Download or read book The Structure of Rare earth Metal Surfaces written by Stephen David Barrett and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Structure of Rare-Earth Metal Surfaces introduces the concepts of surface crystallography and surface-structure determination, outlines the principles of the most widely used experimental techniques and theoretical simulations, and reviews their application to the surfaces of rare-earth metals. In particular, the results of quantitative low-energy electron-diffraction experiments and multiple-scattering calculations are covered in some depth. The book is aimed at science graduates with an interest in surface crystallography. Contents: Introduction to the Rare Earths; The Basics of Surface Structure; Surface Structure Techniques; Crystal Growth and Surface Preparation; Rare-Earth Surface Science; Quantitative Low-Energy Electron Diffraction; Quantitative LEED Results; Summary OCo Past, Present and Future. Readership: Researchers in surface and interface science, crystallography, condensed matter physics and computational physics."
Download or read book The Structure of Rare earth Metal Surfaces written by Stephen David Barrett and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Structure of Rare-Earth Metal Surfaces introduces the concepts of surface crystallography and surface-structure determination, outlines the principles of the most widely used experimental techniques and theoretical simulations, and reviews their application to the surfaces of rare-earth metals. In particular, the results of quantitative low-energy electron-diffraction experiments and multiple-scattering calculations axe covered in some depth. The book is aimed at science graduates with an interest in surface crystallography.
Download or read book The Electronic Structure of Rare earth Metals and Alloys written by B. Coqblin and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Magnetic Properties of Rare Earth Metals written by R. Elliott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rare earths have a unique place among the elements. Although very much alike chemically and in most phy~ical properties they each have very different and striking magnetic properties. The reason, of course, lies in their 4f electrons which determine the magnetic properties but have little effect on other chemical and physical behaviour. Although they are not rare, some indeed are among the more common heavy elements in the earth's crust, the difficulty of separation has meant that their intricate magnetic properties have only recently been unravelled. Now, however, the general pattern of their magnetism is well charted and the underlying theory is well understood. Both are thoroughly summarised in this book. It provides an excellent example of the kind of extensive synthesis which is possible with modem solid state physics. it represents only a high plateau in the ascent to complete understanding. But It will become clear to the reader that while the overall position is satisfactory there are many details still to be elucidated experimentally and much to be done theoretically before all the underlying forces are identified and estimated from a priori calculations. It is hoped that the book will provide a useful stimulus in this direction. It should also be of use to those who are interested in related disciplines, for example the rare earth compounds, or the transition metals. In addition rare earths promise to be important technologically as alloy constituents.
Download or read book Science and Technology of Rare Earth Materials written by E C Subbarao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1980-01-28 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and Technology of Rare Earth Materials reviews the important aspects of the science and technology of rare earth materials, covering the entire spectrum from occurrence to extraction and purification, phase relationships, electronic structure, and applications. This book is organized into five sections encompassing 19 chapters. The occurrence, extraction, and production of rare earths are discussed in the first section, followed by purification methods employed for rare earths, together with the role of impurities on their behavior. The phase relations among the rare earth alloys, including a particular reference to the technologically important rare earth-cobalt alloys, and phase relations among the rare earth oxides are considered in the second section. The succeeding two sections focus on studies of the electronic structure of rare earth materials, with emphasis on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Theoretical conceptions are set forth as well as the effect of crystal fields and valence fluctuations on the properties of rare earth systems. The final section describes some of the extensive current uses of rare earth materials such as in the steel industry and in permanent magnets, as well as emerging applications in catalysis, hydrogen storage, ferroelectrics, and fast ion conductors. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in rare earths.
