Download or read book The Patentability of Synthetic Biology Inventions written by Ilaria de Lisa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses Synthetic Biology (SynBio), a new and promising biotechnology that has attracted much interest from both a scientific and a policy perspective. Yet, questions concerning the patentability of SynBio inventions have not been examined in detail so far; as a result, it remains unclear whether these inventions are patentable on the basis of current norms and case law. The book addresses this question, focusing especially on the subject matter’s eligibility and moral criteria. It provides an overview of the legislation and decisions applicable to SynBio patents and examines this new technology in view of the ongoing debate over the patentability of biotechnologies in general. The legal analysis is complemented by the practical examination of several patent applications submitted to the European and US patent offices (EPO and USPTO), and by an assessment of the patent issues that are likely to be raised by future SynBio developments.

Download or read book Gene Cartels written by Luigi Palombi and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It s really excellent: an invaluable source of information and highly readable too. Sir John Sulston, University of Manchester, UK and Winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine . . . this is a book that every policymaker even remotely connected to issues of patents, economics, and biotech should read. This book is essential ammunition for those who oppose gene patenting, and lays out the legal case expertly. David Koepsell, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, reviewed in SCRIPTed The book is of interest to judges, patent attorneys and lawyers and policy-makers in this field. . . The first part is a fascinating and well researched historical study of patenting. . . The second part of the book is interesting and the author raises some very important points. . . a very valuable contribution to the debate of the scope of patent monopolies. David Rogers, Legal Member, Boards of Appeal, European Patent Office, Germany, reviewed in European Intellectual Property Review Gene Cartels is a truly magisterial and important book. It shows how we need to bring together the discrete threads around intellectual property law (ie patent, copyright, etc) so there can be a clear spotlight on the important public policy issues. Terry Cutler, Principal, Cutler & Company and Chair, Review of the National Innovation System, Australia . . . provides an estimable addition to a growing library of texts diagnosing the maladies of the existing IPR system and offering well attested cures. [It] demands the widest possible readership not just amongst the IPR community, but amongst economists and social scientists, policy officials in both developed and developing countries, and business people everywhere. John A. Mathews, LUISS Guido Carli University, Italy Gene Cartels is a valuable book for the scientist providing, in an elegantly scholarly style, deep insights into the origins, history, evolution and current status of patent systems. It also discloses features that can lead, in effect, to a misuse of power. From the foreword by Baruch S. Blumberg, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, US and Winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976 Starting with the 13th century, this book explores how patents have been used as an economic protectionist tool, developing and evolving to the point where thousands of patents have been ultimately granted not over inventions, but over isolated or purified biological materials. DNA, invented by no man and once thought to be free to all men and reserved exclusively to none , has become cartelised in the hands of multinational corporations. The author questions whether the continuing grant of patents can be justified when they are now used to suppress, rather than promote, research and development in the life sciences. Luigi Palombi demonstrates that patents are about inventions and not isolated biological materials, which consequently have no bona fide purpose in the innovations of biotechnological science. This book will be important reading for anyone who has an interest in the role that patents have played in economic development particularly historians, economists and scientists. It will also be of great interest to law academics, lawyers, judges and policymakers.

Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights and the Life Science Industries written by Graham Dutfield and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2009 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a highly readable and entertaining account of the co-evolution of the patent system and the life science industries since the mid-19th century. The pharmaceutical industries have their origins in advances in synthetic chemistry and in natural products research. Both approaches to drug discovery and business have shaped patent law, as have the lobbying activities of the firms involved and their supporters in the legal profession. In turn, patent law has impacted on the life science industries. Compared to the first edition, which told this story for the first time, the present edition focuses more on specific businesses, products and technologies, including Bayer, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, aspirin, penicillin, monoclonal antibodies and polymerase chain reaction. Another difference is that this second edition also looks into the future, addressing new areas such as systems biology, stem cell research, and synthetic biology, which promises to enable scientists to ?invent? life forms from scratch.Contents: Seven Tales of a Patent; Patents and the Life Science Industries in the Modern Economy; Past: Dyes, Drugs and Domagk; Adrenaline Rushes ? Isolate, Purify ? and Patent; Science and Drug Discovery ? Ignorance, Serendipity and Rational Drug Design; Aspirin; Insulin; Penicillin and the Antibiotics; Cortisone and the Steroids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; The Gene Patent Wars; Innovations without Patents? The Polio Vaccine and Monoclonal Antibodies; Present: Big Pharma, Small Biotech; Crises, Backlashes and Counter-backlashes; Would We Have Got Where We are Today without Patents?; Future: Systems Biology, Stem Cells, ?Synbio? and the Future of Patents.

