Download or read book The Uncertain Nervous System written by Benedict Delisle Burns and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 1968 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Decisions Uncertainty and the Brain written by Paul W. Glimcher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-09-17 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative book, Paul Glimcher argues that economic theory may provide an alternative to the classical Cartesian model of the brain and behavior. Glimcher argues that Cartesian dualism operates from the false premise that the reflex is able to describe behavior in the real world that animals inhabit. A mathematically rich cognitive theory, he claims, could solve the most difficult problems that any environment could present, eliminating the need for dualism by eliminating the need for a reflex theory. Such a mathematically rigorous description of the neural processes that connect sensation and action, he explains, will have its roots in microeconomic theory. Economic theory allows physiologists to define both the optimal course of action that an animal might select and a mathematical route by which that optimal solution can be derived. Glimcher outlines what an economics-based cognitive model might look like and how one would begin to test it empirically. Along the way, he presents a fascinating history of neuroscience. He also discusses related questions about determinism, free will, and the stochastic nature of complex behavior.
Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Download or read book Neurotoxicity identifying and controlling poisons of the nervous system new developments in neuroscience written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sensory Coding in the mammalian nervous system written by George Somjen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Great advances have been made in the area of sensory physiology during the last few decades, and these developments seem to be asking for a comprehensive review that is manageable in size and cohesive in content. This volume has been written with that goal in mind. In the first place I would like to thank Mr. R. van Frank of Appleton-Century-Crofts for asking me to do the job, and my wife for persuading me to do it, for writing it was an enjoyable task. Much of the discussion of factual data set to print here evolved in question-and-answer sessions in courses given to students in physiology, psychology, and medicine, and to physicians training in neurology, neurosur gery, and psychiatry. Besides my students, I had in mind while preparing this text my professional colleagues laboring on their lecture notes under circum stances perhaps not unlike my own. The material is divided in two parts. The first deals with the manner of representation of sensory information in peripheral nerves: the so-called first order code. The second half of the text deals with the handling of sense data by the central nervous system. One reason for dividing the material in this way is that many of the features of the first-order code are common to all sensory modalities. The intensity, the place, the rhythm, the "quality" of stimuli are encoded by rules which are applicable, albeit with appropriate modifications, to all senses. Furthermore, these rules of coding are today rather well understood.
Download or read book The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates written by Hartwig Kuhlenbeck and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 1978 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1927, Hartwig Kuhlenbeck published a series of lectures on the central nervous system of vertebrates and gave neurobiology its standard reference for decades. The present work, now complete in 5 volumes, represents a monumental expansion of the early lectures.
Download or read book Information Processing in The Nervous System written by K. N. Leibovic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several symposia have been held on subjects relating to the general theme of information processing in the nervous system. It is now widely recognized that this whole field is rapidly developing and changing in a manner beyond our imaginings of a few years ago. When confronted with conceptual revolutions of this kind, it is justifiable to have a continued on-going discourse and disputation so that there is maximum opportunity for interaction between the leaders of thought in all the re lated disciplines. The conference organized by K. N. Leibovic, and held at the State University of New York at Buffalo from October 21st to 24th, 1968, made a notable contribution to this interaction. It is fortunate that there is here being published, not only the papers contributed to the sym posium, but also much of the stimulating discussion. The term "neuronal machinery" can be validly used because there is now good understanding of the operational mechanisms of at least some of the neuronal centers in the brain, and our knowledge of these mechanisms is progressing in a most encouraging manner. The stated objective by Prof. Leibovic, the organizer of the symposium, was that it was designed to cor relate neuronal machinery with psychophysiological phenomena. He calls attention to the urgency of achieving a common conceptual basis for neuro anatomy, neurophysiology, and psychology.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Anaesthesia written by Colin Pinnock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Fundamentals of Anaesthesia builds upon the success of the first edition, and encapsulates the modern practice of anaesthesia in a single volume. Written and edited by a team of expert contributors, it provides a comprehensive but easily readable account of all of the information required by the FRCA Primary examination candidate and has been expanded to include more detail on all topics and to include new topics now covered in the examination. As with the previous edition, presentation of information is clear and concise, with the use of lists, tables, summary boxes and line illustrations where necessary to highlight important information and aid the understanding of complex topics. Great care has been taken to ensure an unrivalled consistency of style and presentation throughout.
