Download or read book The Nanoscale Mechanical Properties of Nickel titanium Shape Memory Alloy written by Gordon A. Shaw and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NiTi Materials written by Yoshiki Oshida and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-08-24 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nickel-Titanium alloys are smart materials exhibiting unique properties such as superelasticity and shape-memory effect. The material has been used as orthodontic wires in the dental field for over 20 years. This book is a comprehensive overview to the field of Ni-Ti Materials and the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of this versatile alloy. In addition, complications and challenges exhibited in applications are also discussed.
Download or read book Nanoscale Nickel Titanium Shape Memory Alloys Thin Films Fabricated by Using Biased Target Ion Beam Deposition written by Huilong Hou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys offer the highest work output per unit volume among smart materials and have both high actuation stress and large recoverable strain. Miniaturization of materials and devices requires shape memory actuation which is uncompromised at a small scale. However, size effects need to be understood in order to scale shape memory actuation with the minimum size critical to device design. Controlling material quality and properties is essential in fabrication of shape memory alloys into nanometer regime. This work demonstrates a novel fabrication technique, biased target ion beam deposition (BTIBD), which uses additional adatom energy in order to fabricate high-quality nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys thin films with nanometer thickness. These fabricated ultrathin NiTi films provide insight into the size scale dependence of shape memory functionality at nanoscale regime. BTIBD provides additional adatom energy to the growing film in order to fundamentally tailor the film growth mode for quality and properties. An independent ion beam source is customized in BTIBD to provide low-energy ions (tens of eV) during growth of films on substrates. Pure Ti and pure Ni targets are co-sputtering in BTIBD to fabricate NiTi thin films. The prepared NiTi films are continuous, and the thickness ranges from several tens to a few hundreds nanometers. The composition is controllable over the range of Ni-rich (>50.5 at% Ni), near-equiatomic, and Ti-rich (
Download or read book Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Nickel Titanium Shape Memory Alloys written by Stuart Brahm Kozlick and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This experimental program investigated the effects of cryogenic temperature treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys. Mechanical testing including tensile and hardness were carried out after having undergone various cryogenic temperature treatment conditions, and the results were compared. Experimental results showed an increase in material hardness was observed when compared to untreated materials. With both steady-state and cyclical conditioning, an increase of approximately 2.0% and 8.7% was observed, respectively. Furthermore, with respect to the cyclical temperature treatment exposures, an increase in both estimated final yield and tensile strengths was also observed, resulting in relative increases of 9.5% and 3.2%, respectively, when again compared to as-received materials. It was concluded these increases in mechanical properties were primarily due to both an increase in the formation of austenite throughout the material’s microstructure, and the overall reduction in martensite grain size structure throughout the sample. The material’s inherent twinning process of the microstructure, coupled with thermally stress-induced martensite plate growths at the martensite transformation temperature are potential contributors to this transformation in the microstructure, resulting in the observed change in mechanical properties.
Download or read book Nickel Titanium Smart Hybrid Materials written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-01-26 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nickel-Titanium Smart Hybrid Materials: From Micro- to Nano-structured Alloys for Emerging Applications describes advanced properties that can be adapted in NiTi-alloys. Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) systems are receiving wide demand in growing industries due to their smart, high-temperature or biocompatible behavior. These influenced behaviors are carefully described in the micro-scale and nanoscale range, with NiTi smart materials described on the basis of their shape memory effect (SME) and super-elastic (SE) properties for sensor and actuator application. This book discusses novel properties of nickel-titanium systems, helping materials scientists and engineers produce smart technologies and systems for the aeronautical, automobile, mechanical, healthcare and electronics industries. Describes the use of nanotechnology and microtechnology in nickel-titanium-based systems Outlines the major properties of Nickel-Titanium Nanoalloys Assesses the major challenges of manufacturing nickel-titanium nanoalloys at an industrial scale
Download or read book Multimodal Nanoscale Characterization of Transformation and Deformation Mechanisms in Several Nickel Titanium Based Shape Memory Alloys written by Lee Casalena and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to the native corrosion resistance common to all these alloys, a nickel rich NiTi-1Hf alloy is shown to demonstrate extremely high strength and wear resistance, making it an ideal candidate for tribological applications such as bearings used in corrosive environments. Details of the stress-induced martensite phase are revealed in this alloy system using synchrotron radiation and aberration-corrected STEM. Finally, post mortem Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction (TKD) and in situ High Energy Diffraction Microscopy (HEDM) are used to explore the remarkable grain refinement process that occurs in NiTi and related alloys through load-biased thermal cycling. Microstructural changes in the form of defect generation and subgrain development are key mechanistic insights sought to further understand the processes resulting in unrecovered strain accumulation, which lead to detrimental functional fatigue in these alloys.
Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys for Biomedical Applications written by T Yoneyama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys are suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as dentistry, bone repair and cardiovascular stents. Shape memory alloys for biomedical applications provides a comprehensive review of the use of shape memory alloys in these and other areas of medicine. Part one discusses fundamental issues with chapters on such topics as mechanical properties, fabrication of materials, the shape memory effect, superelasticity, surface modification and biocompatibility. Part two covers applications of shape memory alloys in areas such as stents and orthodontic devices as well as other applications in the medical and dental fields. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Shape memory alloys for biomedical applications is an essential reference for materials scientists and engineers working in the medical devices industry and in academia. A comprehensive review of shape memory metals and devices for medical applications Discusses materials, mechanical properties, surface modification and biocompatibility Chapters review medical and dental devices using shape memory metals, including stents and orthodontic devices
Download or read book Ni free Ti based Shape Memory Alloys written by Hee Young Kim and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-09-17 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ni-free Ti-based Shape Memory Alloys reviews the fundamental issues of biomedical beta-type Ti base shape memory and superelastic alloys, including martensitic transformation, shape memory and superelastic properties, alloy development, thermomechanical treatment and microstructure control, and biocompatibility. Some unique properties, such as large nonlinear elastic behavior and low Young’s modulus, observed in metastable Ti alloys are discussed on the basis of phase stability. As it is expected that superelastic Ti alloys will further expand the applications of shape memory alloys within the biomedical field, this book provides a comprehensive review of these new findings in Ti-base shape memory and superelastic alloys. Includes coverage of phase transformations in titanium alloys Discusses mechanical properties and alloy development Presents a review of Ti-based shape alloys and their applications
Download or read book Niti based Shape Memory Alloys written by Asheesh Lanba and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work aims to experimentally establish processing-structure-property relationships in wide-hysteresis NiTiNb shape memory alloys. Manufactures supplied custom composition cast materials and off-the-shelf deformation processed (i.e. small diameter rods and thin sheets) NiTiNb alloys, and thus different extents of processing are studied. Microstructure characterization of these materials highlights the impact of processing on micro-constituent morphology. Thermo-mechanical experiments are conducted in order to contrast the mechanical and shape memory properties. Micro-deformation measurements are employed to visualize strain localization associated with the differently processed microstructures. Mechanistic and phenomenological rationale are developed that correlate the micro-constituent morphology and its interaction with the underlying martensitic phase transformation to the mechanical and shape memory behavior.The cast and deformation-processed NiTiNb microstructures are characterized via electron and acoustic microscopy. The microstructures are also altered via annealing. The cast microstructure reveals that the addition of Nb as a ternary element in NiTi results in a microstructure with [beta] particles which are primarily Nb in a eutectic mixture with the [alpha] NiTi(Nb) phase. The eutectic mixture is cellular-like with areas of [alpha] NiTi(Nb) matrix material in between. The martensitic transformation, which is a reversible diffusionless crystallographic phase change that can be thermally- or stress-induced between a high temperature austenitic phase and low temperature martensitic phase, only takes place in this matrix. Two different deformation-processed alloys are studied; a rolled sheet and an extruded rod. Deformation-processing breaks up the eutectic structure resulting in a composite microstructure with discontinuous aligned second phase Nb-rich [beta]-particle reinforcements. Annealing causes the Nb-rich particles to grow, and also increases the inter-particle spacing in both cast and deformation processed alloys.The shape memory behavior, characterized via thermal cycling with and without an external stress, and the mechanical properties, characterized from isothermal deformation to failure at different temperatures, are contrasted for cast and deformation-processed microstructures. The stress-free thermal cycling allows us to establish the characteristic transformation temperatures along