Download or read book Intellectual Property and Emerging Technologies written by Matthew Rimmer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique and comprehensive collection investigates the challenges posed to intellectual property by recent paradigm shifts in biology. It explores the legal ramifications of emerging technologies, such as genomics, synthetic biology, stem cell research, nanotechnology, and biodiscovery. Extensive contributions examine recent controversial court decisions in patent law such as Bilski v. Kappos, and the litigation over Myriad's patents in respect of BRCA1 and BRCA2 while other papers explore sui generis fields, such as access to genetic resources, plant breeders' rights, and traditional knowledge. The collection considers the potential and the risks of the new biology for global challenges such as access to health-care, the protection of the environment and biodiversity, climate change, and food security. It also considers Big Science projects such as biobanks, the 1000 Genomes Project, and the Doomsday Vault. The inter-disciplinary research brings together the work of scholars from Australia, Canada, Europe, the UK and the US and involves not only legal analysis of case law and policy developments, but also historical, comparative, sociological, and ethical methodologies. Intellectual Property and Emerging Technologies will appeal to policy-makers, legal practitioners, business managers, inventors, scientists and researchers.

Download or read book Patenting Life written by Office of Technology Assessment and published by . This book was released on 2006-08-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of recombinant DNA technology in the early 1970s, biotechnology has become an essential tool for many researchers and industries. The potential of biotechnology has spurred the creative genius of inventors seeking to improve the Nation's health, food supply, and environment. In 1980, the Supreme Court ruled that a living micro-organism could be patented. Subsequently, the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office held that certain types of plant and animal life constituted patentable subject matter. This special report, prepared by the Office of Technology Assessment of the United States Congress under, reviews U. S. patent law as it relates to the patentability of micro-organisms, cells, plants, and animals; as well as specific areas of concern, including deposit requirements and international considerations. The report includes a range of options for congressional action related to the patenting of animals, intellectual property protection for plants, and enablement of patents involving biological material.

