Download or read book Credit s Effect on Productivity in Chinese Agriculture written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship Between Credit and Productivity in Chinese Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Productivity Growth In China s Agriculture written by Shenggen Fan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study by Shenggen Fan makes three important and original contributions. It is the first study to report regional patterns of productivity growth in Chinese agriculture. There have been dramatic differences in output and productivity growth among Chinese regions. The second contribution is to measure the separate effects of technical change and institutional reform on productivity growth. Much of the rapid growth in agricultural production and in productivity since the late 1970s has been a consequence of an important series of institutional reforms. The third contribution is the first test of the induced innovation hypothesis against experience in a centrally planned economy. Regional patterns of productivity growth are consistent with the hypothesis that the path of technical change has been responsive to regional differences in resource endowments.
Download or read book The Evolution of Agricultural Credit during China s Republican Era 1912 1949 written by Hong Fu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the modern era, China’s rural credit landscape is transforming at a dizzying rate, but, in terms of financial development, these changes represent a second attempt in the past 100 years to reform China’s credit institutions and provide credit access to farmers. The first period was during the Republican era, between 1912 and 1949, which saw the first attempts at formalizing rural credit with the Industrial and Agricultural Banks. This book uses primary data and papers to present a full picture of the difficult conditions China faced during the Republican era in order to explain the myriad reforms to the country's rural credit system. Fu and Turvey build a narrative around these developments based on the foundation of thousands of years of dynastic rule in order to explore the specific impacts of drought, floods, famine, communist insurgencies, Japanese expansionism, and more on credit access, supply and demand. They consider powerful personalities—such as J.B. Taylor, John Lossing Buck, Paul Hsu and Timothy Richards—and influential institutions—from Nanking and Nankai Universities to the China International Famine Relief Commission—that sought ways to end the cycle that trapped the vast majority of Chinese farmers in poverty. This rich, wide-ranging, and stimulating work will appeal both to readers focused on present day China and those who want to understand China’s rural economy and credit policies in a historical context.
Download or read book Productivity and Growth in Chinese Agriculture written by Yanrui Wu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's agricultural growth in the past two decades has been called a miracle. An analysis of the sources of this miraculous growth is the focus of the present volume. In addition, this book also investigates the impact of economic reforms on agriculture, the potential of grain production in China, and regional disparities in agricultural production and growth performance. This book adds to the literature and contributes to the current debates on food security and rural development.
Download or read book New Directions in China s Agricultural Lending written by Fred Gale and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has substantially boosted lending to farmers & agribus. in recent years. The balance of loans to farmers doubled between 2001 & 2005. Loans for agribus. & rural infrastructure rose as well. Rural credit coop. & banks that lend to ag. are being reformed & commercialized but ag. lending is still largely policy-driven. The boost in farm lending is one of several policy initiatives to aid farmers. Chinese ag. remains dominated by extremely small farms using little physical capital, but rising investment is helping the sector diversify & is improving the quality & safety of ag. produce. The campaign to inject capital into rural China is enabled by an abundant supply of domestic savings & large inflows of foreign investment. Illustrations.
Download or read book Chinese Agriculture in the 1930s written by Hao Hu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume analyzes land utilization data from farm surveys taken in China between 1929 and 1933. This data, which was the foundation for John Lossing Buck’s seminal work Land Utilization in China (1937), was thought lost to history until rediscovered in 2000. The book presents the first modern analyses of agricultural economics in Republican China using Buck’s micro-data, covering important topics such as nutritional poverty, tenancy issues, land productivity, surplus labor, workers’ incomes, credit supply, and regional differences. Through using modern analytical methods, this book presents a more accurate picture of the agricultural economy in the Republican Era and will be of particular interest to agricultural economists, economic historians, and Chinese studies scholars.
Download or read book China s Agricultural Development written by Xiao-yuan Dong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies the main challenges Chinese agriculture is confronting and considers how these challenges might be met. The performance of China's agricultural production is comprehensively assessed while the factors that affect agricultural productivity are examined through detailed econometric analysis and up to date nationally representative data.
Download or read book China in the Global Economy Rural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in China written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2004-04-23 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents the proceedings of a conference that took stock of achievements China has made in agricultural finance and credit infrastructure and discussed how China could best address future challenges in this area.
Download or read book Agricultural Trade and Policy in China written by Scott D. Rozelle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2003. This prominent and commanding volume collates the best research available on China's agricultural trade. Critically analyzing the agricultural supply and demand factors that underlie trade patterns such as agricultural productivity and policy, it also explores China's agricultural trade and policy including implications for China and elsewhere. Long term issues and productivity growth are taken into consideration, as are specific issues such as WTO accession. The slate of authors combines the leading established scholars in the field and the best of the next generation, including those from China and the West.
Download or read book China s Productivity Convergence and Growth Potential A Stocktaking and Sectoral Approach written by Min Zhu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s growth potential has become a hotly debated topic as the economy has reached an income level susceptible to the “middle-income trap” and financial vulnerabilities are mounting after years of rapid credit expansion. However, the existing literature has largely focused on macro level aggregates, which are ill suited to understanding China’s significant structural transformation and its impact on economic growth. To fill the gap, this paper takes a deep dive into China’s convergence progress in 38 industrial sectors and 11 services sectors, examines past sectoral transitions, and predicts future shifts. We find that China’s productivity convergence remains at an early stage, with the industrial sector more advanced than services. Large variations exist among subsectors, with high-tech industrial sectors, in particular the ICT sector, lagging low-tech sectors. Going forward, ample room remains for further convergence, but the shrinking distance to the frontier, the structural shift from industry to services, and demographic changes will put sustained downward pressure on growth, which could slow to 5 percent by 2025 and 4 percent by 2030. Digitalization, SOE reform, and services sector opening up could be three major forces boosting future growth, while the risks of a financial crisis and a reversal in global integration in trade and technology could slow the pace of convergence.
