Download or read book The Role of Lipid Domains and Sterol Chemistry in Nanoparticle cell Membrane Interactions written by Andrew B. Fuhrer and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing interest in the scientific research community to develop nanoparticles for use in novel commercial and biomedical applications, fueled by recent advances in nanotechnology and nanoparticle synthesis. Potential applications for nanoparticles include use as catalysts during chemical manufacturing processes, use as drug delivery vehicles and imaging agents for biomedical applications, and as surfaces for adsorption during removal of environmental pollutants. The use of nanoparticles in such applications has raised questions concerning their safety and impact on human health. Answers to these questions require a greater understanding of the interactions between nanoparticles and living cells. Models of the cell membrane have been employed to investigate how nanoparticles may adsorb to, fuse with, or penetrate the cell membrane, however careful consideration of the membrane model for such mechanistic studies is necessary. This thesis investigates the role of membrane lipid domains, which are lipid phase segregations comprised of saturated lipids and sterols, in modulating nanoparticle-membrane interactions and further explores how sterol chemistry impacts said interaction. Model membranes were synthesized with an equimolar ratio of sphingomyelin, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and varied sterol composition to yield vesicles with varied lipid domain properties. Fluorescence anisotropy and Forster resonance energy transfer of fluorescent probes was measured to quantify the degree of ordered domain formation in model vesicles. Additionally, confocal microscopy was performed to visualize lipid domains. Following lipid domain characterization, vesicles in which a self-quenching fluorescent dye was encapsulated were exposed to plain silica nanoparticles (diameter 37.5 ± 1.8 nm) and leakage of dye was measured to determine the degree of membrane disruption. By analyzing the results of vesicle leakage assays alongside the results from domain characterization, it was concluded that the lipid domain profile of the membrane alone is not an ideal predictor of nanoparticle-membrane interactions

Download or read book Life As a Matter of Fat written by Ole G. Mouritsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-24 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a multi-disciplinary perspective on the physics of life and the particular role played by lipids and the lipid-bilayer component of cell membranes. Emphasizes the physical properties of lipid membranes seen as soft and molecularly structured interfaces. By combining and synthesizing insights obtained from a variety of recent studies, an attempt is made to clarify what membrane structure is and how it can be quantitatively described. Shows how biological function mediated by membranes is controlled by lipid membrane structure and organization on length scales ranging from the size of the individual molecule, across molecular assemblies of proteins and lipid domains in the range of nanometers, to the size of whole cells. Applications of lipids in nano-technology and biomedicine are also described.

Download or read book Lipid Domains written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume offers an up to date presentation of current knowledge in the field of Lipid Domains. - Written by leading experts - Contains original material, both textual and illustrative, that should become a very relevant reference material - The material is presented in a very comprehensive manner - Both researchers in the field and general readers should find relevant and up-to-date information

Download or read book Handbook of Lipid Membranes written by Cyrus R. Safinya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a unique overview of lipid membrane fundamentals and applications. The fascinating world of lipids that harbor and govern so many biological functionalities are discussed within the context of membrane structures, interactions, and shape evolution. Beyond the fundamentals in lipid science, this handbook focuses on how scientists are building bioinspired biomimetic systems for applications in medicine, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. Key Features: Includes experimental and theoretical overviews on the role of lipids, with or without associated biomolecules, as structural components imparting distinct membrane shapes and intermembrane interactions Covers the mechanisms of lipid-membrane curvature, by peptide and protein binding, and the roles of signalling lipids and the cytoskeleton in plasma membrane shape evolution Covers advanced X-ray and force measurement techniques Discusses applications in biomedicine, cosmetics, and nanotechnology, including lipid vectors in nucleic acid, drug delivery in dermal applications, and lipid-based sensors and artificial biointerfaces Covers artificial membranes from block copolymers, synthetic copolypeptides, and recombinant proteins Includes an exciting section that explores the role of lipids in the origin of life in hydrothermal conditions This book is a highly informative companion for professionals in biophysics, biochemistry, physical chemistry, and material and pharmaceutical sciences and bioengineering.

