Download or read book The Study of a Behavioral Intervention to Close the Black white Achievement Gap Among Middle School Students written by Darrell A. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigator conducted a quasi-experimental study of achievement in a middle school, to test the effectiveness of a homework motivator grid posted by teachers in classrooms. The homework motivator grid was a simple check off procedure by which teachers in a treatment group regularly posted feedback on the completion of homework assignments each week. A modest reward scheme was elected to focus greater attention on homework without creating a dependency on extrinsic motivation.
Download or read book Stopping disruptive behaviors and closing the academic achievement gap in urban middle schools written by Hilary Anne Joslin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has shown that the academic achievement gap between urban middle school students and students in suburban schools and elsewhere still exists. This is largely in part due to continuous disruptive behaviors in the classroom that take the focus, time, and energy of the teacher away from student engagement and learning and instead places it on the disruptive behavior. This shift in focus is not conducive to high academic achievement and is furthermore a disservice to those students who are engaged and ready to learn. Studies have suggested that an increase in parent/community involvement, building relationships with students, positive behavior intervention supports, and being culturally responsive can diminish, if not eliminate, disruptive behavior often experienced in urban middle schools. This project offers teachers at Muskegon Heights Middle School Academy a quick reference handbook with a menu of strategies that can be used to get students back on track without further focus and attention on the disruptive student.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2009-07 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Black White Test Score Gap written by Christopher Jencks and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The test score gap between blacks and whites—on vocabulary, reading, and math tests, as well as on tests that claim to measure scholastic aptitude and intelligence--is large enough to have far-reaching social and economic consequences. In their introduction to this book, Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips argue that eliminating the disparity would dramatically reduce economic and educational inequality between blacks and whites. Indeed, they think that closing the gap would do more to promote racial equality than any other strategy now under serious discussion. The book offers a comprehensive look at the factors that contribute to the test score gap and discusses options for substantially reducing it. Although significant attempts have been made over the past three decades to shrink the test score gap, including increased funding for predominantly black schools, desegregation of southern schools, and programs to alleviate poverty, the median black American still scores below 75 percent of American whites on most standardized tests. The book brings together recent evidence on some of the most controversial and puzzling aspects of the test score debate, including the role of test bias, heredity, and family background. It also looks at how and why the gap has changed over the past generation, reviews the educational, psychological, and cultural explanations for the gap, and analyzes its educational and economic consequences. The authors demonstrate that traditional explanations account for only a small part of the black-white test score gap. They argue that this is partly because traditional explanations have put too much emphasis on racial disparities in economic resources, both in homes and in schools, and on demographic factors like family structure. They say that successful theories will put more emphasis on psychological and cultural factors, such as the way black and white parents teach their children to deal with things they do not know or understand, and the way black and white children respond to the same classroom experiences. Finally, they call for large-scale experiments to determine the effects of schools' racial mix, class size, ability grouping, and other policies. In addition to the editors, the contributors include Claude Steele, Ronald Ferguson, William G. Bowen, Philip Cook, and William Julius Wilson. "
Download or read book A Case Study Phenomenon Approach Are Alternative Schools Education Programs for K 12 a Holding Cell for Black Students in an Eastern North Carolina School System written by Dr.Jacques Thigpen,Ph.D.,Ed.D. and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Class and Schools written by Richard Rothstein and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary public policy assumes that the achievement gap between black and white students could be closed if only schools would do a better job. According to Richard Rothstein, "Closing the gaps between lower-class and middle-class children requires social and economic reform as well as school improvement. Unfortunately, the trend is to shift most of the burden to schools, as if they alone can eradicate poverty and inequality." In this book, Rothstein points the way toward social and economic reforms that would give all children a more equal chance to succeed in school. This book features: a summary of numerous studies linking school achievement to health care quality, nutrition, childrearing styles, housing stability, parental economic security, and more ; aA look at erroneous and misleading data that underlie commonplace claims that some schools "beat the demographic odds and therefore any school can close the achievement gap if only it adopted proper practices." ; and an analysis of how the over-emphasis of standardized tests in federal law obscures the true achievement gap and makes narrowing it more difficult.
