Download or read book The Western Christian Presence in the Caucasus and Q j r Persia 1802 70 written by Thomas S. Flynn and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Western Christian presence in the Caucasus and Qa ja r Persia 1802 70 written by T. S. R. O'Flynn and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Western Christian Presence in the Caucasus and Q aj ar Persia 1802 70 written by T. S. R. O'Flynn and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transportation Technology in Iran 1800 1940 Chapar Carts Carriages Automobiles Bicycles Motor Cycles Lodgings Sewing Machines Typewriters Pianos written by Willem Floor and published by Mage Publishers. This book was released on 2023-08-21 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only 100 years ago the main means of transportation in Iran was by quadruped. Transportation & Technology in Iran, 1800-1940, by renowned Iranian studies scholar Willem Floor is an in-depth, illustrated, four-part study of the subject. Until the 1920s Iran had no more than 700 kilometers of roads suitable for motor vehicles, which situation greatly impeded Iran's economic development. Caravans traveled 40 km/day, though travelers in a hurry could cover 150 km/day when using the courier system (chapar), which is the subject of part 1. Wheeled transportation, (in part 2 of the books) was rare and limited to only a few parts of country due to the lack of roads. This situation underwent change when carriages became popular in urban areas and on the few modern roads after 1890. Motorized transportation grew in importance after 1921 and really took off in the 1930s, with the construction of a new road network. As a result, newer, more powerful trucks reduced the cost of transportation significantly, thus lowering the cost of retail goods. The increase of motorized transport also meant that car dealers, import rules, mechanics, garages, supply of spare parts, and gasoline distribution as well as traffic regulations had to be created ex nihilo; All these processes are detailed in the book. Like cars, bicycles and motorcycles also were increasingly used as of the 1920s, thus increasing choice in people's mobility. More road traffic also implied that travelers needed places to spend the night and eat. The change from caravanserais to guest-houses and hotels is discussed in part 3. These changes in transportation methods did not come alone, for other modern tools of change such as the sewing machine and the typewriter also made their appearance and had a major impact on people's availability and use of time. Finally, the piano made its entry onto the Iranian musical scene, and although not perfectly in tune with the traditional Iranian musical system, it is now as much part of music making in Iran as the tar and santur (part 4 of the book). All these changes and new technologies did not happen overnight or without problems, and slow adoption initially was limited to the upper-class. However, with falling prices and changing needs and policies these new technologies eventually reached a larger public and the idea that they once were 'exotic' and 'out of reach' is now inconceivable to Iranians. The studies in this book provide a new vantage point and understanding of the transfer of modern technology for scholars of the social-economic and cultural history of the Middle East.

Download or read book Defining M tis written by Timothy P. Foran and published by Univ. of Manitoba Press. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defining Métis examines categories used in the latter half of the nineteenth century by Catholic missionaries to describe Indigenous people in what is now northwestern Saskatchewan. It argues that the construction and evolution of these categories reflected missionaries’changing interests and agendas. Defining Métis sheds light on the earliest phases of Catholic missionary work among Indigenous peoples in western and northern Canada. It examines various interrelated aspects of this work, including the beginnings of residential schooling, transportation and communications, and relations between the Church, the Hudson’s Bay Company, and the federal government. While focusing on the Oblates of Mary Immaculate and their central mission at Île-à-la-Crosse, this study illuminates broad processes that informed Catholic missionary perceptions and impelled their evolution over a fifty-three-year period. In particular, this study illuminates processes that shaped Oblate conceptions of sauvage and métis. It does this through a qualitative analysis of documents that were produced within the Oblates’ institutional apparatus—official correspondence, mission journals, registers, and published reports. Foran challenges the orthodox notion that Oblate commentators simply discovered and described a singular, empirically existing, and readily identifiable Métis population. Rather, he contends that Oblates played an important role in the conceptual production of les métis.