Download or read book Influence of Proteins and Ordered Lipid Domains on Nanoparticle Interactions with Model Biomembranes written by Eric S. Melby and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of nanoparticle interaction with model biomembranes can provide important insights into the role of individual biomolecules in governing these interactions that are often not possible in studies with living cells as a result of their biomolecular complexity. That being said, it is important that we balance the simplicity that our model systems can provide with the true complexity of the systems we aim to understand. In this field researchers have focused on understanding the interaction between as-synthesized nanoparticles and model biomembranes composed of a single phospholipid or binary mixtures of phospholipids. While these studies are fundamentally important, it is critical that we simultaneously begin to expand this research in new directions by systematically evaluating how other important membrane structures, membrane biomolecules, and nanoparticle alterations after synthesis may govern nanoparticle interactions with biological systems. In the studies discussed here we have pushed the boundaries of research in this field and demonstrated the dramatic effect that phase-segregated membrane domains, peripheral membrane proteins, and nanoparticles modified by the formation of complexes with proteins can have on nanoparticle interactions with model biomembranes. Taken together these results provide insights into designing studies with nanoparticles and model biomembranes that more closely parallel the interactions between nanoparticles and true cellular membranes. This includes the need to investigate how after-synthesis nanoparticle modifications, such as complexation with proteins and natural organic matter, alter the properties of nanoparticles and ultimately their interactions with biological systems. Furthermore, it highlights the need to carefully consider all membrane biomolecules and the ways in which their presence in the membrane may guide the interactions with nanoparticles, not simply individual phospholipids. Finally, investigations of nanoparticle interaction with model biomembranes that most effectively mimic the interactions with true biological systems should be guided by collaborations that bring together experts in model biomembranes, living cells, and computational simulations. Such collaborations will result in deeper, and more rapid, insights that have the potential to deeply benefit society through the effective use of benign nanoparticles.

Download or read book Peptide Lipid Interactions written by Sidney A. Simon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-11-13 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a comprehensive overview of peptide-lipid interactions by leading researchers. The first part covers theoretical concepts, experimental considerations, and thermodynamics. The second part presents new results obtained through site-directed EPR, electron microscopy, NMR, isothermal calorimetry, and fluorescence quenching. The final part covers problems of biological interest, including signal transduction, membrane transport, fusion, and adhesion. Key Features * world-renowned experts * state-of-the-art experimental methods * monolayers, bilayers, biological membranes * theoretical aspects and computer simulations * rafts * synaptic transmission * membrane fusion * signal transduction

Download or read book Expansion Microscopy for Cell Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expansion Microscopy for Cell Biology, Volume 161 in the Methods in Cell Biology series, compiles recent developments in expansion microscopy techniques (Pro-ExM, U-ExM, Ex-STED, X10, Ex-dSTORM, etc.) and their applications in cell biology, ranging from mitosis, centrioles or nuclear pore complex to plant cell, bacteria, Drosophila or neurons. Chapters in this new release include Protein-retention Expansion Microscopy: Improved Sub-cellular Imaging Resolution through Physical Specimen Expansion, Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy (U-ExM), Expansion STED microscopy (ExSTED), Simple multi-color super-resolution by X10 microscopy, Expansion microscopy imaging of various neuronal structures, Mapping the neuronal cytoskeleton using expansion microscopy, Mechanical expansion microscopy, and much more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Represents the latest release in the Methods in Cell Biology series - Includes the latest information on Expansion Microscopy for Cell Biology

Download or read book Phospholipid Bilayers written by Gregor Cevc and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-05-04 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the principles underlying the fundamental physical properties of phospholipid bilayer membranes and summarizes current research in the field and directions for research. Covers the various methods of approach, summarizes a range of specific models, and gives detailed accounts of those models most useful for future work. Introduces the subject in a way that is accessible to those with little background in the subject, while presenting information at the forefront of current knowledge concerning it.

Download or read book The Giant Vesicle Book written by Rumiana Dimova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 1144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giant vesicles are widely used as a model membrane system, both for basic biological systems and for their promising applications in the development of smart materials and cell mimetics, as well as in driving new technologies in synthetic biology and for the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. The reader is guided to use giant vesicles, from the formation of simple membrane platforms to advanced membrane and cell system models. It also includes fundamentals for understanding lipid or polymer membrane structure, properties and behavior. Every chapter includes ideas for further applications and discussions on the implications of the observed phenomena towards understanding membrane-related processes. The Giant Vesicle Book is meant to be a road companion, a trusted guide for those making their first steps in this field as well as a source of information required by experts. Key Features • A complete summary of the field, covering fundamental concepts, practical methods, core theory, and the most promising applications • A start-up package of theoretical and experimental information for newcomers in the field • Extensive protocols for establishing the required preparations and assays • Tips and instructions for carefully performing and interpreting measurements with giant vesicles or for observing them, including pitfalls • Approaches developed for investigating giant vesicles as well as brief overviews of previous studies implementing the described techniques • Handy tables with data and structures for ready reference

Download or read book Lipids in Nanotechnology written by Moghis U. Ahmad and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-15 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field which includes fundamental nanoscale phenomena and processes, nanomaterials, nanoscale devices and systems, nanomanufacturing, and benefits and risks of nanotechnology. This book serves as a valuable reference and resource for those interested in the field of nanotechnology – from basic research to engineering aspects of nanoparticles. It covers thermodynamics to engineering aspects of nanoparticles or nanoemulsions; synthesis and applications of surface active lipids to food and cosmetics; and pharmaceutical applications to nanomedicine. Lipids in Nanotechnology will be useful to scholars, scientists, and technologists who are interested in the field of lipid nanotechnology. - Discusses an overview of the opportunities and challenges of lipids in nanotechnology - Presents applications of nanotechnology for use in drug delivery, nanomedicine, and pharmaceutical developments - Explores the potential for lipids to act as encapsulation agents or delivery vehicles of bioactive compounds

