Download or read book The Pacific Speed of Growth written by Yongzheng Yang and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study aims to test within a relatively homogeneous group of small states what differentiates the growth performance of Pacific island countries (PICs) from their peers. We find that PICs are disadvantaged by distance and hampered by lower investment and exports compared with other small island states, but greater political stability, catch-up effects from lower initial incomes, and slower population growth have helped offset some of these disadvantages. On balance, policy-related factors, together with geography-related disadvantages, have led to growth rates in PICs that are much lower than in other small states. We also examine how real exchange rate appreciation, unfavorable developments in the external trade environment, and rising international transport costs may have contributed to PICs’ slower growth over the past decade.

Download or read book Resilience and Growth in the Small States of the Pacific written by Hoe Ee Khor and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-08-10 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific island countries face unique challenges to realizing their growth potential and raising living standards. This book discusses ongoing challenges facing Pacific island countries and policy options to address them. Regional cooperation and solutions tailored to their unique challenges, as well as further integration with the Asia and Pacific region will each play a role. With concerted efforts, Pacific island countries can boost potential growth, increase resilience, and improve the welfare of their citizens.

Download or read book The Pacific Speed of Growth written by Yongzheng Yang and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study aims to test within a relatively homogeneous group of small states what differentiates the growth performance of Pacific island countries (PICs) from their peers. We find that PICs are disadvantaged by distance and hampered by lower investment and exports compared with other small island states, but greater political stability, catch-up effects from lower initial incomes, and slower population growth have helped offset some of these disadvantages. On balance, policy-related factors, together with geography-related disadvantages, have led to growth rates in PICs that are much lower than in other small states. We also examine how real exchange rate appreciation, unfavorable developments in the external trade environment, and rising international transport costs may have contributed to PICs’ slower growth over the past decade.

Download or read book Asia and Pacific Small States Raising Potential Growth and Enhancing Resilience to Shocks written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The small states of the Asia and Pacific region face unique challenges in raising their growth potential and living standards. These countries are particularly vulnerable because of their small populations, geographical isolation and dispersion, narrow export and production bases, lack of economies of scale, limited access to international capital markets, exposure to shocks (including climate change), and heavy reliance on aid. In providing public services, they face higher fixed government costs relative to other states because public services must be provided regardless of their small population size. Low access to credit by the private sector is an impediment to inclusive growth. Capacity constraints are another key challenge. The small states also face more limited policy tools. Five out of 13 countries do not have a central bank and the scope for diversifying their economies is narrow. Given their large development needs, fiscal policies have been, at times, pro-cyclical. Within the Asia-Pacific small states group, the micro states are subject to more vulnerability and macroeconomic volatility than the rest of the Asia-Pacific small states.

Download or read book Small Island States in the Pacific written by Mr.Chris Becker and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-09-01 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper seeks to document key characteristics of small island states in the Pacific. It restricts itself to a limited number of indicators which are macro-orientated - population, fertility of land, ability to tap into economies of scale, income, and geographic isolation. It leaves aside equally important but more micro-orientated variables and development indicators. We show that small island states in the Pacific are different from countries in other regional groupings in that they are extremely isolated and have limited scope to tap economies of scale due to small populations. They often have little arable land. There is empirical evidence to suggest that these factors are related to income growth.

Download or read book Human Capital Formation and Economic Growth in Asia and the Pacific written by Wendy Dobson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The entire planet looks to Asian and other emerging markets to sustain growth momentum as traditional markets in the USA and Europe struggle with the slow and arduous processes of deleveraging after the global financial crisis. At the same time, there is growing recognition in Asia that the sources of growth must shift to sustain their own growth momentum in the years ahead. Heavy reliance on the region’s high savings rates and plentiful supplies of low-cost labour will have to shift towards increasing the human capital embodied in more educated and skilled labour forces capable of contributing to productivity growth and innovation as future drivers of growth. Human Capital Formation and Economic Growth in Asia and the Pacific focuses on why and how countries are making this shift. The demographic transition is shown to be a significant factor as ageing populations in Japan, South Korea and China manage declining growth in the labour force by stepping up investments in education, and by changing policies and institutions. Lessons to be learned from these experiences by more youthful populations in Southeast Asia are explored. In addition, attention is paid to the consequences of cross-border differentials in technical knowledge and the quantity and quality of human capital. Several implications for public policy and for international cooperation on human-capital issues in the Asian region are identified. The chapters in this volume are edited versions of papers presented at the 35th Pacific Trade and Development conference held in Vancouver, Canada, in June 2012. The conference goal was to better understand how governments and business in Asia and the Pacific can apply the key insight that one of the reasons economies grow is because of human-capital formation – the quality and diversity of the labour force are augmented – not just because the labour force grows in size. Students of Asia’s growth prospects will find several aspects of this volume of particular value. It includes chapters on the big-picture conceptual and measurement issues; on country experiences in meeting the imperatives of the demographic transition and investing in education and skills training; and on country experiences with attracting foreign knowledge and the supply and recruitment of skills across borders in Asia and the Pacific. Policymakers will also find useful the discussions of policy implications and the menu of issues requiring intergovernmental cooperation within the Asian region.