Download or read book Dictionary of Minor Planet Names written by Lutz D. Schmadel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-23 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history and rapid development of minor planet dis In addition to citing the bibliographic source of the nam coveries constitute a fascinating story and one with a ing, we also provide the source of numbering. A spe rather breathtaking evolution. By October 2005, the cial concordance list will enable the evaluation of the total of numbered planets exceeded the remarkable cor respective publication dates. The complete work is, nerstone of 100,000 objects and only three years later of course, a thoroughly revised and considerably en in November 2008 we are even faced with minor planet larged data collection and every e?ort has been made ( ) 200000 . This dramatic evolution must be compared to check and correct each single piece of information ( ) with the huge time span of two centuries 1801–2000 again. For even more detailed information on the dis that was necessary to detect and to re?ne the orbits of covery circumstances of numbered but unnamed plan only the ?rst 20,000 minor planets. Nowadays, we need ets, the reader is referred to the extensive data ?les even less than 13 months for the same quantity! At the compiled by the Minor Planet Center. end of 2005, we had achieved a total of 12,804 named ( According to a resolution of IAU Division III 2000, minor planets a fraction of less than 11 per cent of ) Manchester IAU General Assembly DMPN attained all numbered minor planets.

Download or read book The Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Composition from Space written by John P. Burrows and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of anthropogenic activities on our atmospheric environment is of growing public concern and satellite-based techniques now provide an essential component of observational strategies on regional and global scales. The purpose of this book is to summarise the state of the art in the field in general, while describing both key techniques and findings in particular. It opens with an historical perspective of the field together with the basic principles of remote sensing from space. Three chapters follow on the techniques and on the solutions to the problems associated with the various spectral regions in which observations are made. The particular challenges posed by aerosols and clouds are covered in the next two chapters. Of special importance is the accuracy and reliability of remote sensing data and these issues are covered in a chapter on validation. The final section of the book is concerned with the exploitation of data, with chapters on observational aspects, which includes both individual and synergistic studies, and on the comparison of global and regional observations with chemical transport and climate models and the added value that the interaction brings to both. The book concludes with scientific needs and likely future developments in the field, and the necessary actions to be taken if we are to have the global observation system that the Earth needs in its present, deteriorating state. The appendices provide a comprehensive list of satellite instruments, global representations of some ancillary data such as fire counts and light pollution, a list of abbreviations and acronyms, and a set of colourful timelines indicating the satellite coverage of tropospheric composition in the foreseeable future. Altogether, this book will be a timely reference and overview for anyone working at the interface of environmental, atmospheric and space sciences.

Download or read book Jewry in Music written by David Conway and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Conway analyses why and how Jews, virtually absent from Western art music until the end of the eighteenth century, came to be represented in all branches of the profession within fifty years as leading figures – not only as composers and performers, but as publishers, impresarios and critics. His study places this process in the context of dynamic economic, political, sociological and technological changes and also of developments in Jewish communities and the Jewish religion itself, in the major cultural centres of Western Europe. Beginning with a review of attitudes to Jews in the arts and an assessment of Jewish music and musical skills, in the age of the Enlightenment, Conway traces the story of growing Jewish involvement with music through the biographies of the famous, the neglected and the forgotten, leading to a radical contextualisation of Wagner's infamous 'Judaism in Music'.

Download or read book History of Cartography written by Elri Liebenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects 22 papers presented at the 4th International Symposium of the ICA Commission on the History of Cartography, held at Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary, on 28-29 June 2012. The overall conference theme is 'Exploration - Discovery - Cartography', but preference has been given to papers dealing with cartography in the 19th and 20th centuries. The papers are classified according to regional sub-themes, i.e. papers on the Americas, papers on Africa, etc.

Download or read book Compound Climate Extremes in the Present and Future Climates Machine Learning Statistical Methods and Dynamical Modelling written by Wei Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Music of the Jews in the Diaspora up to 1800 written by Alfred Sendrey and published by New York : T. Yoseloff. This book was released on 1971 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mixed Dates written by Robert Gunkle Barnhill and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Founders of Seismology written by Charles Davison and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1927, provides a historical study regarding the origins of seismology and the key figures in its development.

Download or read book Musurgia Vocalis written by Isaac Nathan and published by . This book was released on 1836 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A History of British Earthquakes written by Charles Davison and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1924 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Secure and Sustainable Living written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is expected to assist in augmentation of socio-economic policy issues related to the generation and use of weather, climate and water related information and services. It is derived from the outcome of the International Conference on "Secure and Sustainable Living: Social and Economic Benefits of Weather, Climate and Water Services" that took place in Madrid, Spain from March 19 to 22, 2007.--Publisher's description.

Download or read book 1823 1842 written by New York (State). Governor and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: