Download or read book The Use of Double Translocation Heterozygotes To Control Populations of the German Cockroach and the Use of Genetic Mechanisms and Behavioral Characteristics To Control Natural Populations of the German Cockroach written by Mary H. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research under Phase I was direct towards developing and testing double translocation heterozgotes as possible mechanisms for genetic control of the german cockroach. An initial laboratory experiment showed that releasing males carrying a single 2-chromosome translocation retarded but did not suppress population growth. Double translocations impart a higher genetic load. Their potential for suppressing and possbily eliminating infestations is substantially increased by an eggg case sterility effect, 'embryonic trapping'. During Phase II of the research shipboard roach population were studied. Estimates of population growth indicated that free populations developing under essentially optimal conditions would show a 20 to 26-fold increase in a 3-month period. Trapping data showed that: peaks of highest density in a thoroughly-trapped area best indicated the location of spot infestations; catch close to localized aggregations gave reasonably good indications of relative density; traps between spot infestations could not be used for density estimations; and that age class frequency in traps was unlike that in nearby infestations. Age class structure of rapidly-growing groups differed from that of groups where harborage availability limited growth. The last three shipboard experiments on the effects of propoxur treatment on populations established in known locations. The relationship between food and water consumption and female reproductive state was also studied. Studies on aggregation pheromone and a less well known dispersal pheromone revealed differences in response with age/sex class.
Download or read book The Use of Double Translocations to Control Populations of the German Cockroach written by Mary H. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project is to conduct a field test of a unique type of sterility mechanism, embryonic trapping, for control of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Trapping of viable embryos occurs when their number is reduced by genetic lethality to a point at which they are unable to force open the egg case at the time of hatch. Sterile egg cases occur frequently in matings of double translocation heterozygotes. Their frequency depends on the amount of lethality characteristic of the particular double. Using sex differences in lethality (chromosome disjunction) of certain single translocations, it has been possible to establish a crossing system for producing totally sterile double translocation-carrying males. One of the important points emerging from this year's study is that releases of sterile males may be very small indeed - certainly much smaller than a pre-cleanout population. Nevertheless, the sterile males are potentially capable of suppressing population growth or, if completely successful, of leading to the elimination of small residual populations.
Download or read book The Use of Double Translocation to Control Populations of the German Cockroach written by Mary H. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique type of sterility, embryonic trapping, is an ancillary effect of high lethality in the German cockroach. Lethal effects, such as those characteristics of double translocation carrying males, may reduce the proportion of living embryos in an egg case to a point at which their combined strength is insufficient to force it open at the time of hatch. The overall goal was to test the effectiveness of this sterility mechanism in the control of shipboard and other German cockroach infestations. The first research objective involved procedures for sexing and identifying double males. Two hundred individuals were selected/hr. The size of the crossing systems needed to produce specific numbers of double males was also estimated. Objective 2 dealt with competitiveness studies. Unmated males remained competitive during the first month of adulthood, reaching a slight peak at ca 2 wks. Another series of experiments showed laboratory translocation strain males tended to out-compete males collected from the USS J F Kennedy. Objective 3 involved the choice of the particular double translocation stock for field tests. A new double, showing complete male sterility and high competitiveness, was chosen in preference to an older stock, T(3;7;12), which has lower sterility. Under Objective 4, a population experiment using releases of T(3;7;12) males into the Kennedy strain was initiated. Data, though incomplete, leave little doubt that releases into one generation of cockroaches will result in population suppression in the next.
Download or read book Genetic Control of the German Cockroach written by Mary H. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors investigated the possibility of controlling the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, by using chromosome translocations. The first objective involved study of wild-type laboratory and field populations. The origin, hatch, and development of nymphal groups that determine the growth and age structure of a laboratory population were analyzed. Properties of 9 single translocations were studied under Objective 2. Eight showed good competitiveness, 1 marginal, and 1 poor. Eight were established in backcross systems to closely linked markers. Single translocations retarded but did not suppress population growth. The authors found that the sterility effect, embryonic trapping, that is used in population suppression by double translocations is due to a reduction in the numbers of viable embryos/ootheca. The frequency of sterile egg cases increases sharply at lethalities of 60-80%, with complete sterility at lethalities of 80% or better. They conclude that double translocations are the most effective method of using translocations for control in B. germanica. Such mechanisms are potentially capable of reducing field populations.
Download or read book The Use of Genetic Mechanisms and Behavioral Characteristics to Control Natural Populations of the German Cockroach written by Mary H. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pilot field test of genetically-induced sterile male was concluded. The experimental design involved low-level releases of males carrying double translocations with the aim of eliminating or, at least inhibiting rapid re-growth of pockets of cockroaches left after routine insecticide treatment. The results were positive in that the males were easily introduced into natural groups, within which they competed well against wild-type males. However, it also became apparent that the effective use of these males would require a more thorough understanding of natural populations. The work conducted during the past year involved the initiation of some of these studies, along with preparation of data from the sterile-male experiment for publication.
Download or read book Understanding and Controlling the German Cockroach written by Michael K. Rust and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1995 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The German cockroach is considered to be the most significant insect pest of homes in many countries of the world. This book provides updated information about the biology and behaviour of this pest including taxonomy and distribution, morphology, and genetics. Effective strategies and the use of technology to control the pest are considered. There are more than 1,200 cited references which make this a comprehensive reference book.
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