Download or read book The Surface Chemistry of Natural Particles written by Garrison Sposito and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the development of both experiment and theory in natural surface particle chemistry. It emphasizes insights gained over the past few years, and concentrates on molecular spectroscopy, kinetics, and equilibrium as they apply to natural particle surface reactions in aqueous media. The discussion, divided among five chapters, is complemented by lengthy annotations, reading suggestions, and end-of-chapter problem sets that require a critical reading of important technical journal articles.
Download or read book Aquatic Surface Chemistry written by Werner Stumm and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-05-11 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The solid-solution interface. Adsorption mechanisms in aquatic surface chemistry. Adsorption mechanisms. Organic compounds. Inorganic compounds. The electric double layer at the solid-solution interface. Electronic work function and potential of zero charge. Single-crystal electrodes. The problem of polycrystalline electrodes. Specific ionic adsorption. Adsorption of neutral molecules. Chemisorption and surface mobility. A two-phase model for the interpretation of proton and metal ion interaction with charged polyelectrolyte gels and their linear analogs. Development of the unified model. Application of the unified model to the interpretation of proton and metal-ion interaction with various charged polymeric systems. The surface chemistry of oxides, hydroxides, and oxide minerals. Coordination chemistry of the oxide-water interface. Acid-base characteristics of surface hydroxyl groups. Metal complexes. Adsorption of anions. Ternary surface complexes. Aspects of the molecular structure in surface complexes; spectroscopic investigations. Cation adsorption. Anion and organic ligand adsorption. Final considerations. Surface chemical processes in soil. Soil materials. Available models. Applicability of the models to the soil water system. The formation and dissolution of solid phases. The hydrolysis of iron in synthetic, biological, and aquatic media. Mononuclear aquahydroxo complexes of iron (III) and the primary steps of polynuclear growth. Hydrolysis in salt solutions. Iron hydrolysis in cells. Aquatic media: hydrolysis induced by oxidation of ferrous ions. The morphological variety of hydrolysis products. The dissolution of oxides and aluminum silicates; examples of surface-coordination-controlled kinetics. Surface-controlled dissolution. The ligand-promoted dissolution of ... The proton-promoted dissolution of hydrous oxides. Kinetic dependence on solute concentrations; fractional reaction orders. Weathering. The role of chemical weathering in the neutralization of acids. Reductive dissolution of metal oxides. Oxidation state and solubility. The geochemical setting. Dissolution without changes in oxidation state. Mechanism of reductive dissolution. Kinetics of reductive dissolution: simple models. Kinetics of reductive dissolution: additional considerations. Adsorption of redox-inert species. Effects of oxide mineralogy and surface structure. Experimental verification of theory. Monte Carlo simulations of surface reaction rate laws. Surface reaction rate laws: simple models. Dislocations. Monte Carlo model. Results and discussion. Dislocations with a strain field included. New evidence for the mechanisms of dissolution of silicate minerals. Evidence of surface reaction control during dissolution of silicate minerals. New data on the dissolution of silicates and the surface reaction hypothesis. Concluding remarks. Regulating the composition of natural waters. Surface chemical aspects of the distribution and fate of metal ions in lakes. Interactions of metal ions with surfaces of natural particles. Interaction of metal ions with biota: simple chemical models. The role of settling particles in the vertical transport of metal ions in lakes. Interpretation of metal complexation by heterogeneous complexants. Background: metals and ligands. Measurement of metal-ligand complexation equilibrium data. Representation of complexation equilibria. Application of the G(K') function to interpretation of heterogeneous complexant properties (Using Metal-Fulvic Interaction). Particle-particle interactions. Particle transport. Chemical aspects. A physicochemical synthesis. Environmental applications. The role of colloids in the partitioning of solutes in natural waters. Surface reactions of ions and polar compounds. Organic film solvation of hydrophobic compounds. Strange observations. Experimental artifacts. Reversibility of colloid aggregation. Artifacts and reality. Coagulation kinetics and simulations of particle-size distributions. Size distributions in peptizable suspensions. Apparent partition coefficients in natural waters. Abiotic transformation of organic chemicals at the particle-water interface. Kinetic models and equations. Heterogeneous organic reactions in sediment suspensions. Heterogeneous photoreactions. The role particles in regulating the composition of seawater. Particle in the ocean. Classification of deep-ocean profiles. Deep-ocean profiles of the elements. From molecules to planetary environments: understanding global change. Change. Observation. Earth convection: megaprocesses: geochemical cycles. Erosion. Bioprecipitation.