Download or read book Growth and Evolution in China s Agricultural Support Policies written by Fred Gale and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is perhaps the most prominent example of a developing country that has transitioned from taxing to supporting agriculture. In recent years, Chinese price supports and subsidies have risen at an accelerating pace after they were linked to rising production costs. Per-acre subsidy payments to grain producers now equal 7 to 15 percent of those producers' gross income, but grain payments appear to have little influence on production decisions. Chinese authorities began raising price supports annually to bolster incentives, and Chinese prices for major farm commodities are rising above world prices, helping to attract a surge of agricultural imports. U.S. agricultural exports to China tripled in value during the period when China's agricultural support was accelerating. Overall, China's expansion of support is loosely constrained by World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments, but the country's price-support programs could exceed WTO limits in coming years. Chinese officials promise to continue increasing domestic policy support for agriculture, but the mix of policies may evolve as the Chinese agricultural sector becomes more commercialized and faces competitive pressures.
Download or read book The Farm Credit Problems and Programs of China written by Chen Tang and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Role of Credit in the Uptake and Productivity of Improved Dairy Technologies in Sub Saharan Africa written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Institutional versus noninstitutional credit to agricultural households in India Evidence on impact from a national farmers survey written by Kumar, Anjani and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A goal of agricultural policy in India has been to reduce farmers’ dependence on informal credit. To that end, recent initiatives have been focused explicitly on rural areas and have had a positive impact on the flow of agricultural credit. But despite the significance of these initiatives in enhancing the flow of institutional credit to agriculture, the links between institutional credit and net farm income and consumption expenditures in India are not very well documented. Using a large national farm household–level dataset and instrumental variables two-stage least squares estimation methods, we investigate the impact of institutional farm credit on farm income and farm household consumption expenditures. Our findings show that in India, formal credit is indeed playing a critical role in increasing both the net farm income and per capita monthly household expenditures of Indian farm families. We also find that, in the presence of formal credit, social safety net programs such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) may have unintended consequences. In particular, MGNREGA reduces both net farm income and per capita monthly household consumption expenditures. In contrast, in the presence of formal credit, the Public Distribution System may increase both net farm income and per capita monthly household consumption expenditures.
Download or read book Credit constraints and agricultural technology adoption Evidence from Nigeria written by Balana, Bedru and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agricultural sector in Nigeria is characterized by low productivity that is driven by low use of modern agricultural technologies, such as improved seed, chemical fertilizer, agrochemicals, and agricultural machinery. Poor access to credit is claimed to be one of the key barriers to adoption of these technologies. This study examines the nature of credit constraints among smallholder farmers – whether smallholders are credit constrained or not and the extent to which credit constraints emanate from supply-side or demand-side factors. Using multinomial probit and seeming unrelated simultaneous equations econometric models with data from the 2018/19 Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) for Nigeria, the study investigates the factors affecting credit access and the effects of these credit constraints on adoption of four agricultural technologies – inorganic fertilizer, improved seed, agrochemicals, and mechanization. The results show that about 27 percent of survey households were found to be credit constrained – 12.8 percent due to supply-side factors and 14.2 percent due to demand-side factors. Lack of access to information and communication technology, extension services, and insurance coverage are the major demand-side factors negatively affecting smallholder’s access to credit. Registered land tiles and livestock ownership enhance credit access. Credit constraints manifests themselves differentially on the adoption of different agricultural technologies. While adoption of inorganic fertilizer and improved seed are significantly affected by credit constraints from both the supply and the demand-sides; use of agricultural machinery is affected only by demand-side factors, while use of agrochemicals is not affected from either supply or demand-side credit factors. From a policy perspective, our findings indicate that improving credit access via supply-side interventions alone may not necessarily boost use of modern agricultural technologies by smallholder farmers in Nigeria. Demand-side factors, such as access to information, extension services, and insurance cover, should equally be addressed to mitigate the credit constraints faced by smallholders and increase their adoption of modern agricultural technologies and improve their productivity.
Download or read book China s Rural Financial System written by Yuepeng Zhao and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-04 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the credit needs and the borrowing behaviour of rural households in China in recent years. It is based on in-depth analysis of the status of households’ indebtedness and borrowing behaviour; the performance of Rural Credit Cooperatives (RCCs), as well as resources of informal finance. Before 2006, RCCs are virtually the only source of formal credit for rural households in China and were subject to a series of reforms from 1996 to 2003. The reforms aimed to transform RCCs into market-oriented institutions and, more importantly, help them meet the increasing demands of farmers for varied financial services, and thereby contribute effectively to economic transformation in rural China. Based on a micro-study of three villages, at different stages of development with dissimilar economic characteristics in Jiangxi province, this book investigates the sources of finance, formal and informal, in rural areas and the different types of credit that farmers require. It examines the patterns of credit required by rural households at different stages of agricultural processes, and the institutions from which they obtain loans. It demonstrates the importance of innovative institutional arrangements in rural China and new instruments that give farmers access to formal rural financial markets and enable them to utilize credit effectively, concluding that further reforms to RCCs are necessary for RCCs to be truly effective.
