Download or read book The Role of Planar Cell Polarity Signaling in Neuronal Migration written by Crystal Faye Davey Hicks and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is a cell-contact mediated mechanism for transmitting polarity information between neighboring cells. PCP “core components” (Vangl, Fz, Pk, Dvl, and Celsr) are essential for a number of cell migratory events including the posterior migration of facial branchiomotor neurons (FBMNs) in the plane of the hindbrain neuroepithelium in zebrafish and mice. While the mechanism by which PCP signaling polarizes static epithelial cells is well understood, how PCP signaling controls highly dynamic processes like neuronal migration remains an important outstanding question given that PCP components have been implicated in a range of directed cell movements, particularly during vertebrate development. Here, I present evidence that PCP signaling is required both within FBMNs and in the hindbrain rhombomere 4 environment at the time when they initiate their migration. Correspondingly, I demonstrate planar polarized localization of PCP core components Vangl2 and Fzd3a in the hindbrain neuroepithelium, and transient localization of Vangl2 at the tips of retracting FBMN filopodia. Using high-resolution timelapse imaging of FBMNs in genetic chimeras I uncovered opposing cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous functions for Fzd3a and Vangl2 in regulating FBMN protrusive activity. Within FBMNs, Fzd3a is required to stabilize filopodia while Vangl2 has an antagonistic, destabilizing role. However, in the migratory environment Fzd3a acts to destabilize FBMN filopodia while Vangl2 has a stabilizing role. Together, my findings suggest a model in which PCP signaling between the planar polarized neuroepithelial environment and FBMNs directs migration by the selective stabilization of FBMN filopodia.
Download or read book The Role of Wnt planar Cell Polarity Signaling in Mouse Facial Branchiomotor Neuron Migration written by Derrick M. Glasco and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuronal migration is essential for the formation of distinct neural layers and functional neural networks in the developing central nervous system. As a model, we study the caudal migration of facial branchiomotor neurons (FBMNs) from rhombomere 4 (r4) to r6 within the developing mouse hindbrain. Since Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling components had been implicated in zebrafish FBMN migration, we tested whether they also were required in mice. FBMNs failed to migrate caudally in Vangl2 (Looptail) mutants, Vangl2 knockout embryos, and Ptk7 mutants, indicating a specific role for Vangl2 and Wnt/PCP signaling in FBMN migration. However, FBMNs migrated normally in Dishevelled 1/2 double mutants and in zebrafish embryos with disrupted dishevelled signaling. These results suggest strongly that the caudal migration of FBMNs is controlled by multiple components of the Wnt/PCP pathway, yet may not require the central signaling molecule Dishevelled.Interestingly, in Celsr1 (Crash) mutants, many FBMNs migrated rostrally instead of caudally, indicating a specific role for Celsr1 in the directionality of FBMN migration. To better understand how Celsr1 functions, we inactivated Celsr1 in specific hindbrain tissues and found that it functions within the ventricular zone of rhombomeres 3 through 5 to regulate FBMN directionality. Using anterograde labeling with lipophilic dyes, we also found that the starting positions of individual FBMNs within r4 correlated with the direction of migration in Celsr1Crsh/+ mutants. Together, these results indicate that Celsr1 is required in the ventricular zone of multiple rhombomeres to regulate the direction of FBMN migration, and provides insight as to how only a subset of FBMNs is affected in Celsr1 mutants.
