Download or read book The Proximate Determinants of Fertility in High Fertility Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Framework for Analyzing the Proximate Determinants of Fertility written by John Bongaarts and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Demographic Change in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview includes chapters on child mortality, adult mortality, fertility, proximate determinants, marriage, internal migration, international migration, and the demographic impact of AIDS.

Download or read book Fertility Transition in the Developing World written by John Bongaarts and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the massive and highly consequential transition in reproductive behaviour that occurred in Asia, Latin America, and Africa since the mid-20th century. In the 1950s contraceptive use was rare and women typically spend most of their reproductive years bearing and rearing children. By 2020 fertility and contraceptive use in Asia and Latin America reached levels commonly observed in the developed world. Africa’s fertility is still high, but transitions have started in all countries. This monograph is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of these trends and their determinants, covering changes in reproductive behaviour (e.g., use of contraception and abortion), preferences (e.g., desire to limit and space births) and the role of socioeconomic development (e.g., education). The role of government policies and in particular family planning programs is discussed in depth. Particular attention is given to provide a balanced assessment of several political and scientific controversies that have beset the field. As such this book provides an interesting read for a wide audience of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and public health policy makers.

Download or read book Reducing Fertility in Developing Countries written by Rodolfo A. Bulatao and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the determinants of fertility and attempts to extract conclusions that are relevant for fertility reduction policies in developing countries. In the first tier of fertility determinants, socioeconomic development has a decisive effect in lowering fertility in the long run. In the short run, however, and for specific households, the effects are much more tangled. Higher income, for instance, allows households to afford more children, but nevertheless often reduces fertility because of its links to other factors like education. Education, especially for women, fairly reliably reduces fertility, though its effect may take years to appear. Improved health and lower mortality also contribute to lower fertility, through both biological and behavioral channels. The effect of female employment, in contrast, is uncertain and undependable. Urban residence has a pervasive effect in reducing fertility, though much of this is attributable to education and better health. Particular improvements in welfare can therefore be expected to lead to lower fertility, but the effects are neither uniform nor immediate. Development is essential for fertility transition to run its full course.

Download or read book Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries Fertility regulations and institutional influences written by Rodolfo A. Bulatao and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on substantive problems and summarizes research regarding the determinants of fertility differentials and fertility change in developing countries.

Download or read book The Supply demand Framework for the Determinants of Fertility written by John Bongaarts and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Classic Model in a Low Fertility Context written by Christine E. Guarneri and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Bongaarts' proximate determinants model of fertility has accounted for over 90 percent of variation in the total fertility rate (TFR) of primarily developing nations and historical populations. Recently, dramatically low fertility rates across the globe have raised questions regarding whether this model could be applied to exclusively below-replacement nations. This study follows Knodel, Chamratrithirong, and Debavalya's 1987 analysis of fertility decline in Thailand by conducting in-depth case studies of the proximate determinants in two low fertility countries over time: South Korea, where fertility is well below the level of replacement, and the United States, where fertility has hovered around replacement level for many years. Then, the fertility-inhibiting effect of the proximate determinants is assessed by comparing the quantitative index representing each determinant measured in the 1960s/1970s with its measurement in the 2000s. For both years, I consider the fertility level that would prevail in the determinant's presence as well as the level that would exist in its absence. Finally, I use each of the indices to calculate the TFR and assess how the strength of the model varies over time in the two countries. Ultimately, results indicate that the proximate determinants model does not offer a clean picture of the fertility level in either South Korea or the United States; when trends uncovered by the case studies are compared to the results of the quantitative analysis, a number of inconsistencies are revealed. This suggests that certain components in the model may need to be respecified for more effective application in low-fertility contexts. However, that is not to say that it offers no insight into fertility at all or that it is no longer a useful tool. On the contrary, it is shown that the proximate determinants model holds a lot of potential for analysis in low-fertility nations. The implications of these results, as well as the need for improvements in international data collection efforts, are also discussed.