Download or read book Intellectual Property and Biotechnology written by Matthew Rimmer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr Rimmer s book is a marvellous introduction to a crucial topic of our time. He writes engagingly, provocatively and always with good humour. A highly technical and complex area of law has been reduced to clear descriptions and searching analysis. Truly, this is an important book on an essential topic that will help define the ethics of a future that includes nothing less than the future of our species. From the foreword by the Hon Justice Michael Kirby AC CMG, the High Court of Australia . . . the author has done an excellent job by explaining the subject in an open and accessible manner. This book is a timely and very thought-provoking analysis of patent law and biotechnology. . . The book is a unique theoretical contribution to the controversial public debate over commercialization of biological inventions. . . there is an extensive bibliography. . . a valuable resource for further reading. The book will be of prime interest to lawyers and patent attorneys, scientists and researchers, business managers and technology transfer specialists. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights Rimmer s book is highly recommended for anyone interested in the issues and debate related to biological inventions, regardless of which side the reader is on. Stefan M. Miller, Journal of Commercial Biotechnology . . . this book gives an excellent account of the most celebrated biotechnology cases from three continents, and for this alone is to be thoroughly recommended. David Rogers, European Intellectual Property Review Rimmer has put a great deal of thought and effort into this series of chapters. For those looking at how to reform, direct and develop laws in relation to biotechnology, this book is brimming with ideas, suggestions and recommendations of what to do next. Rebecca Halford-Harrison, Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys . . . an excellent introduction to a wide range of legal thinking in an increasingly controversial and relevant area to humankind. Sharon Givoni, Australian Intellectual Property Law Bulletin Rimmer s new book is a timely and very thought-provoking analysis of patent law and biotechnology and asks a very serious question: can a 19th century patent system adequately deal with a 21st century industry? Kate McDonald, Australian Life Scientist This book documents and evaluates the dramatic expansion of intellectual property law to accommodate various forms of biotechnology from micro-organisms, plants, and animals to human genes and stem cells. It makes a unique theoretical contribution to the controversial public debate over the commercialization of biological inventions. The author also considers the contradictions between the Supreme Court of Canada rulings in respect of the Harvard oncomouse, and genetically modified canola. He explores law, policy, and practice in both Australia and New Zealand in respect to gene patents and non-coding DNA. This study charts the rebellion against the European Union Biotechnology Directive particularly in respect of Myriad Genetics BRCA1 and BRCA2 patents, and stem cell patent applications. The book also considers whether patent law will accommodate frontier technologies such as bioinformatics, haplotype mapping, proteomics, pharmacogenomics, and nanotechnology. Intellectual Property and Biotechnology will be of prime interest to lawyers and patent attorneys, scientists and researchers, business managers and technology transfer specialists.

Download or read book Patenting Life written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Positioning Synthetic Biology to Meet the Challenges of the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic biology-unlike any research discipline that precedes it-has the potential to bypass the less predictable process of evolution to usher in a new and dynamic way of working with living systems. Ultimately, synthetic biologists hope to design and build engineered biological systems with capabilities that do not exist in natural systems-capabilities that may ultimately be used for applications in manufacturing, food production, and global health. Importantly, synthetic biology represents an area of science and engineering that raises technical, ethical, regulatory, security, biosafety, intellectual property, and other issues that will be resolved differently in different parts of the world. As a better understanding of the global synthetic biology landscape could lead to tremendous benefits, six academies-the United Kingdom's Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering, the United States' National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering, and the Chinese Academy of Science and Chinese Academy of Engineering-organized a series of international symposia on the scientific, technical, and policy issues associated with synthetic biology. Positioning Synthetic Biology to Meet the Challenges of the 21st Century summarizes the symposia proceedings.

Download or read book Biotechnological Inventions and Patentability of Life written by Andrea Stazi and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-29 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In todayês technological world, biotechnology is one of the most innovative and highly invested-in industries for research, in the field of science. This book analyses the forms and limitations of patent protection recognition for biotechnological inve

Download or read book Genetic Patent Law and Strategy written by Kalyan C. Kankanala and published by Manupatra. This book was released on 2007 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ambiguity and uncertainty inherent in the field ofgenetic science poses challenges in the application oftraditional patent principles to genetic inventions. Thisbook unravels the complex doctrines of Patent Law.

Download or read book Synthetic Biology written by Lewis D. Solomon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly forty years, using recombinant DNA tools, researchers, and then businesses, have genetically engineered organisms by transferring naturally occurring genes from one organism into another. Doing so modifies the genetic code of living cells, imparting new traits and achieving desired results; this is done in the production of proteins, pharmaceuticals, and seeds. Synthetic biology, argues Solomon, could free scientists from the need to find natural genes to make such desired modifications. Synthetic biology permits more complex and sophisticated bioengineering than what can be achieved through previous genetic modification techniques. Drawing on non-biological scientific and engineering disciplines, including information technology and nanotechnology, synthetic biology strives to rearrange an organism's genes on a far wider scale by rewriting its genetic code, the chemical instructions need to design, assemble, and operate a species. By allowing the writing of artificial genetic codes, synthetic biology can transform existing industries and spawn new ones, creating new products as well as radically reshaping existing items. Arguing for self-regulation by the scientific and business communities, Lewis D. Solomon recommends a policy framework that would guard against governmental overregulation, which could create a barrier to innovation. Although synthetic biotechnology holds considerable social and economic potential, absent a nurturing regulatory climate, it may prove difficult to translate research discoveries into commercially viable applications.