Download or read book Planar Cell Polarity and Neurodevelopment written by Simon Dow-Kuang Sun and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planar cell polarity (PCP) is a developmental signaling mechanism that establishes a polarity within the plane of an epithelium. PCP has been shown to play a role in guiding numerous neurodevelopmental processes such as convergent extension, neuron migration, and axon pathfinding. Certain commissural neurons in the dorsal spinal cord make a series of guidance decisions en route to the brain: first, a ventral projection along the D-V axis, followed by a midline crossing, and after exiting the floorplate, a dorso-anterior turn along the A-P axis. Here, we provide in vivo evidence that the axons of the Commissural Primary Ascending (CoPAs) neurons in zebrafish require the PCP genes fzd3a, vangl2, and scribble for rostral pathfinding both before and after crossing the midline. Dorsoventral guidance of CoPA axons is unaltered in fzd3a, vangl2, and scribble mutants, suggesting that the PCP signaling pathway only controls A-P guidance of CoPAs. Our results have provided evidence for two potential non- mutually exclusive models: (i) A-P axon guidance is achieved by cell-autonomous Wnt-Frizzled signaling or that (ii) A-P axon guidance is achieved by non-cell-autonomous PCP signaling in the neuroepithelial environment. The single-cell nature of the CoPA axon system allows for simple genetic manipulation and visualization, which will potentially elucidate the validity of either model. Scribble (Scrib), a member of the LAP family, plays a critical role in establishing and regulating cell polarization in epithelia and during cell migration. In zebrafish, Scrib mutants have defects in convergent extension (CE) cell movements and facial branchiomotor neuron (FBMN) migration. Despite our understanding of Scrib's genetic role in neurodevelopment, little is known about the subcellular localization of endogenous Scrib in vivo during CE and FBMN migration. We have generated a monoclonal antibody against the C-terminus of zebrafish Scrib and have shown that this antibody is specific against endogenous Scrib in both western blot and immunocytochemical applications. Confocal microscopy of Scrib immunocytochemistry shows that at various developmental stages, Scrib distinctly localizes to basolateral membranes of non polarized epithelium, to the membrane in mesodermal cells undergoing CE, and to the membrane of migrating FBMNs. Furthermore, the distribution of Scrib puncta along membranes of FBMN- FBMN contact is significantly altered in the PCP mutant pk1b. Further application of our newly generated Scrib antibody will potentially lead to new insight on Scrib's role in neurodevelopment.
Download or read book Role of Wnt Planar Cell Polarity Genes in Migration of Facial Branchiomotor Neurons written by Whitney Bryant-Pike and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During brain development, newborn neurons must migrate to precise locations in order to establish functional circuitry. Defective neuronal migration underlies several human brain disorders. The facial branchiomotor (FBM) neurons providing an intriguing model to examine neuronal migration mechanisms. Migration of these neurons requires the function of components of the Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) signaling pathway. In the mouse, these neurons are born in rhombomere 4 (r4) of the hindbrain, and migrate caudally into r6 to form the facial motor nucleus. In mice carrying mutations in the gene encoding the Wnt/PCP cadherin Ceslr1, caudal migration is intact, but a significant subset of neurons inappropriately migrates rostrally, suggesting that Celsr1 regulates the directionality of migration. Tissue-specific Celsr1 knockouts indicate that Celsr1 likely functions within the ventricular zone of rhombomeres 3 and 4. These and other data suggest that Wnt-mediated signaling may inappropriately attract FBM neurons into r3 in Celsr1 mutants, and that such attraction is normally suppressed in wild type embryos. In Celsr1 mutants, the inactivation of Dvl suppresses the rostral migration phenotype, suggesting that rostral migration is Dvl-dependent. Therefore, we hypothesized that FBM neurons can potentially respond to the chemoattractant Wnt5a in r3 through a Dvl-dependent pathway, but that Celsr1 in the rostral hindbrain normally suppresses Wnt activity, preventing inappropriate rostral migration. FBM neurons of wild type mice can be attracted towards ectopic sources of Wnt5a placed in the rostral hindbrain. Consistent with our hypothesis, migration of FBM neurons towards Wnt5a coated beads placed in r3 in Dvl2-/- hindbrain explants was greatly reduced compared to migration in Dvl2+/+ and Dvl2+/- explants. Thus it appears that the suppression of responsiveness to Wnt5a could be preventing the neurons from responding to the chemoattractant signal in r3 and blocking rostral migration. If Celsr1 is acting in r3 and r4 to suppress attraction toward Wnts in r3, it is possible that Celsr1 is upstream of a Wnt antagonist. Therefore, we hypothesized that in the absence of Wnt antagonists, the rostral migration phenotype will be recapitulated because Wnt is able to attract the FBM neurons rostrally. Hence, we analyzed the roles of Wnt antagonists like the secreted Frizzled Related Proteins (sFRPs) in the migration of FBM neurons. sFRP1 expression significantly overlaps that of Wnt5a in the mouse hindbrain. In sFRP1; sFRP2 compound mutants, inappropriate rostral migration was not observed. However, FBM neurons exit the migratory stream precociously during caudal migration, suggesting that sFRPs may constrain the behavior of caudally migrating FBM neurons. To further elucidate the mechanisms regulating rostral migration of FBM neurons, we performed an expression profiling screen (RNA-seq) to identify genes that are misregulated in Celsr1+/Crash hindbrains. RNA-sequencing was performed using the Illumina platform, and analyzed using TopHat, Cufflinks, and CuffDiff. Candidate genes were further short-listed using various criteria, and several candidates have been identified for future analyses.