Download or read book Central Nervous System Pathology written by G.N. Kryzhanovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One hardly always receives due credit for working out a general theory. It is more enticing to be successful in discovering new phenomena of tangible facts even if they are particular ones. The great technical opportunities which now exist and the new methods of investigation which recently seemed to be fantastic have made that even more enticing. Therefore, the establishment of general regu larities seems to be an abstract occupation whose significance is not always clear. Nevertheless, a general theory should be elaborated. Factual material should be systematized and generalized as it accumu lates. As an increasing amount of data is obtained, it becomes increasingly urgent to ascertain the general regularities which determine the typical mechanisms of individual phenomena. Re searchers approach these aspects of scientific activity in different ways. Some of them are interested in analyzing the specifics of a phenomenon, while others try to find a general regularity in an individual fact and look for its confirmation in new material. Both of these indispensable forms of research have been reflected in this book.
Download or read book Decisions Uncertainty and the Brain written by Paul W. Glimcher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-09-17 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative book, Paul Glimcher argues that economic theory may provide an alternative to the classical Cartesian model of the brain and behavior. Glimcher argues that Cartesian dualism operates from the false premise that the reflex is able to describe behavior in the real world that animals inhabit. A mathematically rich cognitive theory, he claims, could solve the most difficult problems that any environment could present, eliminating the need for dualism by eliminating the need for a reflex theory. Such a mathematically rigorous description of the neural processes that connect sensation and action, he explains, will have its roots in microeconomic theory. Economic theory allows physiologists to define both the optimal course of action that an animal might select and a mathematical route by which that optimal solution can be derived. Glimcher outlines what an economics-based cognitive model might look like and how one would begin to test it empirically. Along the way, he presents a fascinating history of neuroscience. He also discusses related questions about determinism, free will, and the stochastic nature of complex behavior.
Download or read book The Central Nervous System written by Per Brodal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The fifth edition of The Central Nervous System has been thoroughly updated and revised to better equip students with essential information in the field of clinical neuroscience. This text is revised to reflect new information as well as an understanding of student needs for critical thinking. This text seamlessly integrates data from all fields of neuroscience as well as clinical neurology and psychology and presents the functional properties of clinically-relevant disorders by incorporating data from molecular biology to clinical neurology."--Back cover.
Download or read book The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates written by Rudolf Nieuwenhuys and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 2237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference is clearly destined to become the definitive anatomical basis for all molecular neuroscience research. The three volumes provide a complete overview and comparison of the structural organisation of all vertebrate groups, ranging from amphioxus and lamprey through fishes, amphibians and birds to mammals. This thus allows a systematic treatment of the concepts and methodology found in modern comparative neuroscience. Neuroscientists, comparative morphologists and anatomists will all benefit from: * 1,200 detailed and standardised neuroanatomical drawings * the illustrations were painstakingly hand-drawn by a team of graphic designers, specially commissioned by the authors, over a period of 25 years * functional correlations of vertebrate brains * concepts and methodology of modern comparative neuroscience * five full-colour posters giving an overview of the central nervous system of the vertebrates, ideal for mounting and display This monumental work is, and will remain, unique; the only source of such brilliant illustrations at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels.
Download or read book The Effects of Drug Abuse on the Human Nervous System written by Bertha Madras and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug use and abuse continues to thrive in contemporary society worldwide and the instance and damage caused by addiction increases along with availability. The Effects of Drug Abuse on the Human Nervous System presents objective, state-of-the-art information on the impact of drug abuse on the human nervous system, with each chapter offering a specific focus on nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine, MDMA, sedative-hypnotics, and designer drugs. Other chapters provide a context for drug use, with overviews of use and consequences, epidemiology and risk factors, genetics of use and treatment success, and strategies to screen populations and provide appropriate interventions. The book offers meaningful, relevant and timely information for scientists, health-care professionals and treatment providers. A comprehensive reference on the effects of drug addiction on the human nervous system Focuses on core drug addiction issues from nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, alcohol, and other commonly abused drugs Includes foundational science chapters on the biology of addiction Details challenges in diagnosis and treatment options
Download or read book Neural Control of Renal Function Second Edition written by Ulla C. Kopp and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers reaching the renal vasculature, the tubules, the juxtaglomerular granular cells, and the renal pelvic wall. The renal sensory nerves are mainly found in the renal pelvic wall. Increases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity reduce renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion by activation of α1-adrenoceptors and increase renin secretion rate by activation of β1-adrenoceptors. In response to normal physiological stimulation, changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute importantly to homeostatic regulation of sodium and water balance. The renal mechanosensory nerves are activated by stretch of the renal pelvic tissue produced by increases in renal pelvic tissue of a magnitude that may occur during increased urine flow rate. Under normal conditions, the renal mechanosensory nerves activated by stretch of the sensory nerves elicits an inhibitory renorenal reflex response consisting of decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity leading to natriuresis. Increasing efferent sympathetic nerve activity increases afferent renal nerve activity which, in turn, decreases efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by activation of the renorenal reflexes. Thus, activation of the afferent renal nerves buffers changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the overall goal of maintaining sodium balance. In pathological conditions of sodium retention, impairment of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes contributes to an inappropriately increased efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the presence of sodium retention. In states of renal disease or injury, there is a shift from inhibitory to excitatory reflexes originating in the kidney. Studies in essential hypertensive patients have shown that renal denervation results in long-term reduction in arterial pressure, suggesting an important role for the efferent and afferent renal nerves in hypertension.