Download or read book East Asia Pacific at Work written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-05-07 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unprecedented progress of East Asia Pacific is a triumph of working people. Countries that were low-income a generation ago successfully integrated into the global value chain, exploiting their labor-cost advantage. In 1990, the region held about a third of the world’s labor force. Leveraging this comparative advantage, the share of global GDP of emerging economies in East Asia Pacific grew from 7 percent in 1992 to 17 percent in 2011. Yet, the region now finds itself at a critical juncture. Work and its contribution to growth and well-being can no longer be taken for granted. The challenges range from high youth inactivity and rising inequality to binding skills shortages. A key underlying issue is economic informality, which constrains innovation and productivity, limits the tax base, and increases household vulnerability to shocks. Informality is both a consequence of stringent labor regulations and limited enforcement capacity. In several countries, de jure employment regulations are more stringent than in many parts of Europe. Even labor regulations set at reasonable levels but poorly implemented can aggravate the market failures they were designed to overcome. This report argues that the appropriate policy responses are to ensure macroeconomic stability, and in particular, a regulatory framework that encourages small- and medium-sized enterprises where most people in the region work. Mainly agrarian countries should focus on raising agricultural productivity. In urbanizing countries, good urban planning becomes critical. Pacific island countries will need to provide youth with human capital needed to succeed abroad as migrant workers. And, across the region, it is critical to ‘formalize’ more work, to increase the coverage of essential social protection, and to sustain productivity. To this end, policies should encourage mobility of labor and human capital, and not favor some forms of employment - for instance, full-time wage employment in manufacturing - over others, either implicitly or explicitly. Policies to increase growth and well-being from employment should instead reflect and support the dynamism and diversity of work forms across the region.

Download or read book Japan and the Pacific Free Trade Area written by Pekka Korhonen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the end of the century approaches, the Asian-Pacific region is becoming the most important economic area in the world. Pekka Korhonen examines the nature of Japan's economic rise since World War II, and its relations with other countries in the Pacific area. This in turn led to an optimistic world outlook for Japan, in which military tension was wiped away in the light of sustained economic growth and the formation of an inter-dependent structure for Asian-Pacific countries.

Download or read book Sustainability and Development in Asia and the Pacific written by Guo Xiumei and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011-11-10 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UN Sustainable Development Goals provide a common global agenda for development. However, the emerging policy issues vary greatly across the world. With 32 contributors, this volume provides a timely, research-based overview for the need for policy interventions to improve the sustainability and development models of the ten selected countries in Asia and the Pacific. The volume is firmly positioned at the cusp between research, policy and practice.

Download or read book Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific Asia and the Americas written by Stephen A. Wurm and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 1903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An absolutely unique work in linguistics publishing – full of beautiful maps and authoritative accounts of well-known and little-known language encounters. Essential reading (and map-viewing) for students of language contact with a global perspective.” Prof. Dr. Martin Haspelmath, Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie The two text volumes cover a large geographical area, including Australia, New Zealand, Melanesia, South -East Asia (Insular and Continental), Oceania, the Philippines, Taiwan, Korea, Mongolia, Central Asia, the Caucasus Area, Siberia, Arctic Areas, Canada, Northwest Coast and Alaska, United States Area, Mexico, Central America, and South America. The Atlas is a detailed, far-reaching handbook of fundamental importance, dealing with a large number of diverse fields of knowledge, with the reported facts based on sound scholarly research and scientific findings, but presented in a form intelligible to non-specialists and educated lay persons in general.