Download or read book Closing the Opportunity Gap written by Prudence L. Carter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the achievement gap has dominated policy discussions over the past two decades, relatively little attention has been paid to a gap even more at odds with American ideals: the opportunity gap. Opportunity and achievement, while inextricably connected, are very different goals. Every American will not go to college, but every American should be given a fair chance to be prepared for college. In communities across the U.S., children lack the crucial resources and opportunities, inside and outside of schools that they need if they are to reach their potential. Closing the Opportunity Gap offers accessible, research-based essays written by top experts who highlight the discrepancies that exist in our public schools, focusing on how policy decisions and life circumstances conspire to create the "opportunity gap" that leads inexorably to stark achievement gaps. They also describe sensible policies grounded in evidence that can restore and enhance opportunities. Moving beyond conventional academic discourse, Closing the Opportunity Gap will spark vital new conversations about what schools, parents, educators, and policymakers can and should do to give all children a fair chance to thrive.
Download or read book The Educator s Handbook for Understanding and Closing Achievement Gaps written by Joseph Murphy and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Beginning with a remarkably comprehensive and accessible analysis of the gap's causes, the book offers a refreshingly balanced, evidence-based, state-of-the-art outline of productive solutions that should inform the work of all educational stakeholders' - Ken Leithwood, Professor, OISE/University of Toronto 'No one is better positioned than Joseph Murphy to provide lessons for education leaders on this important topic' - Andrew Porter, George and Diane Weiss Professor of Education , University of Pennsylvania 'For too long, the achievement gap has been proclaimed, discussed, and then dismissed as a subject of despair. Seldom has it been systematically defined, placed in historical perspective, or positively addressed. Through thorough scholarship, comprehensive knowledge, and creativity, this book fills that void' - James W. Guthrie, Patricia and Rodes Hart Professor of Educational Leadership and Public Policy, Vanderbilt University 'While offering no simple pathway to progress, this book reminds us how much more we can do to close achievement gaps' - Michael S. Knapp, Director Center for the Study of Teaching & Policy, University of Washington Distinguished researcher Joseph F. Murphy has gathered and analyzed the most up-to-date research and data to help headteachers understand what the achievement gap is, why it persists, and what teachers can do about it. This comprehensive handbook: - Examines external factors that contribute to achievement gaps, such as socioeconomic status, family environment, racism, and individual differences - Covers internal factors such as instruction, school culture, and school support - Provides strategies for addressing both internal and external factors to make an impact.
Download or read book How Does Transition from Elementary to Middle School Affect the Racial Achievement Gap written by Gudrun Vanlaar and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most research on the middle school transition focuses on developmental and psychological changes around the age of the transition, and investigates or discusses the impact of such changes on academic performance, motivation and behavior in schools. In addition to intrapersonal developmental changes that middle-school students experience, they also experience significant changes in school context and school experiences. What has been less studied however, is whether and how the transition from elementary to middle school may affect the racial achievement gaps. In other words, it is not known yet whether the change in school contexts affects students from different racial and socioeconomic backgrounds in different ways, possibly affecting the black-white or Hispanic-white achievement gaps. This paper addresses this question. On the whole, it is unclear whether the transition to middle school may exacerbate achievement gaps or narrow them. This paper attempts to provide initial evidence on this question. Preliminary findings suggest that the transition to middle school has, on average a significant effect on racial achievement gaps. Further analyses will need to be conducted to rule out alternative explanations for the findings, to explore potential mediators and mechanisms of the findings, and examine the extent to which these negative effects of the middle school transition persist over subsequent years. Tables and figures are appended.