Download or read book Sensory Cue Integration written by Julia Trommershauser and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with sensory cue integration both within and between sensory modalities, and focuses on the emerging way of thinking about cue combination in terms of uncertainty. These probabilistic approaches derive from the realization that our sensors are noisy and moreover are often affected by ambiguity. For example, mechanoreceptor outputs are variable and they cannot distinguish if a perceived force is caused by the weight of an object or by force we are producing ourselves. The probabilistic approaches elaborated in this book aim at formalizing the uncertainty of cues. They describe cue combination as the nervous system's attempt to minimize uncertainty in its estimates and to choose successful actions. Some computational approaches described in the chapters of this book are concerned with the application of such statistical ideas to real-world cue-combination problems. Others ask how uncertainty may be represented in the nervous system and used for cue combination. Importantly, across behavioral, electrophysiological and theoretical approaches, Bayesian statistics is emerging as a common language in which cue-combination problems can be expressed.
Download or read book Unexplained Pediatric Deaths written by Elizabeth Bundock and published by . This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reviews medicolegal investigation of sudden, unexpected pediatric deaths, focusing on systems and procedures in the United States and those deaths which remain incompletely understood or entirely unexplained. It discusses the evolution of our understanding and practice in the area of sudden, unexpected pediatric death investigation, covering the changing philosophies and medical theories as to causation and changing investigative and certification strategies. Procedural guidance for investigation, autopsy and ancillary testing, certification and reporting, and key considerations for prevention, research and working with family members and other professional team members are provided.The path to production of this publication began in 2016 when the National Association of Medical Examiners received a scientific grant from the SUDC Foundation called "Sudden Death in Pediatrics: Consensus for Investigation, Certification, Research Direction and Family Needs" to convene, in collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics, an expert panel to identify and discuss the diverse issues and limitations surrounding these deaths and build a foundation for national consensus. The combined effort of a panel of medical examiners, pediatricians, and federal agency representatives, representing the diverse interests of death investigation, autopsy performance, certification, clinical subspecialties (pediatrics, neurology, cardiology, child abuse, injury prevention, infectious diseases, genetics, and metabolic diseases), family needs, prevention, and epidemiology, culminated in this publication.
Download or read book 2012 ICD 10 CM Draft Standard Edition E Book written by Carol J. Buck and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 1848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Code accurately and efficiently with Carol J. Buck's 2012 ICD-10-CM Draft Standard Edition. Using Netter's Anatomy illustrations and the Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting (OGCR) with a format designed by coders for coders, this handy reference simplifies diagnosis coding to ensure accurate billing and optimal reimbursement for outpatient medical services. Illustrations and explanations of A&P, pathology, and medical terminology make it easier to develop the knowledge needed to assign the appropriate codes. Coverage of ICD-10-CM codes prepares you for the new code set replacing ICD-9-CM Volumes 1 & 2 for physician-based (outpatient) coding. 32 full-color Netter anatomy images are included in the front of the book, helping you understand complex anatomy and how it affects coding. Photos and illustrations help you understand difficult terminology, diseases/conditions, and special coding considerations. Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting (OGCR) are included within the list of codes and in a separate index for fast, easy access to coding rules when you need them. Numerous Annotations and Items throughout the Disease Tabular explain common diseases and conditions, helping you code more accurately. Symbols for Unacceptable First-Listed Diagnosis, Use Additional Character(s), Unspecified, Complications and Comorbidities (CC) and Major Complications and Comorbities (MCC), Includes and Excludes, Code First, and Code Also clearly identify codes that will need special consideration to ensure accurate coding. NEW! Age and Sex edits from the Medicare Code Editor alert you to codes that are used only with patients of a specific age or sex, helping to ensure accurate reporting Present on Admission symbol highlights the diseases that will always be coded as present on admission. Hospital Acquired Condition symbol notes specific conditions that will always be coded as hospital acquired for easier recognition.