Download or read book Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths written by Karl A. Gschneidner and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1995 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 20 completes the second decade of volumes in this series and focuses on the physical aspects of metallic compounds. Research efforts on metallic rare earth compounds started in earnest about 50 years ago and received a significant boost with the discovery of the RCo5 permanent magnets about 12 years later. During this time much has been learned about the structure as well as the electrical, magnetic and thermal properties of approximately 2500 binary rare earth metallic compounds. However, if one considers the possible true ternary compounds and possible pseudo-binary ternary alloys formed by mixing two binary compounds, there is still a wealth of knowledge to be obtained from these still-to-be discovered materials. This volume makes a start in this direction. Chapter one deals with the Fermi surfaces of rare earth (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd and Yb) intermetallic compounds. It begins with an introduction to the relevant theories required to describe the electrons near the Fermi surface and then to the basic experimental techniques to study these surfaces. The main portion of the chapter is devoted to a comparison of the experimental results with the band structure calculations for a large number of compounds. Chapter two examines the world of thin films of rare earth metals, alloys and compounds. The three main topics covered are the pure metals themselves, metallic alloys and compounds, and metalloid compounds. The next chapter is devoted to hydrogen in metals and their binary compounds RH2 and RH3. One of the critical problems is the purity of the starting rare earth metal itself because phase relations can be greatly affected by impurities and attention is therefore paid to the preparation of specimens and the phase diagrams. Structural properties, kinetics and thermodynamic behavior, as well as electronic, magnetic and thermal properties are reviewed as well. Also examined is the profound influence of hydrogen on the magnetic properties by the mediation of RKKY interaction in these materials. The final chapter is an update on the magnetic behaviors of lanthanide intermetallic compounds, an area which has seen many new developments in the last 15 years. The chapter is divided into two main parts. Part one is devoted to 3d magnetism where both the 3d metal and lanthanide element contribute to the magnetic behavior, and the second part is concerned with lanthanide magnetism itself.
Download or read book Rare Earth Magnetism written by Jens Jensen and published by . This book was released on 1991-06-13 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph presents a unified and coherent account of an important, focused area of rare-earth magnetism -- magnetic structures and excitations -- which both reflects the nature of the fundamental magnetic interactions and determines many of the characteristic properties of metals. The authors concentrate on the essential principles and their applications to typical examples, generally restricting the discussion to the pure elements and considering alloys and compounds only when they are instructive in illuminating particular topics. Both authors have been involved for some time in the effort that has been made in Denmark to study, both theoretically and experimentally, the magnetic structures and especially the excitations in the rare earths. This account of the subject represents the result of their experience, and it has been written in the hope that it will be useful not only to those who have a special interest in rare-earth magnetism, but also to a wider audience of physicists and condensed matter scientists interested in the techniques and achievements of modern research in magnetism.
Download or read book Physics of Rare Earth Solids written by Kenneth Norman Robert Taylor and published by Chapman & Hall. This book was released on 1972 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This continuing authoritative series deals with the chemistry, materials science, physics and technology of the rare earth elements. Volume 38 of the Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earth incorporates a recapitulation of the scientific achievements and contributions made by the late Professor LeRoy Eyring (1919-2005) to the science of the lanthanide oxides in which the lanthanide element has a valence equal to or greater than three. · Authoritative · Comprehensive · Up-to-date · Critical
Download or read book Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium written by A.K. Suri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth and development witnessed today in modern science, engineering, and technology owes a heavy debt to the rare, refractory, and reactive metals group, of which niobium is a member. Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium presents a vivid account of the metal through its comprehensive discussions of properties and applications, resources and resource processing, chemical processing and compound preparation, metal extraction, and refining and consolidation. Typical flow sheets adopted in some leading niobium-producing countries for the beneficiation of various niobium sources are presented, and various chemical processes for producing pure forms of niobium intermediates such as chloride, fluoride, and oxide are discussed. The book also explains how to liberate the metal from its intermediates and describes the physico-chemical principles involved. It is an excellent reference for chemical metallurgists, hydrometallurgists, extraction and process metallurgists, and minerals processors. It is also valuable to a wide variety of scientists, engineers, technologists, and students interested in the topic.
Download or read book Rare Earth Borides written by Dmytro S. Inosov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare-earth borides have attracted continuous interest for more than half a century both from the point of view of fundamental condensed matter physics and for practical applications in various fields of engineering. They demonstrate a wealth of unusual electronic and magnetic properties that have been closely investigated in recent decades using advanced spectroscopies and state-of-the-art physical characterization methods. Authored by leading experts in the field, this book features a comprehensive collection of reviews offering a cutting-edge summary of the research on rare-earth borides from various viewpoints. It includes chapters on the growth and characterization of single-crystal and thin-film samples, detailed description of their lattice structure and dynamics, electronic and magnetic properties in the bulk and at the surface, low-temperature ordering phenomena, and theoretical and experimental description of the unusual spectroscopic properties from the perspective of modern x-ray and neutron scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance. The book will appeal to anyone interested in the physics and chemistry of solids and low-temperature physics, especially to researchers and postgraduate students who study magnetic and electronic properties of rare-earth compounds.
