Download or read book THE TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY BY DAPHNIA PULEX written by SUMNER RICHMAN and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolution from a Thermodynamic Perspective written by Carl F Jordan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Survival of the fittest” is a tautology, because those that are “fit” are the ones that survive, but to survive, a species must be “fit”. Modern evolutionary theory avoids the problem by defining fitness as reproductive success, but the complexity of life that we see today could not have evolved based on selection that favors only reproductive ability. There is nothing inherent in reproductive success alone that could result in higher forms of life. Evolution from a Thermodynamic Perspective presents a non-circular definition of fitness and a thermodynamic definition of evolution. Fitness means maximization of power output, necessary to survive in a competitive world. Evolution is the “storage of entropy”. “Entropy storage” means that solar energy, instead of dissipating as heat in the Earth, is stored in the structure of living organisms and ecosystems. Part one explains this in terms comprehensible to a scientific audience beyond biophysicists and ecosystem modelers. Part two applies thermodynamic theory in non-esoteric language to sustainability of agriculture, and to conservation of endangered species. While natural systems are stabilized by feedback, agricultural systems remain in a mode of perpetual growth, pressured by balance of trade and by a swelling population. The constraints imposed by thermodynamic laws are being increasingly felt as economic expansion destabilizes resource systems on which expansion depends.
Download or read book Physiology of the Cladocera written by Nikolai N. Smirnov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiology of the Cladocera, Second Edition, is a much-needed summary of foundational information on these increasingly important model organisms. This unique and valuable review is based on the world's literature, including Russian research not previously widely available, and offers systematically arranged data on the physiology of Cladocera, assisting with explanation of their life and distribution. It features the addition of new sections and a vast amount of new information, such as the latest data on feeding, nutrition, pathological physiology, chemical composition, neurosecretion, and behavior, as well as hormonal regulation, antioxidants, and the biochemical background of effects of natural and anthropogenic factors. Additional expertly updated contributions in genetics and cytology, and a new chapter in embryology, round out the physiological chapters, and provide comprehensive insight into the state of knowledge of Cladocera and their underlying mechanisms. Cladocera crustaceans have become globally studied for many purposes, including genetic, molecular, ecological, environmental, water quality, systematics, and evolutionary biology research. Since the genome of Daphnia was sequenced and published, that system has gained much wider exposure, also leading to a rapidly growing awareness of the importance of understanding physiological processes as they relate to evolutionary and ecological genomics as well as ecogenomic toxicology. However, the physiological background on Cladocera has been fragmentary (including on the other 700 known species besides Daphnia), despite the extensive literature on species identification and morphology. This work addresses this issue by collecting and synthesizing from the literature the state of knowledge of cladoceran physiology, including discussion on both adequately and inadequately investigated fields, and thus directions of future research. - Summarizes fundamental information obtained in recent years, including on steroids, antioxidants, hormones, nanoparticles, and impact of wastewater of pharmaceutical industries - Provides the foundational information needed for scientists and practitioners from a variety of fields, including conservation and evolutionary biology, genomics, ecology, ecotoxicology, comparative physiology, limnology, zoology–carcinology, and water quality assessment - Features coverage of both Daphniids and representatives of other families, with attention drawn to little-studied aspects of their physiology, especially of those living in the litt oral zone - Includes guidance to the literature on cladoceran physiology in four languages - Discusses advantages and shortcomings of Cladocera as experimental animals and indicators of water quality
Download or read book NUREG CR written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report NC written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Food Chains written by John H. Steele and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1970-01-01 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Methods written by T.R. Southwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The virtual impossibility of extracting the many different species from a habitat with equal efficiency by a single method (e.g. Nef, 1960). 1.1 Population estimates Population estimates can be classified into a number of different types; the most convenient classification is that adopted by Morris (1955), although he used the terms somewhat differently in a later paper (1960). 1.1.1 Absolute and related estimates The animal numbers may be expressed as a density per unit area of the ground of the habitat. Such estimates are given by nearest neighbour and related techniques (Chapter 2), marking and recapture (Chapter 3), by sampling a known fraction of the habitat (Chapter 4-6) and by removal sampling and random walk techniques (Chapter 7). Absolute population The number of animals per unit area (e.g. hectare, acre). It is almost impossible to construct a budget or to study mortality factors without the conversion of population estimates to absolute figures, for not only do insects often move from the plant to the soil at different developmental stages, but the amount of plant material is itself always changing. The importance of obtaining absolute estimates cannot be overemphasized.