Download or read book Developmental Pathways Through Middle Childhood written by Catherine R. Cooper and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When can contexts and diversity be resources, rather than risks, for children's developmental pathways? Scholars, policy makers, and practitioners increasingly realize that middle childhood matters as a time when children's pathways diverge, as they meet new and overlapping contexts they must navigate on their way to adolescence and adulthood. This volume shines new light on this important transition by tracing how these contexts -- cultural, economic, historical, political, and social -- can support or undermine children's pathways, and how children's own actions and the actions of those around them shape these pathways. With a focus on demographic changes taking place in the U.S., the volume also maps how experiences of diversity, reflecting culture, ethnicity, gender, and social class, matter for children's life contexts and options. Chapters by a team of social scientists in the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Successful Pathways through Middle Childhood present the fruits of ten years of research on these issues with diverse cultural and ethnic communities across the U.S. These include: *a set of models and measures that trace how contexts and diversity evolve and interact over time, with an epilogue that aligns and compares them; *surprising new findings, quantitative and qualitative, with cases showing how children and families shape and are affected by their individual, recreational, institutional, and cultural experiences; and *applications to policy and practice for diverse children and families. The importance of these new models, methods, findings, and applications is the topic of commentaries by distinguished scholars with both U.S. and international perspectives. The book is intended for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers, as well as students in psychology, sociology, and education.
Download or read book Brief SEL Interventions at School written by Gayle L. Macklem and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-25 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the social-emotional learning (SEL) movement in the United States and the current situation in schools that both supports and impedes the infusion of programs and strategies that actually work for children and adolescents. The volume describes overarching issues to include what the term evidence-based should mean as well as the confusing and sometimes ill-advised proliferation of programs that become components of the many barriers to the success of the SEL movement. The book examines why it may be necessary to take a step back when considering nonacademic interventions in schools. This book explores the need to – and the process of – vetting interventions before trying to implement them in the classroom. In addition, the volume examines the various frameworks and standards involving SEL to shape a thoughtful approach that makes a difference in each student’s academic success. It offers a scientific approach to selecting brief, easy to implement SEL strategies for school psychologists, teachers, and related mental health and educational professionals. The book describes each strategy in detail and addresses how to use these strategies, when to use them, and for whom they are likely to work. The volume concludes recommended implementation and dissemination strategies. This book is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/practitioners, and graduate students in child and school psychology, educational psychology, social work as well as all interrelated sub disciplines.
Download or read book Closing the School Discipline Gap written by Daniel J. Losen and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educators remove over 3.45 million students from school annually for disciplinary reasons, despite strong evidence that school suspension policies are harmful to students. The research presented in this volume demonstrates that disciplinary policies and practices that schools control directly exacerbate today's profound inequities in educational opportunity and outcomes. Part I explores how suspensions flow along the lines of race, gender, and disability status. Part II examines potential remedies that show great promise, including a district-wide approach in Cleveland, Ohio, aimed at social and emotional learning strategies. Closing the School Discipline Gap is a call for action that focuses on an area in which public schools can and should make powerful improvements, in a relatively short period of time. Contributors include Robert Balfanz, Jamilia Blake, Dewey Cornell, Jeremy D. Finn, Thalia González, Anne Gregory, Daniel J. Losen, David M. Osher, Russell J. Skiba, Ivory A. Toldson “Closing the School Discipline Gap can make an enormous difference in reducing disciplinary exclusions across the country. This book not only exposes unsound practices and their disparate impact on the historically disadvantaged, but provides educators, policymakers, and community advocates with an array of remedies that are proven effective or hold great promise. Educators, communities, and students alike can benefit from the promising interventions and well-grounded recommendations.” —Linda Darling-Hammond, Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education, Stanford University “For over four decades school discipline policies and practices in too many places have pushed children out of school, especially children of color. Closing the School Discipline Gap shows that adults have the power—and responsibility—to change school climates to better meet the needs of children. This volume is a call to action for policymakers, educators, parents, and students.” —Marian Wright Edelman, president, Children’s Defense Fund