Download or read book Aquatic Surface Chemistry written by Werner Stumm and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1987-05-11 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive contributed volume presents an account of current research and applications of chemical processes occurring at the interfaces of water with naturally occuring solids. Interactions of solutes with the solid surfaces are looked at from a mechanistic and dynamic point of view rather than a descriptive one. Processes discussed and concepts presented are applicable to all natural waters (oceans and fresh waters as well as soil and sediment water systems) and to the surfaces of natural solids such as minerals, soils, sediments, biota, and humus. Chapters progress from theoretical models and laboratory studies to applications in natural water, soil, and geochemical systems, emphasizing those processes that regulate the distribution and concentration of elements and compounds. Topics covered include adsorption mechanisms in aquatic surface chemistry, the electric double layer at the solid-solution interface, aspects of molecular structure in surface complexes: spectroscopic investigations, interpretation of metal complexation by heterogeneous complexants, the role of colloids in the partitioning of solutes in natural waters, and 'from molecules to planetary environments': understanding global change.
Download or read book Principles of Surface Chemistry written by Gabor A. Somorjai and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry written by Paul C. Hiemenz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural and Engineered Clay Barriers written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-14 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clays are used as barriers for the isolation of landfills and contaminated sites. They are envisioned as long-term storage media for hazardous materials and radioactive wastes, and as seals in the case of geological CO2 sequestration or energy storage. Clay properties greatly influence the integrity, efficiency, and safety of these applications. Natural and Engineered Clay Barriers provides a clear view of the fundamental properties of clay materials and how these properties affect their engineering applications. This volume focuses on how the mass transfer properties (hydraulic permeability, gas fluxes, molecular diffusion, semi-permeable membrane properties), geochemical reactivity (adsorption, dissolution) and mechanical properties of clay barriers at the macroscale are influenced by phenomena that occur at clay mineral - water interfaces. Examines clay properties from the molecular to the macroscopic scale Addresses experimental and modeling issues Authored by experts in the properties of clay barriers
Download or read book Environmental Particles written by Jacques Buffle and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1992, Environmental Particles describes properties, roles, and methods for the characterization of environmental particles in air, water, sediment, and soil. This book emphasizes modern methods for sampling, instrumental characterization methods, and physical/chemical principles for describing the properties and roles of particles in the environment (particularly their influence on the transport of toxic compounds). It will be an excellent reference source for environmental chemists and physicists, limnologists, oceanographers, air and soil scientists, analytical chemists, environmental engineers, scientists involved in environmental protection, and students.
Download or read book Environmental Colloids and Particles written by Kevin J. Wilkinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the current knowledge of environmental colloids and includes reviews of the current understanding of structure, role and behaviour of environmental colloids and particles, whilst focussing directly on aquatic systems and soils. In addition, there is substantial critical assessment of the techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles. Chemical, physical and biological processes and interactions involving colloids are described, and particular attention is paid to quantitative approaches that take account of particle heterogeneity and polydispersity. Presents critical reviews of the state-of-the-art knowledge of environmental colloids Critical assessment of techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles are given Theoretical and experimental aspects of the methods as well as the required developments and possible recommendations are discussed Each chapter gives a brief introduction general enough for the non-specialist Written by a internationally recognized group of contributors
Download or read book Chemical and Biological Regulation of Aquatic Systems written by Jacques Buffle and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-12-21 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical and Biological Regulation of Aquatic Systems covers the fundamentals of chemical and microbial process that control the quality of surface water. Topics discussed include the nature and environmental role of surface, complexation and redox reactions; fluxes in the water column and at sediment-water interface; bioavailability; intra- and extra-cellular processes; interactions of microbes with their environment; and microbial ecology. Basic principles are clearly explained and important examples are described in each case. For each environmental process, the respective roles of chemistry and biology are explained. The book features 600 references, 140 figures, and 55 tables. It's an excellent text for students in environmental sciences, researchers involved in quality control, and government and industry professionals who need to learn the fundamentals of an integrated approach to aquatic systems.
Download or read book Surface Chemistry written by Lloyd I. Osipow and published by Krieger Publishing Company. This book was released on 1972 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Particle Deposition and Aggregation written by M. Elimelech and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-08-07 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deposition and aggregation of small solid particles are encountered in many natural and industrial environments. Whether it be deposition of particles onto a surface immersed in a liquid suspension or aggregateion of individual particles, these processes are of enotmous significance. They are vital to the manufacture of magnetic tape, purification of water using packed bed filters, selective capture of solids, cells and macromolecular species, and many other applications. This book presents a unified approach to the measurement, modelling and simulation of these processes, bringing together the disciplines of colliod and surface chemistry, hydrodynamics, and experimental and computational methods. It will be required reading for graduates working in process and environmental engineering, postgraduates involved in industrial R & D and for all scientists wishing to gain a more detailed and realistic understanding of process conditions in these areas.
