Download or read book The Thermodynamics of Soil Solutions written by Garrison Sposito and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1981 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the fundamental concepts of chemical thermodynamics, relating them to soils and soil solutions and goes on to discuss the application of chemical thermodynamics to solubility, electrochemical, and ion-exchange in soils.
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Soil Nutrient Bioavailability written by Kodoth Prabhakaran Nair and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focusses on the thermodynamics of soil nutrient bioavailability, and in particular the most important plant nutrients such as, phosphorus and potassium, among major nutrients, and zinc among micronutrients. It proposes a paradigm shift in the approach to global soil testing procedures. Historically, soil testing has been used to quantify availability of essential plant nutrients to field-grown crops. However, contemporary soil tests are based on philosophies and procedures developed several decades ago, without significant changes in their general approach. For a soil test to be accurate, one needs to clearly understand the physico-chemico-physiological processes at the soil-root interface and, an understanding of soils and plant root systems as polycationic systems is essential. It is this knowledge that leads to sound prescriptive soil nutrient management inasmuch as soil nutrient bioavailability vis-à-vis fertilizer application is concerned, because, of all the factors which govern sustainability in crop production, the nutrient factor is the most important, yet, it is also least resilient to management. This book provides a clear scientific basis of the thermodynamics of soil nutrient bio availability, which routine soil testing does not provide
Download or read book Soil Physical Chemistry written by Donald L. Sparks and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Physical Chemistry, Second Edition takes up where the last edition left off. With comprehensive and contemporary discussions on equilibrium and kinetic aspects of major soil chemical process and reactions this excellent text/reference presents new chapters on precipitation/dissolution, modeling of adsorption reactions at the mineral/water interface, and the chemistry of humic substances. An emphasis is placed on understanding soil chemical reactions from a microscopic point of view and rigorous theoretical developments such as the use of modern in situ surface chemical probes such as x-ray adsorption fine structure (XAFS), Fournier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies, and scanning probe microscopies (SPM) are discussed.
Download or read book Chemistry of Soil Solutions written by Adel M. Elprince and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Soil Sciences Two Volume Set written by Pan Ming Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 2272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An evolving, living organic/inorganic covering, soil is in dynamic equilibrium with the atmosphere above, the biosphere within, and the geology below. It acts as an anchor for roots, a purveyor of water and nutrients, a residence for a vast community of microorganisms and animals, a sanitizer of the environment, and a source of raw materials for co
Download or read book Soil Solution Chemistry written by Jeffrey D. Wolt and published by . This book was released on 1994-10-07 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symbols. Periodic table of the elements. Chemical distribution in soil environments. The soil solution. Chemical statics and dynamics applied to soil solution. Master variables. Obtaining soil solution: laboratory manual. Obtaining soil solution: field methods. Soil solution composition. Quantity-intensity relationships. Mineral stability and pedogenesis. Chemical availability. Soil solution aluminum. Trace metals in soil solution. Dissolved and colloidal organics. Xenobiotics in soil solution.
Download or read book Chemical Equilibria and Kinetics in Soils written by Garrison Sposito and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1994 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a unified, comprehensive account of the important chemical processes in soils that can be described by reactions. The perspective taken is that of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics applied to soil systems in detail in order to provide an understanding of phenomena ranging from complexation reactions to colloidal flocculation. Problem sets are included at the end of each chapter.
Download or read book Handbook of Soil Science written by Malcolm E. Sumner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 2240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Soil Science provides a resource rich in data that gives professional soil scientists, agronomists, engineers, ecologists, biologists, naturalists, and their students a handy reference about the discipline of soil science. This handbook serves professionals seeking specific, factual reference information. Each subsection includes a description of concepts and theories; definitions; approaches; methodologies and procedures; tabular data; figures; and extensive references.