Download or read book Beyond Recombinant Technology written by Luigi Palombi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biotechnology and the Law written by Iver P. Cooper and published by C. Boardman. This book was released on 1982 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helps practitioners understand the use issues involved in patenting biotechnological inventions; how to: avoid infringement, draft claims efficiently, clarify ownership of biotechnology patent rights, learn the significance of the Plant Variety Protection Act and the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. Also covers issues such as:scope of claim (including the broadening and narrowing of claims); enablement (including the working of an invention without undue experimentation); use concealment of best mode and determination of when the best mode is adequately disclosed; deposits of biological materials, including guidance as to whether applicants should submit materials to a depository.22Features and Benefits:2A response to the increased allowance of patent protection for biotechnological inventions and equally-increased commercialization of life forms2How to protect biotechnological inventions by bringing them into the intellectual property system2Loose–leaf binder, two volumes

Download or read book Systems and Synthetic Biology written by Vikram Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook has been conceptualized to provide a detailed description of the various aspects of Systems and Synthetic Biology, keeping the requirements of M.Sc. and Ph.D. students in mind. Also, it is hoped that this book will mentor young scientists who are willing to contribute to this area but do not know from where to begin. The book has been divided into two sections. The first section will deal with systems biology – in terms of the foundational understanding, highlighting issues in biological complexity, methods of analysis and various aspects of modelling. The second section deals with the engineering concepts, design strategies of the biological systems ranging from simple DNA/RNA fragments, switches and oscillators, molecular pathways to a complete synthetic cell will be described. Finally, the book will offer expert opinions in legal, safety, security and social issues to present a well-balanced information both for students and scientists.

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Chemical Inventions written by Duncan Geoffrey Bucknell and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 2534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on: Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, the United States, Europe, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

Download or read book Bio Technology Development And Patents written by Hsiao-Chieh Wu and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2005-05-15 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns over potential impediments to biochemical patenting derive from the significance of biotechnology to the future of medicine. From a medical perspective, developments in genetics could hardly be more consequential. (10) The legal revolution referenced above began with a scientific breakthrough--the development in 1972 of recombinant DNA technology. This invention spawned further advancements in genetic research, including the discovery in 1983 of a generally applicable method for cloning genes for polypeptides where the amino acid, DNA, and mRNA sequences were not completely known; the availability beginning in 1986 of computer controlled sequencing machines for the DNA base pairs that form genes; and the development of polymerase chain reaction technology the same year. These advancements have powerfully boosted the ability of scientists to locate and sequence genes. As the president of one major biotechnology company noted, a few decades ago it might have taken ten years to find a particular gene, but, with modern gene maps, a gene can now often be found with a fifteen second computer search. Sequencing has also become far less laborious. The ability of scientists to rapidly sequence DNA has resulted in an explosion of discoveries of DNA sequences--both meaningful and meaningless scientifically--that, in turn, has caused a deluge of patent applications claiming DNA sequences and the proteins and other biochemicals for which these sequences code.

Download or read book Limits of Patentability written by Andreas Hübel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SpringerBriefs in Biotech Patents presents timely reports on intellectual properties (IP) issues and patent aspects in the field of biotechnology. In this volume the limits of patentability are addressed, a question that is often raised when it comes to biotechnological inventions: The first section addresses current issues in the patentability of plants produced by essentially biological processes including the controversy between farmer’s privilege and patent exhaustion with respect to seeds in the US. The second section examines the patentability of human embryonic stem cells in Europe and the US, also considering alternative technologies with respect to their practicability and patentability. The third section focuses on the patentability of genes and nucleic acids, especially the issue of patenting of encoding genes and nucleic acids.