Download or read book The Structure of Labor Markets in Developing Countries written by William Francis Maloney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microeconomic Issues of Labor Markets in Developing Countries written by Dipak Mazumdar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper deals with labor market structures in developing countries and the impact of government policies on rural and urban labor markets. The central concern in analyses of employment is absorption of labor. Governments try to influence the demand for labor so that more members of the labor force are absorbed into productive employment. Employment outcomes are often the by-products of government policies that affect economic growth as a whole. This paper concentrates on factors that influence the structure and functioning of labor markets. In Chapter 1, a schematic picture of labor markets is presented. Chapters 2 and 3 analyze the salient features of the workings of rural and urban labor markets and discuss some important government policies that affect the functioning of these markets. The paper concludes that Government intervention in both rural and urban labor markets has often been less than successful, sometimes because their policies were based on incorrect assumptions. At other times, these policies have achieved less because the government also adopted other policies that tended to contradict the goal of providing jobs.
Download or read book The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-11-01 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on economic flexibility and the channels through which labor market imperfections alter the effects of structural adjustment measures are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation, such as the link between changes in relative wages and the distributional effects of adjustment policies.
Download or read book The Structure of Labor Markets in Developing Countries written by William F. Maloney and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The informal sector behav ...
Download or read book Migration And The Labor Market In Developing Countries written by Richard Sabot and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book clarifies the linkages among income distribution, migration, surplus labor, and poverty in developing countries. It assesses the implications of different key characteristics of labor markets for the response of labor supply to the hiring of additional urban workers.
Download or read book labor market policy in developing countries a selective review of the literature and needs for the future written by Gary S. Fields and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper presents a selective overview of the literature on modeling labor market policies in developing countries. It considers welfare economics, theoretical models, and empirical evidence to highlight the three general features needed in future research on labor market policy in developing countries. The author identifies desirable research components (welfare economics, theoretical modeling, and empirical modeling) and pitfalls in the literature (inappropriate use of productivity, reliance on wrong kinds of empirical studies, lack of cost-benefit analysis, attention to only a subset of the goods and bads, and fallacy of composition). The paper concludes with suggested topics and methods for future research. The author states that sound labor market policy requires sound labor market models. The paper makes a case for developing policy based on explicit evaluation criteria, specific theoretical models, and comprehensive empirical evidence.
Download or read book The Structure of Labor Markets in Developing Countries written by Maloney and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Labor markets in an era of adjustment an overview written by Susan Horton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview of a symposium on labor markets and adjustment concludes that: (1) real wages are more flexible than generally supposed, (2) labor reallocations across sectors have been more or less in the desired direction, and (3) the role of labor unions, generally supposed to be an impediment to adjustment, is more subtle than generally supposed.
Download or read book Are Labor Markets in Developing Countries Dualistic written by William Francis Maloney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Labor Markets in an Era of Adjustment Issues papers written by Susan Horton and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Change and Dynamics of Labor Markets in Bangladesh written by Selim Raihan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-29 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outlining important policy requirements for Bangladesh to become an upper middle-income country, the book presents research work conducted during the project “Changing Labor Markets in Bangladesh: Understanding Dynamics in Relation to Economic Growth and Poverty,” sponsored by the International Development Research Center (IDRC), Canada. Bangladesh has experienced remarkable economic growth rates over the last decade. The country has recently been upgraded from a low-income country (LIC) to a lower-middle-income country (LMIC) as per the World Bank’s classification system. By 2024, the country also aspires to graduate from the United Nation’s list of least developed countries (LDC). The 7th five-year plan sets an ambitious target of 8 percent growth in GDP by 2020. There are also steep development targets to be achieved under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. All these will require an enormous leap forward from the current level of economic growth rate and sustaining it in the future. The situation also calls for considerable structural change in the economy, facilitating large-scale economic diversification. Rapid expansion of labor-intensive and high-productivity sectors, both in the farm and nonfarm sectors, is thus crucial for Bangladesh. Further, this should take place in conjunction with interventions to enhance productivity, jobs and incomes in traditional and informal activities where there are large pools of surplus labor. Given its relevance for Bangladesh and applicability to many other developing countries, the book offers a unique and pioneering resource for researchers, industry watchers as well as policy makers.
