Download or read book The Stable Isotopes of Xenon written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stable Isotopes of Xenon written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluated Neutron Cross Section for the Stable Isotopes of Xenon written by M. R. Bhat and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Atomic Masses of the Stable Isotopes of Xenon written by Richard Aasen Damerow and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluated Neutron Cross Sections for the Stable Isotopes of Xenon written by M. R. Bhat and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-24 with total page 1680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.
Download or read book Origins of the Earth Moon and Life written by Akio Makishima and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Origins of the Earth, Moon, and Life: An Interdisciplinary Approach presents state-of-the-art knowledge that is based on theories, experiments, observations, calculations, and analytical data from five astro-sciences, astronomy, astrobiology, astrogeology, astrophysics, and cosmochemistry. Beginning with the origin of elements, and moving on to cover the formation of the early Solar System, the giant impact model of the Earth and Moon, the oldest records of life, and the possibility of life on other planets in the Solar System, this interdisciplinary reference provides a complex understanding of the planets and the formation of life. Synthesizing concepts from all branches of astro-sciences into one, the book is a valuable reference for researchers in astrogeology, astrophysics, cosmochemistry, astrobiology, astronomy, and other space science fields, helping users better understand the intersection of these sciences. - Includes extensive figures and tables to enhance key concepts - Uses callout boxes throughout to provide context and deeper explanations - Presents up-to-date information on the universe, stars, planets, moons, and life in the solar system - Combines knowledge from the fields of astrogeology, astrophysics, cosmochemistry, astrobiology, and astronomy, helping readers understand the origins of the Earth, the moon, and life in our solar system
Download or read book Isotopes for Medicine and the Life Sciences written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-01-27 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioactive isotopes and enriched stable isotopes are used widely in medicine, agriculture, industry, and science, where their application allows us to perform many tasks more accurately, more simply, less expensively, and more quickly than would otherwise be possible. Indeed, in many casesâ€"for example, biological tracersâ€"there is no alternative. In a stellar example of "technology transfer" that began before the term was popular, the Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessors has supported the development and application of isotopes and their transfer to the private sector. The DOE is now at an important crossroads: Isotope production has suffered as support for DOE's laboratories has declined. In response to a DOE request, this book is an intensive examination of isotope production and availability, including the education and training of those who will be needed to sustain the flow of radioactive and stable materials from their sources to the laboratories and medical care facilities in which they are used. Chapters include an examination of enriched stable isotopes; reactor and accelerator-produced radionuclides; partnerships among industries, national laboratories, and universities; and national isotope policy.
Download or read book Molybdenum 99 for Medical Imaging written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decay product of the medical isotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99), technetium-99m (Tc-99m), and associated medical isotopes iodine-131 (I-131) and xenon-133 (Xe-133) are used worldwide for medical diagnostic imaging or therapy. The United States consumes about half of the world's supply of Mo-99, but there has been no domestic (i.e., U.S.-based) production of this isotope since the late 1980s. The United States imports Mo-99 for domestic use from Australia, Canada, Europe, and South Africa. Mo-99 and Tc-99m cannot be stockpiled for use because of their short half-lives. Consequently, they must be routinely produced and delivered to medical imaging centers. Almost all Mo-99 for medical use is produced by irradiating highly enriched uranium (HEU) targets in research reactors, several of which are over 50 years old and are approaching the end of their operating lives. Unanticipated and extended shutdowns of some of these old reactors have resulted in severe Mo-99 supply shortages in the United States and other countries. Some of these shortages have disrupted the delivery of medical care. Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging examines the production and utilization of Mo-99 and associated medical isotopes, and provides recommendations for medical use.
Download or read book The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes written by Hans Eggenkamp and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides detailed information on the history, analysis and applications of chlorine and bromine isotope geochemistry. Chlorine and bromine are geochemically unique as they prefer to exist as single charged negative ions. For this reason isotope fractionation reflects mostly processes that are not related to changes in the redox state and this fractionation is generally modest. The book will describe the processes that are most easily detected using these isotopes. Also isotope variations, and processes that cause them, measured in oxidised species such as perchlorates and in organic molecules will be described in this book.
Download or read book Multinuclear NMR written by J. Mason and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the power and range of modern pulse spectrometers the compass of NMR spec troscopy is now very large for a single book-but we have undertaken this. Our book covers the Periodic Table as multinuclear spectrometers do, and introductory chapters are devoted to the essentials of the NMR experiment and its products. Primary products are chemical shifts (including anisotropies), spin-spin coupling constants, and relaxation times; the ultimate product is a knowledge of content and constitution, dynamic as well as static. Our province is chemical and biochemical rather than physical or technical; only passing reference is made to metallic solids or unstable species, or to practical NMR spectroscopy. Our aim is depth as well as breadth, to explain the fundamental processes, whether of nuclear magnetic shielding, spin-spin coupling, relaxation, or the multiple pulse sequences that have allowed the development of high-resolution studies of solids, multidimensional NMR spectroscopy, techniques for sensitivity enhancement, and so on. This book therefore combines the functions of advanced textbook and reference book. For reasonably comprehensive coverage in a single volume we have sum marized the information in tables and charts, and included all leading references.
Download or read book Isotope Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry. Beginning with a brief overview of nuclear physics and nuclear origins, it then reviews radioactive decay schemes and their use in geochronology. A following chapter covers the closely related techniques such as fission-track and carbon-14 dating. Subsequent chapters cover nucleosynthetic anomalies in meteorites and early solar system chronology and the use of radiogenic isotopes in understanding the evolution of the Earth’s mantle, crust, and oceans. Attention then turns to stable isotopes and after reviewing the basic principles involved, the book explores their use in topics as diverse as mantle evolution, archeology and paleontology, ore formation, and, particularly, paleoclimatology. A following chapter explores recent developments including unconventional stable isotopes, mass-independent fractionation, and isotopic ‘clumping’. The final chapter reviews the isotopic variation in the noble gases, which result from both radioactive decay and chemical fractionations.
Download or read book Metrological Certification Measurements of Stable Isotope Amount Ratios of Xenon and Krypton written by Yetunde Aregbe and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Handy Science Answer Book written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inventory of Stable Isotopes written by C. P. Keim and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-06-27 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the product of a congressionally mandated study to examine the feasibility of eliminating the use of highly enriched uranium (HEU2) in reactor fuel, reactor targets, and medical isotope production facilities. The book focuses primarily on the use of HEU for the production of the medical isotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99), whose decay product, technetium-99m3 (Tc-99m), is used in the majority of medical diagnostic imaging procedures in the United States, and secondarily on the use of HEU for research and test reactor fuel. The supply of Mo-99 in the U.S. is likely to be unreliable until newer production sources come online. The reliability of the current supply system is an important medical isotope concern; this book concludes that achieving a cost difference of less than 10 percent in facilities that will need to convert from HEU- to LEU-based Mo-99 production is much less important than is reliability of supply.
Download or read book Nature s Building Blocks written by John Emsley and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A readable, informative, fascinating entry on each one of the 100-odd chemical elements, arranged alphabetically from actinium to zirconium. Each entry comprises an explanation of where the element's name comes from, followed by Body element (the role it plays in living things), Element ofhistory (how and when it was discovered), Economic element (what it is used for), Environmental element (where it occurs, how much), Chemical element (facts, figures and narrative), and Element of surprise (an amazing, little-known fact about it). A wonderful 'dipping into' source for the familyreference shelf and for students.