Download or read book Cell Polarity in Development and Disease written by Douglas W Houston and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Polarity in Development and Disease offers insights into the basic molecular mechanisms of common diseases that arise as a result of a loss of ordered organization and intrinsic polarity. Included are diseases affecting highly polarized epithelial tissues in the lung and kidney, as well as loss and gain of cell polarity in the onset and progression of cancer. This book provides a basic resource for understanding the biology of polarity, offering a starting point for those thinking of targeting cell polarity for translational medical research. Provides basic science understanding of cell polarity disease and development Covers diseases affecting polarized epithelial tissues in the lung and kidney, also covering the progression of cancer Includes historical context of cell polarity research for potential future breakthroughs
Download or read book Adhesion G Protein coupled Receptors written by Tobias Langenhan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latest research on Adhesion GPCRs has unearthed surprising revelations about the events that govern the signal transduction of these receptor molecules and the cellular and organ requirements for these signals. Unexpected and unprecedented findings suggest that Adhesion GPCRs constitute a group of receptors that sense mechanical stimuli and transcode them into metabotropic signals through the action of a novel activation paradigm. Interdisciplinary efforts transcending many areas of biomedical research including pharmacology, physiology, genetics, cell biology, structural biology, biochemistry and bioinformatics were necessary to unveil these fundamental properties. The scientific leaders in the field that carried this research effort have teamed up here to provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding, how Adhesion GPCRs signal and how these receptors shape organ structure and function.
Download or read book A Role for the Planar Cell Polarity Pathway in Neuronal Positioning Along the AP Axis of C Elegans written by Raymond Tanner and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We sought to investigate the role of the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway in neuronal positioning along the Anterior-Posterior (AP) axis of C. elegans, and chose the worm's DD-type motor neurons as a model. The six DD neurons (DD1-DD6) are evenly spaced in the ventral nerve cord of wild type animals. Here we showed that mutations in core PCP genes caused DD neuron spacing and positioning defects. prkl-1 double mutant combinations with vang-1 and fmi-1 showed a suppression of the more severe prkl-1 single mutant defects, which was evidence of genetic interactions between these PCP components. We also conducted a candidate screen of Frizzled, Dishevelled, Wnt, and ROCK genes, and found that dsh-1/Dishevelled, mom-2/Wnt and let-502/ROCK also played roles in DD neuronal positioning. Both vang-1 and prkl-1 were found to function within the nervous system to guide DD neuronal positioning, and prkl-1 was further identified as playing a cell autonomous role. The origins of observed DD neuron anterior positioning defects were investigated during embryogenesis, in which 1.5 fold stage prkl-1(ok3182) embryos displayed delayed intercalation of the DD neurons. This represents a novel role for the PCP pathway in mediating DD neuronal intercalation.