Download or read book Wetzel s Limnology written by Ian D. Jones and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-16 with total page 1105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetzel's Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, Fourth Edition, presents a fully updated revision of the classic textbook Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems - last published in 2001. The coverage has been thoroughly updated with recent research and theoretical developments. Each chapter of this edited volume has been written by an expert, or team of experts, providing a comprehensive and global perspective, with the editors working closely with the authors to maintain continuity within and between the chapters. This is not only an essential textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in limnology but also a standard reference book for seasoned limnologists and other scientists. - Chapters from the third edition have been updated by an international team of experts, incorporating developments from the past two decades - Several new chapters have been added, reflecting exciting developments in the field of limnology - New color illustrations and images throughout - Detailed summaries at the end of each chapter
Download or read book Readings in Animal Energetics written by Robert H. Catlett and published by Ardent Media. This book was released on 1973 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategies and Tactics for Management of Fertilized Hatchery Ponds written by Douglas Tave and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-01-26 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You?ll learn strategies and tactics that can be used to improve production and efficiency in the propagation of fingerlings in fertilized hatchery ponds. This book covers the production of a variety of fish, as well as shrimp, and provides a framework for a systems approach to management decisionmaking. Chapters present information that can be used to improve ecological efficiencies and the economics of production. Strategies and Tactics for Management of Fertilized Hatchery Ponds explains the systems approach to management. In the future, the most effective hatchery managers will base management decisions on information that is site- and pond-specific. This book provides you with needed information on organic and inorganic fertilizer materials; dynamics of water quality; pond filling schedules; biological control of problem organisms; fingerling production of walleye, striped bass, paddlefish, largemouth bass, and others. Readers find solutions to several common problems and learn about the processes needed to solve others. Chapters help answer questions important to the success and effectiveness of management of fertilized hatchery ponds such as: What kinds or sources of nutrients should be purchased? How much time and water are needed before larvae are stocked? What density and age of fish should be stocked? How can a satisfactory quality of larvae and environmental variables be achieved so that fish survive stocking and initiate normal feeding and growth? Has the initial survival and growth been satisfactory, or should the pond be drawn down and restocked? What kind and how much fertilizer should be added to a given pond? This book provides you with information essential for making hatchery ponds as effective and efficient as possible. Whether you?re a fish hatchery manager, student of aquaculture, or agency or academic researcher involved in hatchery management, you will find Strategies and Tactics for Management of Fertilized Hatchery Ponds an indispensable guide for your daily work and studies.
Download or read book Limnology written by Robert G. Wetzel and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-04-06 with total page 1023 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comparative treatment of topics accross lake, reservoir, and rive ecosystems. These analysis do indeed indicate differences among the properties of lakes, land-water interface regions, reservoirs, and rivers. Importantly, these analysis also indicate marked commonality in function.
Download or read book Ecology written by and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publishes essays and articles that report and interpret the results of original scientific research in basic and applied ecology.
Download or read book Concepts of Ecosystem Ecology written by Lawrence R. Pomeroy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume 19 leading experts offer a timely and coherent overview of the fundamental principles of ecosystem science. They examine the flux of energy and biologically essential elements and their associated food webs in major terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, such as forests, grasslands, cultivated land, streams, coral reefs, and ocean basins. In each case, interactions between different eosystems, predictive models, and the application of ecosystem research to the management of natural resources are given special emphasis. A number of theoretical chapters provide a synthesis through critical discussion of current concepts of ecosystem energetics and dynamics.
Download or read book Individual Based Models and Approaches In Ecology written by D. L. DeAngelis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until fairly recently, populations were handled as homogenized averages, which made modeling feasible but which ignored the essential fact that in any population there is a great variety of individuals of different ages, sizes, and degrees of fitness. Recently, because of the increased availability of affordable computer power, approaches have been developed which are able to recognize individual differences. Individual-based models are of great use in the areas of aquatic ecology, terrestrial ecology, landscape or physiological ecology, terrestrial ecology, landscape or physiological ecology, and agriculture. This book discusses which biological problems individual-based models can solve, as well as the models' inherent limitations. It explores likely future directions of theoretical development in these models, as well as currently feasible management applications and the best mathematical approaches and computer languages to use. The book also details specific applications to theory and management.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ecology written by Brian D. Fath and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-11-03 with total page 4292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The groundbreaking Encyclopedia of Ecology provides an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of the complete field of ecology, from general to applied. It includes over 500 detailed entries, structured to provide the user with complete coverage of the core knowledge, accessed as intuitively as possible, and heavily cross-referenced. Written by an international team of leading experts, this revolutionary encyclopedia will serve as a one-stop-shop to concise, stand-alone articles to be used as a point of entry for undergraduate students, or as a tool for active researchers looking for the latest information in the field. Entries cover a range of topics, including: Behavioral Ecology Ecological Processes Ecological Modeling Ecological Engineering Ecological Indicators Ecological Informatics Ecosystems Ecotoxicology Evolutionary Ecology General Ecology Global Ecology Human Ecology System Ecology The first reference work to cover all aspects of ecology, from basic to applied Over 500 concise, stand-alone articles are written by prominent leaders in the field Article text is supported by full-color photos, drawings, tables, and other visual material Fully indexed and cross referenced with detailed references for further study Writing level is suited to both the expert and non-expert Available electronically on ScienceDirect shortly upon publication