Download or read book Nanocosmetics written by Jean Cornier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the application of nanotechnology to cosmetics. Edited by three respected experts in the field, the book begins with a general overview of the science behind cosmetics and skin care today, and of the status quo of nanotechnology in cosmetics. Subsequent chapters provide detailed information on the different nanoparticles currently used in cosmetics; the production and characterization of nanoparticles and nanocosmetics; and regulatory, safety and commercialization aspects. Given its scope, the book offers an indispensable guide for scientists in academia and industry, technicians and students, as well as a useful resource for decision-makers in the field and consumer organizations. Chapter 6 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 licence at link.springer.com.

Download or read book Soft Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications written by José Callejas-Fernández and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-06-18 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoparticles are attractive for many biomedical applications such as imaging, therapeutics and diagnostics. This new book looks at different soft nanoparticles and their current and potential uses in medicine and health including magnetoliposomes, micro/nanogels, polymeric micelles, DNA particles, dendrimers and bicelles. Each chapter provides a description of the synthesis of the particles and focus on the techniques used to characterize the size, shape, surface charge, internal structure, and surface microstructure of the nanoparticles together with modeling and simulation methods. By giving a strong physical-chemical approach to the topic, readers will gain a good background into the subject and an overview of recent developments. The multidisciplinary point of view makes the book suitable for postgraduate students and researchers in physics, chemistry, and biology interested in soft matter and its uses.

Download or read book Pathobiology of Alzheimer s Disease written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-10-17 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience Perspectives provides multidisciplinary reviews of topics in one of the most diverse and rapidly advancing fields in the life sciences.Whether you are a new recruit to neuroscience, or an established expert, look to this series for 'one-stop' sources of the historical, physiological, pharmacological, biochemical, molecular biological and therapeutic aspects of chosen research areas.The last decade has seen tremendous advances in our understanding of the pathobiology of Alzheimer's disease. These will lead to the first generation of drugs aimed at prevention rather than cure. This book covers some of the most important and exciting of these advances, with chapters written by many of the leading researchers in the field.With genetic studies as a backbone to this volume many chapters are devoted to the function and regulation of amyloid b-protein precursor (APP) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE). Other chapters describe cell biological approaches helping to piece together the link between the genetic alterations and the phenotype we call Alzheimer's disease.Although APP and its proteolytic cleavage product, amyloid b-protein, do not answer all the questions, detailed research into this system has undoubtedly increased our knowledge of the pathobiology of AD and has lead to the identification of other risk factors. Understanding the role of ApoE in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease promises to open a whole new field in AD research.* * Reviews the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease from a clinical perspective to a genetic and cell biological perspective* A comprehensive description of the role of amyloid B-protein precursor in Alzheimer's disease.* Up-to-date research data* Clear illustrations complement the text

Download or read book Cholesterol in Membrane Models written by Leonard X. Finegold and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-12-15 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cholesterol in Membrane Models provides the most recent summary available of basic molecular models and experiments in models of biological membranes. The book introduces the cell biology of cholesterol and covers the modeling of cholesterol in model membranes by the mean field and Monte Carlo theoretical methods. The experimental movement of cholesterol into model membranes and phase diagrams of cholesterol in these membranes by nuclear magnetic resonance and by thermal techniques using different lipid chain lengths are discussed. Light and electron microscopy that explore the spatial distribution of cholesterol in the model membrane are covered. The book also examines the use of infrared/Raman and neutron spectroscopy. Cholesterol in Membrane Models is an excellent learning resource, research tool, and reference for a wide range of experimental and theoretical scientists, including cellular biologists, biophysicists, biochemists, and molecular modelers.

Download or read book Lipid Bilayers written by J. Katsaras and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the reader with an up to date insight of the current state of the art in the field of lipid bilayer research and the important insights derived for the understanding of the complex and varied behaviour of biological membranes and its function.

Download or read book Therapeutic Oligonucleotides written by Jens Kurreck and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2008 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a compelling overall update on current status of RNA interference

Download or read book Chemistry and Biological Activity of Steroids written by Jorge António Ribeiro Salvador and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-02-26 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The steroid scaffold continues to be the structural basis of new drugs for a variety of targets and diseases. Indeed, steroids interact with enzymes and receptors in a strikingly specific manner. Chemistry and Biological Activity of Steroids aims to provide an updated overview of recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of steroids. Novel synthetic methods in the steroids field, including steroid biotransformations, new steroids able to tackle steroid receptors, and steroid enzymes with clinical relevance, are critically reviewed in this book. Furthermore, the diverse physiopathological roles of oxysterols and their therapeutic value are also discussed.