Download or read book Dynamics of Planar Polarity in the Vertebrate Nervous System written by Andrew Walter Mathewson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The asymmetric localization of planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins is essential for the establishment of many planar polarized cellular processes, but the mechanisms that maintain these asymmetric distributions remain poorly understood. A body of evidence has tied oriented subapical microtubules (MTs) to the establishment of PCP protein polarity, yet recent studies have suggested that the MT cytoskeleton is later dispensable for the maintenance of this asymmetry. As MTs underlie the vesicular trafficking of membrane-bound proteins within cells, the requirement for MTs in the maintenance of PCP merited further investigation. I sought to investigate the complex interactions between PCP proteins and the MT cytoskeleton in the polarized context of the floorplate of the zebrafish neural tube. We demonstrated that the progressive posterior polarization of the primary cilia of floorplate cells requires not only Vangl2 but also Fzd3a. I determined that GFP-Vangl2 asymmetrically localizes to anterior membranes whereas Fzd3a-GFP is equally distributed on anterior and posterior membranes but maintains a cytosolic enrichment at the base of the primary cilium. Vesicular Fzd3a-GFP is rapidly trafficked along MTs primarily toward the apical membrane during a period of PCP maintenance, whereas GFP-Vangl2 appears to be less dynamic, maintaining asymmetry at the membrane. Nocodazole-induced loss of MT polymerization disrupts basal body positioning as well as GFP-Vangl2 localization and reduces cytosolic Fzd3a-GFP movements. Removal of nocodazole after MT disruption restores MT polymerization but does not restore basal body polarity. Interestingly, GFP-Vangl2 repolarizes to anterior membranes and Fzd3a-GFP largely re-establishes normal dynamics after multiple hours of recovery, even in the context of unpolarized basal bodies. Together my findings challenge previous work by revealing an ongoing role for MT-dependent transport of PCP proteins in maintaining both cellular and PCP protein asymmetry during development. PCP signaling has been implicated in the directional migration of single cells during development, especially within the developing nervous system. One such migration is the tangential migration of facial branchiomotor neurons (FBMNs) in the highly polarized context of the vertebrate hindbrain. It is well-established that many core PCP and PCP-related signaling components are required for FBMN migration, yet how PCP signaling is used to enable this migration is not well understood. By systematically disrupting PCP signaling in a rhombomere-restricted manner we show that PCP signaling is required both within FBMNs and the hindbrain rhombomere 4 environment at the time when they initiate their migration. Correspondingly, we demonstrate planar polarized localization of PCP core components Vangl2 and Fzd3a in the hindbrain neuroepithelium, and transient localization of Vangl2 at the tips of retracting FBMN filopodia. Using high-resolution timelapse imaging of FBMNs in genetic chimeras we uncover opposing cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous functions for Fzd3a and Vangl2 in regulating FBMN protrusive activity. Within FBMNs, Fzd3a is required to stabilize filopodia while Vangl2 has an antagonistic, destabilizing role. However, in the migratory environment Fzd3a acts to destabilize FBMN filopodia while Vangl2 has a stabilizing role. Together, our findings suggest a model in which PCP signaling between the planar polarized neuroepithelial environment and FBMNs directs migration by the selective stabilization of FBMN filopodia.
Download or read book Planar Cell Polarity Pathway and Axon Guidance in the Developing Spinal Cord written by Jeong Deok Beth Shafer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of the mammalian central nervous system to interpret the environment accurately, integrate information efficiently, and generate appropriate responses depends on the precise wiring and organization of billions of neurons into functional networks. The establishment of neural circuits to enable the eventual flow of sensory information requires that axons navigate across vast (on a cellular scale) distances. For somatosensory neurons, guidance takes place during development when axons must grow to the brain via a series of intermediate targets, each step of which involves the detection and response to numerous extracellular cues. Therefore, to develop a comprehensive understanding of how neurons form appropriate connections requires that axonal responses to these molecular guidance cues be clearly defined. This dissertation presents studies of axon guidance in a model cellular system, the somatosensory commissural neurons of the spinal cord. I have characterized the role of Wnt-Frizzled signaling in these neurons, and found that the non-canonical Wnt-Fzd signaling, known as the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway, is fundamental to commissural axon guidance. Further, by analysis of animal models of PCP dysfunction, Celsr3 null and Vangl2 mutant mice, I show that PCP is required for anterior guidance of commissural axons toward the brain. Equally important, I describe the mechanism by which the PCP pathway mediates axon growth decisions through the use of primary spinal neuron and eukaryotic cell cultures and biochemical techniques. I present evidence to show that modifications of PCP surface receptors, Fzd3 and Vangl2, at the cell membrane are critical to PCP signaling and constitute a spatio-temporal response to Wnt molecules secreted from the ventral spinal cord. Together, these data reveal a novel role for the PCP pathway in axon guidance. It is hoped that the results of these studies will provide a more general model for the role of membrane receptor modifications in the establishment of neuronal circuitry.
