Download or read book The social cost of legal and illegal drugs in Belgium written by Delfine Lievens and published by Maklu. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs and psychoactive medication (mis)use are associated with a higher likelihood of developing several diseases, (traffic) injuries and crimes. These substances reduce quality of life and increase the health care and law enforcement costs, productivity losses, etc. Consequently, the social and economic impact of substances on society is substantial. The SOCOST study estimates for the first time social costs for alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs and psychoactive medication in Belgium for the year 2012. This cost-of-illness study presents the direct costs, the indirect cost as well as the intangible costs related to substance (mis)use. This research was commissioned by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) in the framework of the Federal Research Programme Drugs. Two universities cooperated: Ghent University, Institute for International Research on Criminal Policy (IRCP) and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER). The research was conducted under supervision of prof. dr. Freya Vander Laenen, prof. dr. Koen Putman, prof. dr. Lieven Pauwels, prof. dr. Wim Hardyns and prof. dr. Lieven Annemans.
Download or read book Young adults using prescription drugs nonmedically written by Frédérique Bawin and published by Gompel&Svacina. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing use of prescription drugs is a global health concern. A “pill-popping culture”, where many life issues are seen as problems that can be treated with medication, is becoming more common worldwide. Simultaneously, there are increasing concerns about the nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) such as sedatives, opi-oid-based pain relief medication and prescription stimu-lants. Nevertheless, this trend has received limited atten-tion in scientific research in Belgium, and in Europe more broadly. The YOUTH-PUMED study described in this book aims at a better understanding of this phenomenon among young adults, and of their perceptions about their own nonmedical use of prescription drugs and associated harms. This book shows that the young adults were using one or more psychoactive medication (sedatives, analgesics or stimulants) in different contexts, and their use patterns and motives for use varied. It ends with helpful insights to prevent and reduce NMUPD.
Download or read book Addiction Recovery written by Lore Bellaert and published by Gompel&Svacina. This book was released on 2022-06-29 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This doctoral study focuses on a relational approach to recovery as an addition to the dominant individualized interpretations of addiction recovery. It explores the (enabling or disabling) role of social networks and broader societal contexts in which recovery processes are embedded, without disregarding the deeply personal nature of addiction recovery in terms of building a meaningful life. This dissertation is based on the Recovery Pathways (REC-PATH) research project, a longitudinal and multi-country cohort study designed to map pathways to drug addiction recovery. Rooted in the policy, quantitative and qualitative research phases of the REC-PATH project, this study uncovers contextual dynamics at play in addiction recovery. Grounded in first-person accounts of recovery from drug use problems, we critically investigate the complex and ambiguous roles that interpersonal relationships, life circumstances, support services and structural factors might play throughout recovery processes. Conceptualizing addiction recovery as a relational process of change has implications for how practice, policy and research are organized. This dissertation thus provides tools for students, practitioners and policymakers who want to contribute to developing recovery-supportive environments that include attention to the contextual dimensions of recovery.
Download or read book Public expenditure on supply reduction policies written by Anne Line Bretteville-Jensen and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supply reduction is often the main approach used for addressing the illicit drug problem. – Pompidou Group Evaluating drug policy is an integral part of a cost-efficient approach to tackle illicit drugs. This report takes a first step towards a systematic analysis, by examining a set of representative attempts to estimate public expenditure on supply reduction interventions. It proposes a common set of definitions, aiming to establish a common basis for understanding this topic and facilitating comparability in three main dimensions: time, policy and countries. Although it is mainly confined to supply reduction expenditures, in order to set the context, it describes the proportion that total drugrelated expenditure represents of national public spending and presents the balance between demand and supply reduction spending for a number of European countries. Finally, with the aim of facilitating and promoting future empirical expenditure studies and of setting the ground for the development of good practices, relevant data sources and methodologies applied are listed and discussed and examples of sectorial models of public spending are selectively provided.