Download or read book Are the Asia and Pacific Small States Different from Other Small States written by Ms.Patrizia Tumbarello and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The small states of the Asia and Pacific region face unique challenges in raising their growth potential and living standards relative to other small states due to their small populations, geographical isolation and dispersion, narrow export and production bases, exposure to shocks, and heavy reliance on aid. Higher fixed government costs, low access to credit by the private sector, and capacity constraints are also key challenges. The econometric analysis confirms that the Pacific Island Countries (PICs) have underperformed relative to their peers over the last 20 years. Although these countries often face more limited policy tools, policies do matter and can further help build resilience and raise potential growth, as evidenced in the recent business cycle. The Asia and Pacific small states should continue rebuilding buffers and improve the composition of public spending in order to foster inclusive growth. Regional solutions should also continue to be pursued.

Download or read book Infrastructure Development in the Pacific Region written by Akira Kohsaka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-01-24 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, undersupply of public infrastructure was blamed for low productivity growth in the United States in the 1970s, while greater private sector participation was emphasized for infrastructure development in the Asia-Pacific region before the Asian Economic Crisis in the 1990s. This revealing book looks at the current economic situation and the state of infrastructure on both sides of the Pacific. Including contributions from leading authorities such as Satya Paul, Jim Storey, Tony Makin and Naoyuki Yoshino, this book closely investigates the experiences of Japan, Canada, the US, China, Korea and Australia.

Download or read book Development Centre Seminars Technology and Poverty Reduction in Asia and the Pacific written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-06-05 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poverty reduction remains a major development challenge in much of Asia and the Pacific. Historically, technology has played a central role in raising living standards across the region, including those of the poor. The Green Revolution and various ...

Download or read book The Impacts of China s Rise on the Pacific and the World written by Wei-Chiao Huang and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the perspectives of a group of noted China experts on how China’s economic expansion and internal reforms are impacting its neighbors in the Pacific region as well as the United States and the rest of the world. It will serve as a source for anticipating and understanding the political and economic developments occurring in China for years to come. Contributors include Murray Scot Tanner, Barry J. Naughton, Wing Thye Woo, Mary E. Lovely and Yang Liang, Guanzhong James Wen, and Xiaodong Zhu.

Download or read book Inequality in Asia and the Pacific written by Ravi Kanbur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asia’s rapid economic growth has led to a significant reduction in extreme poverty, but accompanied by rising inequality. This book deals with three questions: What have been the trends of inequality in Asia and the Pacific? What are the key drivers of rising inequality in the region? How should Asian countries respond to the rising inequality? Technological change, globalization, and market-oriented reform have been the key drivers of Asia’s remarkable growth and poverty reduction, but they have also had significant distribution consequences. These three drivers of growth cannot be hindered because they are the sources of productivity improvement and betterment of quality of life. This book will be useful to those interested in policy options that could be deployed by Asian countries in confronting rising inequality.

Download or read book Services and Economic Development in the Asia Pacific written by P.W. Daniels and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until the 1990s, industrialization was the dominant development paradigm for the Asia-Pacific region. Since then, advanced services (finance, business or 'producer services', information and creative services) have become deeply embedded in the processes of economic growth and change in the region. This rapid tertiary expansion is fundamentally restructuring national and regional economies and urban form in line with the introduction of advanced production systems, national modernization programmes and the globalization strategies of governments. Services are being actively deployed as instruments of metropolitan reconfiguration and land use change. This book explores various aspects of the relationship between service industries and economic development in Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Singapore, India, Australia and New Zealand. It provides new sector-oriented and regional and national perspectives on services and development.

Download or read book Energy Outlook for Asia and the Pacific 2009 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report attempts to project the balance between energy demand and supply for the 48 regional members of the Asian Development Bank. However, due to the unavailability of energy data, the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Tuvalu are not included in the study. The outlook results are presented by member, by subregion, and by region. Based on the projected energy demand and supply, carbon dioxide emissions and investment requirements are derived. These will offer a basis for policy making and development planning geared toward sustainable economic development in the regional members in Asia and the Pacific.