Download or read book Soil Clays written by G. Jock Churchman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the human population grows from seven billion toward an inevitable nine or 10 billion, the demands on the limited supply of soils will grow and intensify. Soils are essential for the sustenance of almost all plants and animals, including humans, but soils are virtually infinitely variable. Clays are the most reactive and interactive inorganic compounds in soils. Clays in soils often differ from pure clay minerals of geological origin. They provide a template for most of the reactive organic matter in soils. They directly affect plant nutrients, soil temperature and pH, aggregate sizes and strength, porosity and water-holding capacities. This book aims to help improve predictions of important properties of soils through a modern understanding of their highly reactive clay minerals as they are formed and occur in soils worldwide. It examines how clays occur in soils and the role of soil clays in disparate applications including plant nutrition, soil structure, and water-holding capacity, soil quality, soil shrinkage and swelling, carbon sequestration, pollution control and remediation, medicine, forensic investigation, and deciphering human and environmental histories. Features: Provides information on the conditions that lead to the formation of clay minerals in soils Distinguishes soil clays and types of clay minerals Describes clay mineral structures and their origins Describes occurrences and associations of clays in soil Details roles of clays in applications of soils Heavily illustrated with photos, diagrams, and electron micrographs Includes user-friendly description of a new method of identification To know soil clays is to enable their use toward achieving improvements in the management of soils for enhancing their performance in one or more of their three main functions of enabling plant growth, regulating water flow to plants, and buffering environmental changes. This book provides an easily-read and extensively-illustrated description of the nature, formation, identification, occurrence and associations, measurement, reactivities, and applications of clays in soils.
Download or read book Soil Chemistry written by Hinrich L. Bohn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-11-11 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the basics of soil chemistry Although only a meter in depth over the earth's surface, soil is key to sustaining life-affecting air and water quality, the growth of plants and crops, and the health of the entire planet. The complex interplay among organic and inorganic solids, air, water, microorganisms, and plant roots in soil is the subject of Soil Chemistry, a reference pivotal to understanding soil processes and problems. Thoroughly reorganized for ease of use, this updated Third Edition of Soil Chemistry summarizes the important research and fundamental knowledge in the field in a single, readily usable text, including: Soil-ion interactions Biogeological cycles and pollution Water and soil solutions Oxidation and reduction Inorganic solid phase and organic matter in soil Weathering and soil development Cation retention (exchange) Anion and molecular retention Acid and salt-affected soils New to the Third Edition is an enhanced emphasis on soil solution chemistry and expanded coverage of phosphate chemistry and the chemical principles of the aqueous phase. At the same time, the book has retained the clear examination of the fundamentals of the science of soil that has distinguished earlier editions. Complete with SI units and end-of-chapter study questions, Soil Chemistry is an excellent introductory resource for students studying this crucial topic.
Download or read book Soil and Water Chemistry written by Michael E. Essington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-10-29 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally the study of chemical principles as they relate to soil has been limited to the field of agronomics. Soil and Water Chemistry: An Integrative Approach, stands alone because it balances agricultural and environmental perspectives in its analysis of the chemical properties and processes that affect organic and inorganic soil subs
Download or read book Soil Chemistry written by Daniel G. Strawn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil is key to sustaining life—affecting air and water quality, the growth of plants and crops, and the health of the entire planet. Soil Chemistry 4e provides comprehensive coverage of the chemical interactions among organic and inorganic solids, air, water, microorganisms, and the plant roots in soil. The fourth edition of Soil Chemistry has been revised and updated throughout and provides a basic description of important research and fundamental knowledge in the field. The text covers chemical processes that occur in soils, including: distribution and species of nutrients and contaminants in soils; aqueous chemistry of soil solutions and mineral dissolution; oxidation and reduction reactions in soils; soil mineral formation processes and properties; the formation and reactivity of soil organic matter; surface chemistry and cation, anion, and organic compound adsorption reactions; modelling soil chemical reactions; and reactions in acid and salt affected soils. Although extensively revised with updated figures and tables, the fourth edition maintains the focus on introductory soil chemistry that has distinguished earlier editions. New chapters on properties of elements relevant to soil chemistry, and a chapter with special focus on soil surface characteristics have been added. Special Topics boxes are also included in the Fourth Edition that includes examples, noteworthy topics, and case studies. End of chapter questions are included as a resource for teaching.
Download or read book Soil Pollution written by Bruno Yaron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soil is the medium through which pollutants originating from human activities, both in agriculture and industry, move from the land surfaces to groundwater. Polluting substances are subject to complex physical, chemical and biological transformations during their movement through the soil. Their displacement depends on the transport properties of the water-air-soil system and on the molecular properties of the pollutants. Prediction of soil pollution and restoration of polluted soils requires an under standing of the processes controlling the fate of pollutants in the soil medium and of the dynamics of the contaminants in the un saturated zone. Our book was conceived· as a basic overview of the processes governing the behavior of pollutants as affected by soil constituents and environmental factors. It was written for the use of specialists working on soil and unsaturated zone pollution and restoration, as well as for graduate students starting research in this field. Since many specialists working on soil restoration lack a back ground in soil science or a knowledge of the properties of soil pollutants, we have included this information which forms the first part of the book. In the second part, we discuss the partitioning of pollutants between the aqueous, solid and gaseous phase of the soil medium. The retention, transformation and transport of pollutants in the soils form the third section.