Download or read book Belonging The Science of Creating Connection and Bridging Divides written by Geoffrey L. Cohen and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finalist for The Next Big Idea Bookclub • Book of the Year Selection Behavioral Scientist and Greater Good Society “This is perhaps the richest book on belonging you’ll ever read.… The inspiration one draws from every page of this book is an enhanced sense of what is possible. It revives the very thing we need most in these times: hope.” —Claude M. Steele, author of Whistling Vivaldi Discover the secret to flourishing in an age of division: belonging. In a world filled with discord and loneliness, finding harmony and happiness can be difficult. But what if the key to unlocking our potential lies in this deceptively simple concept? Belonging is the feeling of being a part of a group that values, respects, and cares for us—a feeling that we can all cultivate in even the smallest corners of social life. In Belonging: The Science of Creating Connection and Bridging Divides, Stanford University professor Geoffrey L. Cohen draws on his own and others’ groundbreaking scientific research to offer simple, concrete solutions for fostering a sense of belonging. These solutions can generate surprisingly significant and long-lasting benefits. Small but powerful actions can bolster belonging—actions such as encouraging people to reflect on their core values before they face a challenge or expressing belief in someone’s capacity to reach a higher standard. A wide range of innovative approaches have been found to boost achievement at work and at school, bridge political divides, reduce prejudice, and even contribute to overall health. Rigorously tested in diverse arenas—from classrooms to disadvantaged neighborhoods to iconic Silicon Valley companies—these methods offer a path forward in these demanding times. Belonging is a compelling read for all who yearn for a more connected world, whether you’re a manager or employee, an educator or student, a parent or caregiver, or simply someone seeking to make the most out of every moment you spend with others. Packed with actionable insights and specific strategies, this book offers hope and practical guidance, serving as both an inspiration and a roadmap to creating a world of inclusion, understanding, and empathy.
Download or read book The Impact of Positive Behavior Interventions on Students Transitioning to Middle School written by Sheryl R. Debity and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educators are challenged with implementing an effective discipline plan that will maintain a safe and orderly learning environment, while keeping students in class and engaged and improving their students’ performance. One program that educators have begun implementing to address these concerns is Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support (PBIS); however, challenges, including time constraints and availability of resources, have impeded the success of implementation. In this study, the researcher compared TNReady student achievement scores, attendance rates, and office discipline referrals at a middle school with an established PBIS program and a non-PBIS middle school over a three-year period. The quantitative results of this study enabled the researcher to determine that there were statistically significant differences found during the years of the study in TNReady math achievement scores, attendance rates, and office discipline referrals for sixth grade students; however, no statistically significant differences were found for TNReady English language arts achievement scores.
Download or read book Effects of Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports on Middle School Student Achievement written by Chad Knowles and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's teachers face more frequent and more severe challenges than perhaps any generation of teachers that have come before them. Administrators attempt to support teaching in an environment of ever-increasing accountability and dwindling financial resources with new and innovative strategies. One such strategy employed by modern educators has been the Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) model for clear behavioral expectations and pyramids of intervention for targeted support for students. This study compared a middle school that employs PBIS with a middle school that does not, to determine if there was any statistical improvement realized on academic achievement. Two diverse middle schools with high numbers of low socioeconomic status students were studied. Eighth grade reading Standards of Learning assessment results were examined to determine what, if any, impact PBIS programs had on student achievement. The eighth grade reading scores were examined from the 2010-2011 school year, since this was the first year of implementation. The study results found that there was no statistically significant difference in achievement between the overall populations of the control school and the experimental school. The study also found that there was no statistically significant difference between male and female achievement at the control and experimental schools. The study did find that there was a statistically significant difference between Caucasian students at the control school and experimental school, as well as between minority students at the control school and experimental school.
Download or read book School Counseling to Close the Achievement Gap written by Cheryl Holcomb-McCoy and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: School counsellors can play a powerful role in closing the achievement gap by incorporating principles of social justice - that is, equity and advocacy for all students - into their practice. This new resource for pre-service and in-service counsellors addresses the reasons why some students are more likely to encounter academic failure (racism, sexism, heterosexism, classism), and challenges readers to play an active role in bringing about the conditions for student success. Offering a variety of vignettes, strategies, activities, and reflective individual and group study questions, the book provides the framework for how school counsellors can mitigate the impact of negative factors hampering academic performance and healthy development. The book details six functions of a school counsellors that move schools toward more just practices and, ultimately, to higher test scores and increased student achievement.
Download or read book Cooperative Learning written by Robert Kinel and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