with the elastic and irreversible energies associated with the transformation. Thermal cycling under load is used to characterize the transformation temperatures, thermal hysteresis, and the recoverable and permanent deformations. The isothermal deformation is used to contrast the stress-induced transformation and subsequent plastic deformation using the critical transformation stress and strain, elastic moduli, yield stress, and strain at failure. The work finds the experimental evidence correlating strain energy relaxation and widening of hysteresis and reverse transformation temperature interval.This comparative study between the cast and deformation processed alloys is augmented by undertaking a multi-scale deformation analysis including digital image correlation to measure micro-scale strain localizations. The strain localizations are characterized in-situ, and allow the comparison of the impact of different micro-constituents on the evolution of localized deformations during the stress-induced transformation and shape memory recovery. Localized regions of high strain accompany the stress-induced transformation in cast alloys that lead to fracture, whereas the stress-induced transformation region in processed alloys has no such strain concentrations.The micro-constituent morphology in both the cast and deformation-processed alloys cause martensite stabilization, however the deformation processed microstructure promotes larger irreversibility and shows evidence of strain energy relaxation that is missing in cast alloys. The eutectic boundaries in the cast microstructure likely prohibit interaction of the martensitic transformation with the particles, and promote large strain localizations during the stress-induced transformation. Such boundaries are missing in the deformation-processed composite microstructure, and thus the particles interact more with the martensitic transformation that leads to the larger irreversibility, improved ductility and better mechanical properties.
Download or read book Final Technical Report written by John Perepezko and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this grant we explored the properties that result from combining the effects of nanostructuring and shape memory using both experimental and theoretical approaches. We developed new methods to make nanostructured NiTi by melt-spinning and cold rolling fabrication strategies, which elicited significantly different behavior. A template synthesis method was also used to created nanoparticles. In order to characterize the particles we created, we developed a new magnetically-assisted particle manipulation technique to manipulate and position nanoscale samples for testing. Beyond characterization, this technique has broader implications for assembly of nanoscale devices and we demonstrated promising applications for optical switching through magnetically-controlled scattering and polarization capabilities. Nanoparticles of nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloy were also produced using thin film deposition technology and nanosphere lithography. Our work revealed the first direct evidence that the thermally-induced martensitic transformation of these films allows for partial indent recovery on the nanoscale. In addition to thoroughly characterizing and modeling the nanoindentation behavior in NiTi thin films, we demonstrated the feasibility of using nanoindentation on an SMA film for write-read-erase schemes for data storage.
Download or read book Viscoelastic Solids 1998 written by Roderic S. Lakes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viscoelastic Solids covers the mathematical theory of viscoelasticity and physical insights, causal mechanisms, and practical applications. The book: presents a development of the theory, addressing both transient and dynamic aspects as well as emphasizing linear viscoelasticity synthesizes the structure of the theory with the aim of developing physical insight illustrates the methods for the solution of stress analysis problems in viscoelastic objects explores experimental methods for the characterization of viscoelastic materials describes the phenomenology of viscoelasticity in a variety of materials, including polymers, metals, high damping alloys, rock, piezoelectric materials, cellular solids, dense composite materials, and biological materials analyzes high damping and extremely low damping provides the theory of viscoelastic composite materials, including examples of various types of structure and the relationships between structure and mechanical properties contains examples on the use of viscoelastic materials in preventing and alleviating human suffering Viscoelastic Solids also demonstrates the use of viscoelasticity for diverse applications, such as earplugs, gaskets, computer disks, satellite stability, medical diagnosis, injury prevention, vibration abatement, tire performance, sports, spacecraft explosions, and music.