Download or read book Mouse Development written by Jacek Z. Kubiak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mouse is a perfect model organism to study mammalian, and thus indirectly also human, embryology. Most scientific achievements that have had an important impact on the understanding of basic mechanisms governing embryo development in humans, originated from mouse embryology. Stem cell research, which now offers the promise of regenerative medicine, began with the isolation and culture of mouse embryonic stem cells by Martin Evans (who received the Nobel Prize in medicine in 2007 for this achievement) and Matthew Kaufman. This book provides an overview of mouse development, spanning from oocytes before fertilization to the state-of-the-art description of embryonic and adult stem cells. The chapters, written by the leading specialists in the field, deal with the most recent discoveries in this extremely fast-developing area of research.
Download or read book Polarity Regulation During Neuronal Migration and Differentiation written by Holden Richard Higginbotham and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key requirement of normal brain development is that during their proliferation, migration and differentiation precursors and daughter neurons establish and maintain a specific cell polarity, defined as having one or more axes of symmetry. Cell polarization divides the cell into different functional domains and facilitates the orientation of neurons within the overall brain framework, allowing functional connections to be established. In this dissertation I will describe work I have performed to address the question of how cell polarity is regulated during neuron migration and differentiation. I will address how the cytoskeleton and cell polarity are dynamically regulated in migrating neurons of the embryonic and adult forebrain. Specifically, I will investigate how the position of the centrosome is regulated in response to guidance cues in tangentially migrating neurons. To visualize the centrosome I have generated a transgenic mouse line that expresses a GFP-tagged centrosomal protein. In vitro studies were conducted using tangentially migrating neurons from postnatal transgenic mice to determine what molecules regulate the centrosome's position. I found that the polarity molecules GSK-3[Beta] and aPKC[Xi] regulate the centrosome's position and that repolarization in response to guidance cues depends the activity of these factors. Additionally, I analyze centrosomal position during radial migration in the embryonic cortex and report on the effect of disrupting polarity factors during migration. Next I report on the role of the microtubule-associated protein Doublecortin (DCX) in tangentially migrating neurons and show that loss of DCX results in inefficient consolidation of a single leading process during migration. Lastly, I show that during radial migration in embryogenesis, DCX cooperates with its gene-family member DCK1 to exit the multipolar stage of migration and assume a bipolar morphology.
Download or read book The Potential Role of Rac Signalling and the Planar Cell Polarity Pathway in Wiring of the Enteric Nervous System written by V. Sasselli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The functional development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) requires newly generated neurons and their progenitors to migrate to their appropriate sites, extend neurites, guide axons and dendrites to suitable locations and establish synaptic connections with the appropriate targets. Very little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying these processes. Recent studies have suggested a potential role of Rho GTPases as intracellular regulators of several ENS developmental processes. However, the relative participation of specific members of the family in migration, neurogenesis and axonal guidance of enteric progenitors has not been addressed yet. Here, we investigate the in vivo role and genetic interaction of two members of the Rho-GTPase family, Rac1 and Rac3 in enteric neurogenesis. Taking advantage of the Cre/loxP recombination system and a Rac1 conditional inactivation mouse strain (Rac1flox/flox), we generated a Sox10Cre; Rac1flox/flox;R26ReYFP mouse line, where Rac1 gene is specifically ablated in the neural crest population which is also labeled by the expression of Yellow Fluorescent Protein. Secondly, we generated double Rac1;Rac3 mutant animals by crossing the Sox10Cre;Rac1flox;R26ReYFP mouse line to a constitutive Rac3 KO strain (Rac3-/-). In vivo and in vitro studies on Rac-deficient enteric neural crest cells and neurons showed distinctive roles for Rac1 and Rac3 in migration of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs), in development of enteric neurons and in control of cell polarity within the developing ENS. In addition, we also undertook a candidate gene approach to investigate the involvement of Wnt-signaling genes in enteric axon guidance and circuit formation. We found that two of the core components of the Planar Cell Polarity pathway, the Wnt receptor Frizzled 3 (Fzd3) and the Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3 (Celsr3) are expressed specifically in ENCCs during embryonic development. Here we show, by using a combination of in vivo approaches that in mice deficient in either protein, enteric neurons had characteristic defects in neuronal tract formation and in patterning of individual axonal projections evident from early stages of ENS development. Furthermore, preliminary data show that these specific defects in ENS wiring might be the cause of impaired intestinal function and, therefore, provide the basis for understanding the aetiopathology of several idiopathic enteric neuropathies in humans.