Download or read book Advances in Soil Science written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world needs for food and fiber continue to increase. Population growth in the developing countries peaked at 2. 4 percent a year in 1965 and has fallen to about 2. I percent. However, in many developing countries almost half the people are under 15 years of age, poised to enter their productive and reproductive years. The challenges to produce enough food for this growing population will remain great. Even more challenging is growing the food in the areas of greatest need. Presently the world has great surpluses of food and fiber in some areas while there are devastating deficiencies in other areas. Economic conditions and the lack of suitable infrastructure for distribution all too often limit the alleviation of hunger even when there are adequate supplies, sometimes even within the country itself. World hunger can only be solved in the long run by increasing crop production in the areas where the population is growing most rapidly. This will require increased efforts of both the developed and developing countries. Much of the technology that is so successful for crop production in the developed countries cannot be utilized directly in the developing countries. Many of the principles, however, can and must be adapted to the conditions, both physical and economic, of the developing countries. This series, Advances in Soil Science.
Download or read book Soil Salinity under Irrigation written by I. Shainberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of irrigation in the world's agriculture is rapidly increasing. Although it is practised on a large scale mainly in arid and semi-arid zones, supplementary irrigation is becoming popular in semi-humid regions as well. The record of irrigation speaks for itself in terms of increased crop production. However, the question remains as to how permanent the achievement may be. Judging from history, it seems that irrigation eventually failed in many regions because the knowledge and technology available to society at the time were incapable of coping with the problems created. Undoubtedly soil salinity is the most prevalent and widespread problem limiting crop productivity in irrigated agriculture. It has, therefore, attracted the attention of the scientific community since the advent of modern agronomic research. Through the past six to seven decades a considerable body of information has been accumulated, which has promoted the understanding of the principles involved and helped to develop the technology for coping with the problems. Our present knowledge, if judiciously applied, is adequate for coping with many of the salinity problems resulting from mismanagement of irrigation and drainage. But for this knowledge to be used, it has to be generally known and understood and be re-examined from time to time.
Download or read book Microbial Processes in Reservoirs written by D. Gunnison and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of producing a book on the activities of sence of bottom versus surface withdrawal all have microorganisms in reservoirs had its origins in an a bearing on microbial processes. In addition, res article published by the editor in ASM News (De ervoirs are often constructed in areas where there cember 1981, 47:527-531). Many individuals ex are few, if any, natural lakes . In this regard, reser pressed an interest in having the article expanded voirs are also often distinct from natural lakes, and into a book on this subject. Several people were that meteorologic, hydrologic, geo to the extent contacted and asked if they would be willing to logic, and edaphic factors make a difference, reser contribute chapters to the book. The interest dis voir microbiology will also be different. Finally, the played by many persons outside the area of reser creation of a new reservoir offers the sediment voir microbiology was encouraging, as was the in microbiologist a unique opportunity to view the spiration of the contributors themselves. We were transformation of terrestrial environments into subsequently approached by Dr. L. Harold Steven aquatic ecosystems.
Download or read book Interactions at the Soil Colloid written by G.H. Bolt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About 20 years ago the emphasis in soil chemistry research switched from studies of problems related to scarcities of plant nutrients to those arising from soil pollutants. The new problems have come about because of the excessive uses of fertilizers, the inputs from farm and industrial wastes, the widespread applications of anthropogenie xenobiotic chemicals, and the deterioration of soil structure resulting from certain modern agriculture practises. The International Society of Soil Science (ISSS) recognized these problems and challenges. A provisional Working Group was set up in 1978 to focus attention on soil colloids with a view to understanding better the interactions wh ich take place at their surfaces. It was recognized that these interactions are fundamental to problems of soil fertility, as weIl as to those of soil pollution. After the group had received the official support of ISSS at its 12th International Congress in New Delhi in 1982 it set as its priority the assembling and evaluation of information, relevant to the soil and environmental sciences, concerning the composition and structure of soil colloids. Prior to that aseries of Position Papers were published in the Bulletin of the International Society of Soil Science (Vol. 61, 1981) outlining the state of knowledge about the composition and properties of soil colloids.