Download or read book World Fertility and Family Planning 2020 Highlights written by United Nations and published by . This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main contents are key findings and messages regarding the relationship between contraceptive use and fertility, for 195 countries or areas of the world. These highlights will draw mainly from World Population Prospects 2019, and model-based estimates and projections of family planning indicators 2019. Policy-related implications of and responses to trends in family planning and fertility will be integrated throughout the text. In particular, these issues are of relevance for contextualizing Sustainable Development Goals 3.7.1. and 3.7.2. and the achievement of the 2030 Agenda.

Download or read book The Effects of Education Health and Social Security on Fertility in Developing Countries written by Susan Hill Cochrane and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Population and Development written by Geoffrey Hawthorn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1978, this book explores the vital global issue of high and low fertility in poorer countries through a series of case studies by contemporary experts in the fields of development and demography. These studies examine such issues as: the relations between fertility rates and income distributions in poor societies; the question of whether or not neo-classical macro-economics are sufficient to understand and to try to engineer relations between economies and populations; and the specifics of the relations between fertility and a variety of socio-economic factors in both South Asia and West Africa. The point of the collection is to explain how very far general models can be taken, and to suggest that they cannot be taken as far as those who have tended to ignore the structural complexities of, and differences between, various societies have implied.

Download or read book Fertility and Development written by Ghazi Mumtaz Farooq and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 1988 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estudio de las aportaciones teoricas, investigaciones empiricas y efectos de las politicas en los determinantes de la fertilidad en los paises en desarrollo; dicho analisis debe tener en cuenta: La proporcion de mujeres casadas, uso de anticonceptivos y aborto y la amplitud de la esterilidad post-Parto durante la lactancia. Se discute a continuacion las teorias demograficas que circunscriben el control de la natalidad a la esfera privada, si bien parece claro que los programas publicos reducen considerablemente la fertilidad al alterar variables socioeconomicas como: El trabajo de los menores, nivel de educacion femenina y oportunidades de acceso al trabajo y la tasa de mortalidad infantil.

Download or read book Recent Fertility Trends in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.

Download or read book Desired Fertility and the Impact of Population Policies written by Lant Pritchett and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determinants of Fertility in Advanced Societies written by Rudolf Andorka and published by New York : Free Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fertility Biology and Behavior written by John Bongaarts and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility, Biology, and Behavior: An Analysis of the Proximate Determinants presents the proximate determinants of natural fertility. This book discusses the biological and behavioral dimensions of human fertility that are linked to intermediate fertility variables. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the mechanisms through which socioeconomic variables influence fertility. This text then examines the absolute and relative age-specific marital fertility rates of selected populations. Other chapters consider the trends in total fertility rates of selected countries, including Colombia, Kenya, Korea, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, France, and United States. This book discusses as well the effects of deliberate marital fertility control through contraception and induced abortion. The final chapter deals with the management of sex composition and implications for birth spacing. This book is a valuable resource for reproductive physiologists, social scientists, demographers, statisticians, biologists, and graduate students with an interest in the biological and behavioral control of human fertility.

Download or read book Low Fertility Institutions and their Policies written by Ronald R. Rindfuss and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines ten economically advanced countries in Europe and Asia that have experienced different levels of fertility decline. It offers readers a cross-country perspective on the causes and consequences of low birth rates and the different policy responses to this worrying trend. The countries examined are not only diverse geographically, historically, and culturally, but also have different policies and institutions in place. They include six very-low-fertility countries (Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Spain, and Taiwan) and four that have close to replacement-level fertility (United Kingdom, Norway, Canada, and France). Although fertility has gone down in all these countries over the past 50 years, the chapters examine the institutional, policy, and cultural factors that have led some countries to have much lower fertility rates than others. In addition, the final chapter provides a cross-country comparison of individual perceptions about obs tacles to fertility, based on survey data, and government support for families. This broad overview, along with a general introduction, helps put the specific country papers in context. As birth rates continue to decline, there is increasing concern about the fate of social welfare systems, including healthcare and programs for the elderly. This book will help readers to better understand the root causes of such problems with its insightful discussion on how a country’s institutions, policies, and culture shape fertility trends and levels.