the first one, the depth of the development would have to be well short of that needed by professional electrochemists.
Download or read book Physico Chemical Phenomena in Thin Films and at Solid Surfaces written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-06-07 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is devoted to the consideration of the different processes taking place in thin films and at surfaces. Since the most important physico-chemical phenomena in such media are accompanied by the rearrangement of an intra- and intermolecular coordinates and consequently a surrounding molecular ensemble, the theory of radiationless multi-vibrational transitions is used for its description. The second part of the book considers the numerous surface phenomena. And in the third part is described the preparation methods and characteristics of different types of thin films. Both experimental and theoretical descriptions are represented. Media rearrangement coupled with the reagent transformation largely determines the absolute value and temperature dependence of the rate constants and other characteristics of the considered processes. These effects are described at the atomic or molecular level based on the multi-phonon theory, starting from the first pioneering studies through to contemporary studies.A number of questions are included at the end of many chapters to further reinforce the material presented. · Unified approach to the description of numerous physico-chemical phenomena in different materials· Based on the pioneering research work of the authors· Explantion of a variety of experimental observations· Material is presented at two levels of complexity for specialists and non-specialists · Identifies existing and potential applications of the processes and phenomena · Includes questions at the end of some chapters to further reinforce the material discussed
Download or read book Advances in Chemical Physics written by Ilya Prigogine and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advances in Chemical Physics series provides the chemical physics and physical chemistry fields with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Filled with cutting-edge research reported in a cohesive manner not found elsewhere in the literature, each volume of the Advances in Chemical Physics series serves as the perfect supplement to any advanced graduate class devoted to the study of chemical physics.
Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems Third Edition written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008-03-04 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major advances in the quantum theory of macroscopic systems, in combination with stunning experimental achievements, have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Today, working knowledge of dissipative quantum mechanics is an essential tool for many physicists. This book — originally published in 1990 and republished in 1999 as an enlarged second edition — delves much deeper than ever before into the fundamental concepts, methods, and applications of quantum dissipative systems, including the most recent developments.In this third edition, 26 chapters from the second edition contain additional material and several chapters are completely rewritten. It deals with the phenomena and theory of decoherence, relaxation, and dissipation in quantum mechanics that arise from the interaction with the environment. In so doing, a general path integral description of equilibrium thermodynamics and nonequilibrium dynamics is developed.
Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems Fourth Edition written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from first principles, this book introduces the fundamental concepts and methods of dissipative quantum mechanics and explores related phenomena in condensed matter systems. Major experimental achievements in cooperation with theoretical advances have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Nowadays, working knowledge of dissipative quantum mechanics is an essential tool for many physicists. This book — originally published in 1990 and republished in 1999 and and 2008 as enlarged second and third editions — delves significantly deeper than ever before into the fundamental concepts, methods and applications of quantum dissipative systems.This fourth edition provides a self-contained and updated account of the quantum mechanics of open systems and offers important new material including the most recent developments. The subject matter has been expanded by about fifteen percent. Many chapters have been completely rewritten to better cater to both the needs of newcomers to the field and the requests of the advanced readership. Two chapters have been added that account for recent progress in the field. This book should be accessible to all graduate students in physics. Researchers will find this a rich and stimulating source.
Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in the quantum theory of macroscopic systems have brightened up the field and brought it into the focus of a general community in natural sciences. The fundamental concepts, methods and applications including the most recent developments, previously covered for the most part only in the original literature, are presented here in a comprehensive treatment to an audience who is reasonably familiar with quantum-statistical mechanics and has had rudimentary contacts with the path integral formulation. This book deals with the phenomena and theory of decoherence and dissipation in quantum mechanics that arise from the interaction with the environment. A general path integral description of equilibrium thermodynamics and non-equilibrium dynamics is developed. The approach can deal with weak and strong dissipation, and with all kinds of memory effects. Applications to numerous phenomenological and microscopic systems are presented, where emphasis is put on condensed matter and chemical physics. The basic principles and methods of preparation functions, propagating functions, and time correlation functions are described. Special attention is focused on quantum tunneling and quantum coherence phenomena of macroscopic variables. Many illustrative realistic examples are discussed in some detail. The book attempts to provide a broad perspective and to open up this rapidly developing field to interested researchers normally working in different fields. In this enlarged second edition, the nineteen chapters of the first edition have been expanded by about one-third to better meet both the requests of newcomers to the field and of advanced readers, and seven new chapters have beenadded that review the most recent important developments.
Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems Fifth Edition written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive textbook provides the fundamental concepts and methods of dissipative quantum mechanics and related issues in condensed matter physics starting from first principles. It deals with the phenomena and theory of decoherence, relaxation and dissipation in quantum mechanics that arise from the random exchange of energy with the environment. Major theoretical advances in combination with stunning experimental achievements and the arising perspective for quantum computing have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Expertise in dissipative quantum mechanics is by now beneficial in a broad sphere.This book — originally published in 1992 and republished as enlarged and updated second, third and fourth edition in 1999, 2008, and 2012 — dives even deeper into the fundamental concepts, methods and applications of quantum dissipation. The fifth edition provides a self-contained and updated account of the quantum mechanics and quantum statistics of open systems. The subject matter of the book has been thoroughly revised to better comply with the needs of newcomers and the demands of the advanced readership. Most of the chapters are rewritten to enhance clarity and topicality. Four new chapters covering recent developments in the field have been added. There are about 600 references. This book is intended for use by advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics, and for researchers active in the field. They will find the monograph as a rich and stimulating source.
Download or read book Tunneling in Biological Systems written by Britton Chance and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tunneling in Biological Systems focuses on the low temperature electron transport that reveals a quantum-mechanical effect called “tunneling. This book discusses the tunneling in physical systems; detection of molecular vibrations with electron tunneling; chemical-rate theory of small-polaron hopping; and experimental approaches to electronic coupling in metal ion redox systems. The Faraday rotation and photoconductivity of photosynthetic structures at microwave frequencies; dynamics of electron transport in macromolecules; and electron transfer reactions in cytochrome oxidase are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the kinetic evidence for electron tunneling in solution; specificity and control in biological systems; molecular tunneling in heme proteins; and ligand binding. This publication is valuable to students and researchers interested in the physics of biological and medical problems.
Download or read book Advances in Chemical Physics Volume 156 written by Stuart A. Rice and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-11-03 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Chemical Physics is the only series of volumes available that explores the cutting edge of research in chemical physics. This is the only series of volumes available that presents the cutting edge of research in chemical physics. Includes contributions from experts in this field of research. Contains a representative cross-section of research that questions established thinking on chemical solutions. Structured with an editorial framework that makes the book an excellent supplement to an advanced graduate class in physical chemistry or chemical physics.
Download or read book Chemistry Quantum Mechanics and Reductionism written by Hans Primas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Electronics written by P.I. Lazarev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Thermodynamic Machinery of Life written by Michal Kurzynski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-09 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamics was created in the ?rst half of the 19th century as a theory designed to explain the functioning of heat engines converting heat into mechanical work. In the course of time, while the scope of research in this ?eld was being extended to a wider and wider class of energy transformations, thermodynamics came to be considered as a general theory of machines identi?ed with energy transducers. Imp- tant progress in biochemistry in the ?rst half of the 20th century, and in molecular biology in the second half, made it possible to think of treating even living organisms as machines, at least on the subcellular level. However, success in applying thermodynamics to elucidate the phenomenon of life has been rather mitigated. Two reasons seem to be responsible for this unsatisfactory s- uation. Nineteenth century thermodynamics dealt only with simple (homogeneous) systems in complete equilibrium. Although during the 20th century a nonequilibrium thermodynamics was developed, sta- ing with the Onsager theory of linear response and ending with the Prigogine nonlinear theory of dissipative structures, these theories still concern the originally homogeneous systems. Because living organisms are complex systems with a historically frozen spatial and functional structure, a thermodynamics of both nonequilibrium and complex s- tems is needed for their description. The ?rst goal of the present book is to formulate the foundations of such a thermodynamics.
Download or read book Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry No 20 written by John O'M. Bockris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starts with the most fundamental aspects of the subject and work to the more complex. Topics treated include the electron overlap contribution to the double layer potential difference; the electron transfer theory; farzdaic rectification; photoelectrochemical reduction of CO 2; aluminum in aqueous s
Download or read book Lecture Notes in Quantum Chemistry written by Björn O. Roos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Quantum Chemistry" is the course material of a European Summer School in Quantum Chemistry, organized by Bj|rn O. Roos. It consists of lectures by outstanding scientists who participate in the education of students and young scientists. The book has a wider appeal as additional reading for University courses. Contents: P.-A. Malmquist: Mathematical Tools in Quantum Chemistry J. Olsen: The Method of Second Quantization P.R. Taylor: Molecular Symmetry and Quantum Chemistry B.O. Roos: The Multiconfigurational (MC) Self-Consistent Field (SCF) Theory P.E.M. Siegbahn: The Configuration Interaction Method T. Helgaker: Optimization of Minima and Saddle Points P.R. Taylor: Accurate Calculations and Calibration U. Wahlgren: Effective Core Potential Method