Download or read book Cell Polarity and Morphogenesis written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Polarity and Morphogenesis, the latest volume in the Methods in Cell Biology series, looks at cell polarity and morphogenesis. Edited by leaders in the field, this volume provides proven, state-of-art techniques, along with relevant historical background and theory, to aid researchers in efficient design and effective implementation of experimental methodologies.
Download or read book Planar Cell Polarization during Development written by Marek Mlodzik and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-08-02 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellular polarization is key to all cellular functions. Our perceptions, which are derived from our senses, depend on the proper cellular polarization of our sense organs, such as the eyes or ears. Much of this book examines the different aspects in cellular polarization and its researched role in the Drosophila, where the first planar cellular polarity (PCP) gene was discovered over 20 years ago. Topics also include: From flies to man: how we are polarized, Marking an embryo work, Cellular polarization at its functional best, Hearing and seeing your environment, and From a cell to an organ. This series represents timely issues in developmental biology. It provides annual reviews of selected topics, written from the perspectives of leading investigators in the field of development. * Presents many various organisms such as flies, fish, frogs and mice * Offers over 40 exceptional illustrations * First of its kind to include new data and detailed models on cell planar polarization
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Developmental Biology Part B written by Paul Wassarman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2016 Current Topics in Developmental Biology (CTDB) will celebrate its 50th or “golden anniversary. To commemorate the founding of CTDB by Aron Moscona (1921-2009) and Alberto Monroy (1913-1986) in 1966, a two-volume set of CTDB (volumes 116 and 117), entitled Essays on Development, will be published by Academic Press/Elsevier in early 2016. The volumes are edited by Paul M. Wassarman, series editor of CTDB, and include contributions from dozens of outstanding developmental biologists from around the world. Overall, the essays provide critical reviews and discussion of developmental processes for a variety of model organisms. Many essays relate the history of a particular area of research, others personal experiences in research, and some are quite philosophical. Essays on Development provides a window onto the rich landscape of contemporary research in developmental biology and should be useful to both students and investigators for years to come. Covers the area of developmental processes for a variety of model organisms International board of authors Part of two 50th Anniversary volumes proving a comprehensive set of reviews edited by Serial Editor Paul M. Wassarman
Download or read book Tight Junctions in Cancer Metastasis written by Tracey A. Martin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a dramatic increase in knowledge of tight junctions in the past decade. The molecular structure of tight junctions, cellular functions and the pathophysiological roles of tight junctions are becoming clear. Of the most important functions, the role of the cellular structure in cancer spread and drug delivery are increasingly realised. It is now clear that there are fundamental changes to tight junctions during the process of cancer development. Tight junctions are also critical to the metastatic process of cancer cells. The cellular structure is also crucial in drug therapies, namely, the permeability and bioavailability of the drugs, penetration of barriers such as the blood brain barrier. This current volume aims to summarise the current knowledge of tight junctions, their role in cancer and cancer metastasis and is of interest to scientists and clinicians.