Download or read book Magnesium Alloys Containing Rare Earth Metals written by L.L. Rokhlin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-02-20 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnesium-based alloys containing rare-earth metals are important structural materials, as they combine low density with high-strength properties. This makes them particularly attractive for industry, especially in cases where the low weight of constructions is critical, as in aircraft and space apparatus construction. One of the remarkable features of alloys is the significant difference made by individual rare-earth metals when they are added to magnesium. This second edition of Magnesium Alloys Containing Rare-Earth Metals: Structure and Properties describes the constitution and properties of magnesium-based alloys containing rare-earth metals. It presents the dependence of their characteristics on their atomic number and place in the periodic table and discusses new ideas for rare-earth metals as alloying additives to magnesium. This volume consists mainly of research from Russian scientists but also contains western literature making it a valuable reference tool for students, researchers and professionals in materials science and metallurgy.
Download or read book Surface Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rare Earths written by Jacques Lucas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-technology and environmental applications of the rare-earth elements (REE) have grown dramatically in diversity and importance over the past four decades. This book provides a scientific understanding of rare earth properties and uses, present and future. It also points the way to efficient recycle of the rare earths in end-of-use products and efficient use of rare earths in new products. Scientists and students will appreciate the book's approach to the availability, structure and properties of rare earths and how they have led to myriad critical uses, present and future. Experts should buy this book to get an integrated picture of production and use (present and future) of rare earths and the science behind this picture. This book will prove valuable to.non-scientists as well in order to get an integrated picture of production and use of rare earths in the 21st Century, and the science behind this picture. Defines the chemical, physical and structural properties of rare earths. Gives the reader a basic understanding of what rare earths can do for us. Describes uses of each rare earth with chemical, physics, and structural explanations for the properties that underlie those uses. Allows the reader to understand how rare earths behave and why they are used in present applications and will be used in future applications. Explains to the reader where and how rare earths are found and produced and how they are best recycled to minimize environmental impact and energy and water consumption.
Download or read book Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths written by Karl A. Gschneidner (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals written by Michael Aide and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the recent evolution of rare earth elements and their mineralogy, both natural and synthetic analogues. Authors review and document rare earth element chemistry in the aqueous environment and the petrology of the rare earth element-bearing mineral Allanite. Synthetic rare earth minerals and their applications is a rapidly evolving discipline important to medicine, advanced digital technologies, and solid-state physics. Authors report on the synthesis of a macrocyclic gadolinium complex and also gadolinium complexes and their applications in medicine. Authors present compelling advances in gadolinium isotopes and oxides as substrates for induced excitation and luminescent material sciences.
Download or read book Binary Rare Earth Oxides written by G. Adachi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-10 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Binary Rare Earth Oxides is the first book in the field of rare earth oxides that provides coverage from the basic science through to recent advances. This book introduces the unique characteristics of the binary rare earth oxides with their chemistry, physics and applications. It provides a comprehensive review of all the characteristics of rare earth oxides, essential for scientists and engineers involved with rare earths, oxides, inorganic materials, ceramics, and structures. The binary rare earth oxides bring us a variety of interesting characteristics. Understanding their fundamental mechanisms builds a bridge between solid-state chemistry and materials science. The book begins with a brief introduction to binary rare earth oxides, their physical and chemical stabilities, polymorphism, crystal structures and phase transformation and the association with current applications. The book goes on to present the band structure of the oxides using several quantum chemical calculations, which belong to a newly developed area in the binary rare earth oxides. Central to this chapter are the characterizations of electrical, magnetic and optical properties, as well as details of single crystal growth and particle preparation methods that have progressed in recent years. Later chapters concentrate on thermo-chemical properties and trace determination techniques. The final chapter contains a variety of useful applications in various fields such as phosphors, glass abrasives, automotive catalysts, fuel cells, solid electrolytes, sunscreens, iron steels, and biological materials. This book is an invaluable resource for materials scientists and solid-state physicists and chemists with an interest in rare earth oxides, as well as advanced students and graduates who require an approach to familiarize them with this field. This book provides guidance through a comprehensive review of all the characteristics of binary rare earth oxides.