Download or read book Mutual admissibility of evidence in criminal matters in the EU IRCP series vol 53 written by Martyna Kusak and published by Maklu. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Any effort to gather evidence may prove pointless without ensuring its admissibility. Nevertheless, the EU, while developing instruments for smooth gathering of evidence in criminal matters, is not taking much effort to enhance its admissibility. Due to the lack of common rules in this matter, gathering and use of evidence in the EU cross-border context is still governed by the domestic law of the member states concerned. This may lead to situations where, given the differences between legal systems across the EU, evidence collected in one member state will not be admissible in other member states. Due to the fact that the Lisbon Treaty opened the possibility to adopt minimum rules concerning, among other things, the mutual admissibility of evidence, this research investigates the concept of minimum standards designed to enhance mutual admissibility of evidence in the EU. Through a study of two investigative measures, telephone tapping and house search, the author examines whether coming to various common minimum standards is feasible and whether compliance with these standards would finally shape the as yet nonexistent concept of the free movement and mutual recognition of evidence in criminal matters in the EU. Essential reading for both national and EU policy makers, scholars and practitioners involved in cross-border gathering of evidence in the EU.
Download or read book Innocent Bystanders written by Philip Keefer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-03-24 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents evidence that drug policies impose high costs on poor transit and producer countries. It argues that, in the face of great uncertainty about the benefits of alternative drug policies, those with lower social costs should receive greater emphasis.
Download or read book A Quiet Revolution written by Ari Rosmarin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A Quiet Revolution: Drug Decriminalisation Policies in Practice Across the Globe' is the first report to support Release's campaign 'Drugs - It's Time for Better Laws'. This report looks at over 20 countries that have adopted some form of decriminalisation of drug possession, including some States that have only decriminalised cannabis possession. The main aim of the report was to look at the existing research to establish whether the adoption of a decriminalised policy led to significant increases in drug use - the simple answer is that it did not. This then begs the question that if the model of enforcement adopted has little impact on levels of use what is the point in pursuing a criminal justice approach which carries significant harms for individuals? [from Website]
Download or read book Illicit Trade and the Global Economy written by Cláudia Costa Storti and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists explore the relationship between expanding international trade and the parallel growth in illicit trade, including illegal drugs, smuggling, and organized crime. As international trade has expanded dramatically in the postwar period--an expansion accelerated by the opening of China, Russia, India, and Eastern Europe--illicit international trade has grown in tandem with it. This volume uses the economist's toolkit to examine the economic, political, and social problems resulting from such illicit activities as illegal drug trade, smuggling, and organized crime. The contributors consider several aspects of the illegal drug market, including the sometimes puzzling relationships among purity, price, and risk; the effect of globalization on the heroin and cocaine markets, examined both through mathematical models and with empirical data from the U.K; the spread of khat, a psychoactive drug imported legally to the U.K. as a vegetable; and the economic effect of the "war on drugs" on producer and consumer countries. Other chapters examine the hidden financial flows of organized crime, patterns of smuggling in international trade, Iran's illicit trading activity, and the impact of mafia-like crime on foreign direct investment in Italy.
Download or read book International Handbook of Alcohol Dependence and Problems written by Nick Heather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-05-18 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on alcohol dependence and alcohol-related problems in general, as well as their causes, treatment and prevention, this handbook also addresses the basic mechanisms of alcohol and its effects on human physiology and behaviour.
Download or read book Controlling Crime written by Philip J. Cook and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminal justice expenditures have more than doubled since the 1980s, dramatically increasing costs to the public. With state and local revenue shortfalls resulting from the recent recession, the question of whether crime control can be accomplished either with fewer resources or by investing those resources in areas other than the criminal justice system is all the more relevant. Controlling Crime considers alternative ways to reduce crime that do not sacrifice public safety. Among the topics considered here are criminal justice system reform, social policy, and government policies affecting alcohol abuse, drugs, and private crime prevention. Particular attention is paid to the respective roles of both the private sector and government agencies. Through a broad conceptual framework and a careful review of the relevant literature, this volume provides insight into the important trends and patterns of some of the interventions that may be effective in reducing crime.