Download or read book Challenges in Characterizing Small Particles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-02 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small particles are ubiquitous in the natural and built worlds and have tremendous impact throughout. However, a lack of understanding about the properties and chemical composition of small particles limits our ability to predict, and control their applications and impacts. Challenges in Characterizing Small Particles: Exploring Particles from the Nano- to Microscales summarizes presentations and discussions at a 2010 National Academies roundtable. Speakers at this roundtable discussed the crucial types of information that need to be determined about small particles in different media. They also explored the critical importance of small particles in environmental science, materials and chemical sciences, biological science, and engineering, and the many challenges involved in characterizing materials at the nano- and microscales. The discussions on characterization included static, dynamic, experimental, computational, and theoretical characterization. The workshop also included several "research tool" presentations that highlighted new advances in characterizing small particles.
Download or read book Challenges in Characterizing Small Particles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small particles are ubiquitous in the natural and built worlds and have tremendous impact throughout. However, a lack of understanding about the properties and chemical composition of small particles limits our ability to predict, and control their applications and impacts. Challenges in Characterizing Small Particles: Exploring Particles from the Nano- to Microscales summarizes presentations and discussions at a 2010 National Academies roundtable. Speakers at this roundtable discussed the crucial types of information that need to be determined about small particles in different media. They also explored the critical importance of small particles in environmental science, materials and chemical sciences, biological science, and engineering, and the many challenges involved in characterizing materials at the nano- and microscales. The discussions on characterization included static, dynamic, experimental, computational, and theoretical characterization. The workshop also included several "research tool" presentations that highlighted new advances in characterizing small particles.
Download or read book The Physics and Chemistry of Mineral Surfaces written by Patrick V. Brady and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have brought a near exponential increase in the amount known about mineral surfaces. Get a handle on this overwhelming mountain of information with The Physics and Chemistry of Mineral Surfaces. This much-needed text will save you hours of tedious journal searches by providing an excellent condensation and overview of the entire field, including its future direction. Top researchers outline atomistic controls on mineral surface structure and reactions; apply these concepts to explain sorption, mineral corrosion and growth; and ultimately consider the role of surfaces in environmental and geochemical processes. This unique text provides a rich and rigorous treatment of these subjects by combining surface physics and chemistry - highlighting their useful, yet often ignored, complementary nature. Unlike other texts, The Physics and Chemistry of Mineral Surfaces also stresses the linkage between fundamentals of mineral surface science and specific real-world problems. This connection facilitates the application of surface physics and chemistry to macroscopic, global processes, such as the origins of life, global warming, and environment degradation. Nowhere else will you find a text on this topic that combines expansive coverage with clear-cut practical applications. Don't miss out! The Physics and Chemistry of Mineral Surfaces has it all.
Download or read book Surface Chemistry of Flotation written by Zhiyong Gao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Surface Chemistry Essentials written by K. S. Birdi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface chemistry plays an important role in everyday life, as the basis for many phenomena as well as technological applications. Common examples range from soap bubbles, foam, and raindrops to cosmetics, paint, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. Additional areas that rely on surface chemistry include modern nanotechnology, medical diagnostics, and d
Download or read book Colloids in the Aquatic Environment written by Th. F. Tadros and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloids in the Aquatic Environment covers the proceedings of the International Symposium by the same title, held at the University College London on September 7-9, 1992, organized by the SCI Colloid and Surface Chemistry Group. This book is divided into 20 chapters and begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of surface structure and reactivity. The succeeding chapters deal with molecular mass determination of humic substances from natural waters, the biospecific mechanism of double layer formation, the dynamics of colloid deposition in porous media, and the evaluation of surface area and size distributions of soil particles. These topics are followed by discussions of the transport and capture of colloids; colloidal stability of natural organic matter; the hydrolytic precipitation and modeling ion binding by humic acids; and the thermodynamic aspects and photoelectrophoresis of colloids. Other chapters explore the colloidal transfer in several aquatic environments. The final chapters consider the mechanism of colloid detachment, speciation, partitioning, and stability. These chapters also look into a hybrid equilibrium model of solute transport in porous media in the presence of colloids. This book will be of great value to civil and environmental engineers.