Download or read book The Exposure to Routinization Labor Market Implications for Developed and Developing Economies written by Ms.Mitali Das and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence that the automation of routine tasks has contributed to the polarization of labor markets has been documented for many developed economies, but little is known about its incidence in developing economies. We propose a measure of the exposure to routinization—that is, the risk of the displacement of labor by information technology—and assemble several facts that link the exposure to routinization with the prospects of polarization. Drawing on exposures for about 85 countries since 1990, we establish that: (1) developing economies are significantly less exposed to routinization than their developed counterparts; (2) the initial exposure to routinization is a strong predictor of the long-run exposure; and (3) among countries with high initial exposures to routinization, polarization dynamics have been strong and subsequent exposures have fallen; while among those with low initial exposure, the globalization of trade and structural transformation have prevailed and routine exposures have risen. Although we find little evidence of polarization in developing countries thus far, with rapidly rising exposures to routinization, the risks of future labor market polarization have escalated with potentially significant consequences for productivity, growth and distribution.
Download or read book Labor Markets and Economic Development written by Ravi Kanbur and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As developing and transition economies enter the next phase of reforms, labor market issues increasingly come to the fore. With the increased competition from globalization, the discussion is shifting to the need for greater labor market flexibility and the creation of "good" jobs. Moreover, the greater actual and perceived insecurity in labor markets has generated a new agenda on how to structure safety nets and labor market regulation. The older questions of the links between the formal and informal labor market, reappear with new dimensions and significance. More generally, it is clear that an accurate understanding of how labor market structures function is essential if we are to analyze alternative policy proposals in the wake of these concerns. Oddly enough, in spite of this great importance, there are no recent monographs that bring together rigorous studies produced by academic researchers on these various issues. This book fills that gap. Under the steely editorship of Ravi Kanbur and Jan Svejnar, the contributors flourish in their attempts to enliven these debates.
Download or read book Sticky Feet written by Claire H. Hollweg and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis in this report confirms the findings of previous studies that trade liberalization improves aggregate welfare and is in the long run associated with higher employment and wages. The analysis addresses a major gap in the literature, which has heretofore provided limited evidence about the trade-related adjustment costs faced by workers in developing countries and how they are affected by mobility costs. Labor market frictions reduce the potential gains from trade reform. For a tariff reduction in a given sector, the resulting change in relative prices raises real wages in some sectors and reduces them in the liberalized sector. The emerging wage gaps lead to labor reallocation. But workers typically incur costs to change jobs; the higher the mobility costs, the slower the transition to the new labor market steady state. Workers’ sticky feet result in foregone welfare gains from trade. This report presents an estimation strategy for capturing mobility costs when only net flows of workers between industries are observed, generating cross-country estimates for 47 developed and developing countries. The basic analytical approach is then refined to take advantage of micro-level data on worker transitions and wages when gross flows can be observed to derive mobility cost estimates that account for sector and formality status. These cost estimates are used to model the dynamic paths of labor reallocation between sectors and in and out of the labor force, the associated wage paths, and the resulting labor adjustment costs. The main findings of the report are that: labor mobility costs in developing countries are high; foregone trade gains due to frictions in labor mobility can also be substantial; workers bear the brunt of adjustment costs; mobility costs and labor market adjustments to trade-related shocks vary by industry, firm type, and worker type; entry costs are significantly higher for formal than for informal employment; trade reforms increase economy-wide wages and employment; and workers displaced by plant closings are likely to face relatively long adjustment periods. The findings provide insights that could be helpful to policymakers hoping to mitigate negative short-term consequences of trade liberalization and facilitate labor adjustment.
Download or read book Employment Problems and the Urban Labor Market in Developing Nations written by Subbiah Kannappan and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic analysis of labour market and occupational structures in urban areas of developing countries - examines the impact of economic development and urbanization on labour supply and urban unemployment; includes a literature survey and evaluation of case studies of labour market segmentation, labour force participation and wage structure; tackles institutional framework, internal migration, labour mobility, etc. ILO mentioned. References, statistical tables.
Download or read book Fragmented Labor Markets and the Spatial Structure of Cities in Developing Countries written by Namrata Narain and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the impact of a fragmented labor market on city structure to explain the spatial coexistence of formal and informal labor sectors characteristic of cities in developing countries. I explore reasons for structural differences among cities in developed and developing countries, which current models in urban economics and New Economic Geography have not yet considered. While existing models suggest that poorer people will live in the periphery of the city, I relax assumptions of uniform space requirement and commuting costs to show that clusters of informal labor will form within the city itself because of their dependence on the formal sector for employment. The plausibility of this spatial arrangement, and its consequences, is discussed with examples and supported with qualitative evidence.
Download or read book Labour Markets Poverty and Development written by Giorgio Barba Navaretti and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen a period of adjustment and structural change for most developing countries. The ongoing consequences of the debt crisis in the 1980s caused widespread concern of a serious deterioration in wage and employment conditions, as well as in poverty and income distribution. Although the outlook for developing countries changed for the better during the 1990s, concerns about the labour market have not subsided. This book takes a detailed look at employment trends in developing countries, bringing together a distinguished group of international academics and practitioners.