Download or read book Drugs Politics written by Maziyar Ghiabi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers new and cutting-edge research on the role of drugs in Iranian society and government. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Between Prohibition and Legalization written by Ed Leuw and published by Kugler Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a period of two decades Dutch drug policy has evolved in partial opposition to the internationally dominant ideology of prohibitionism. The "normalizing" home policy, together with the compliance to law enforcement in the international arena, make up a rather complicated and ambivalent Dutch position in drug policy. The Dutch drug policy is fully in line with the international control practices against wholesale drug trafficking. In regards to its social drug policy, however, it has become a rare dissenter within an increasingly unifying and compelling international drug policy context. This book gives an account of the national Dutch drug control strategy.
Download or read book Guidelines for the Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1984 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Geography Of Illegal Drugs written by George F Rengert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nightly news and other media provide a constant reminder of illegal drug transport over American borders and along routes between various U.S. cities. The general public is well aware that law enforcement efforts to address the foreign supply and trafficking of illegal drugs into the United States is an ongoing battle.This useful and readable compendium gives a fascinating account of how illegal drugs are transported into and around the United States and throughout its neighborhoods. Criminologist and geographer George F. Rengert takes a unique approach to the problem of illegal drug distribution and U.S. drug markets. Using maps and charts to illustrate his findings, Rengert applies spacial diffusion models to the illegal drug trade and explains why certain drugs are transported and found in different parts of the country. For example, the highest concentration of marijuana plants is not on either coast, but rather across the middle of the United States?throughout what is known as the corn belt. At the local level Rengert assesses the patterns and processes that interconnect drug sales and neighborhood deterioration and change.The book also addresses the important issues of how illegal drugs in this country operate on wholesale and retail levels and ways in which law enforcement at the federal, state, and local levels contend with this widespread problem. Using ethnographic material to provide real-life examples, Rengert explores how drug dealers on the street expand spatially and predictably in their neighborhoods. He illustrates how this knowledge helps law enforcement in efforts to get these drugs off the streets.
Download or read book Club Drugs and Novel Psychoactive Substances written by Owen Bowden-Jones and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging illicit drugs pose a significant clinical challenge. This handbook offers an engaging, concise guide to managing these challenges.
Download or read book Drug Policy and the Public Good written by Thomas Babor and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illegal psychoactive substances and illicit prescription drugs are currently used on a daily basis all over the world. Affecting public health and social welfare, illicit drug use is linked to disease, disability, and social problems. Faced with an increase in usage, national and global policymakers are turning to addiction science for guidance on how to create evidence-based drug policy. Drug Policy and the Public Good is an objective analytical basis on which to build global drug policies. It presents the accumulated scientific knowledge on drug use in relation to policy development on a national and international level. By also revealing new epidemiological data on the global dimensions of drug misuse, it questions existing regulations and highlights the growing need for evidence-based, realistic, and coordinated drug policy. A critical review of cumulative scientific evidence, Drug Policy and the Public Good discusses four areas of drug policy; primary prevention programs in schools and other settings; supply reduction programs, including legal enforcement and drug interdiction; treatment interventions and harm reduction approaches; and control of the legal market through prescription drug regimes. In addition, it analyses the current state of global drug policy, and advocates improvements in the drafting of public health policy. Drug Policy and the Public Good is a global source of information and inspiration for policymakers involved in public health and social welfare. Presenting new research on illicit and prescription drug use, it is also an essential tool for academics, and a significant contribution to the translation of addiction research into effective drug policy.
Download or read book PharmaHandbook 5th Edition written by Todd D. Clark and published by PharmaHandbook 5th Edition. This book was released on 2007 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