Download or read book Handbook of Mechanical Nanostructuring 2 Volume Set written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing in-depth information on how to obtain high-performance materials by controlling their nanostructures, this ready reference covers both the bottom-up and the top-down approaches to the synthesis and processing of nanostructured materials. The focus is on advanced methods of mechanical nanostructuring such as severe plastic deformation, including high pressure torsion, equal channel angular processing, cyclic extrusion compression, accumulative roll bonding, and surface mechanical attrition treatment. As such, the contents are inherently application-oriented, with the methods presented able to be easily integrated into existing production processes. In addition, the structure-property relationships and ways of influencing the nanostructure in order to exhibit a desired functionality are reviewed in detail. The whole is rounded off by a look at future directions, followed by an overview of applications in various fields of structural and mechanical engineering. With its solutions for successful processing of complex-shaped workpieces and large-scale specimens with desired properties, this is an indispensable tool for purposeful materials design.
Download or read book Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine written by Visakh P. M. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE A comprehensive introduction to nanomaterials and their application in the field of medicine The use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials more generally is an emerging field that has generated a lot of interest in the last few years. To this point, there have been few books that deal with the recent advances in nanomaterials or nanocomposites in the medical discipline. Intended as a one-stop reference, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine provides the reader with the most-up-to-date and comprehensive exploration of the field of nanomedicine. The scope of the topic is huge, with nano applications in every medical specialization—from diagnostics to pharmaceuticals, from biological therapies to surgical devices, and from regenerative therapies to gene therapy. As such, this volume provides the most comprehensive coverage of this intriguing field of study. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine readers will also find: An application-oriented book dedicated towards helping researchers find solutions to both fundamental and applied problems Chapters written by leading researchers from industry, academy, government, and private research institutions across the globe Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine is a useful reference for medical doctors, medical practitioners, post-doctoral research fellows, senior graduate students, and medical libraries.
Download or read book A Multiscale Study of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys written by Reza Mirzaeifar and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are widely used in a broad variety of applications in multiscale devices ranging from nano-actuators used in nano-electrical-mechanical systems (NEMS) to large energy absorbing elements in civil engineering applications. This research introduces a multiscale analysis for SMAs, particularly Nickel-Titanium alloys (NiTi). SMAs are studied in a variety of length scales ranging from macroscale to nanoscale. In macroscale, a phenomenological constitutive framework is adopted and developed by adding the effect of phase transformation latent heat. Analytical closed-form solutions are obtained for modeling the coupled thermomechanical behavior of various large polycrystalline SMA devices subjected to different loadings, including uniaxial loads, torsion, and bending. Thermomechanical responses of several SMA devices are analyzed using the introduced solutions and the results are validated by performing various experiments on some large SMA elements. In order to study some important properties of polycrystalline SMAs that the macroscopic phenomenological frameworks cannot capture, including the texture and intergranular effects in polycrystalline SMAs, a micromechanical framework with a realistic modeling of the grains based on Voronoi tessellations is used. The local form of the first law of thermodynamics is used and the energy balance relations for the polycrystalline SMAs are obtained. Generalized coupled thermomechanical governing equations considering the phase transformation latent heat are derived for polycrystalline SMAs. A three-dimensional finite element framework is used and different polycrystalline samples are modeled. By considering appropriate distributions of crystallographic orientations in the grains obtained from experimental texture measurements of NiTi samples the effects of texture and the tension-compression asymmetry on the thermomechanical response of polycrystalline SMAs are studied. The interaction between the stress state (tensile or compressive), number of grains, and the texture on the thermomechanical response of polycrystalline SMAs is also studied. For studying some aspects of the thermomechanical properties of SMAs that cannot be studied neither by the phenomenological constitutive models nor by the micromechanical models, molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the martensitic phase transformation in NiTi alloys at the atomistic level. The martensite reorientation, austenite to martensite phase transformation, and twinning mechanisms in NiTi nanostructures are analyzed and the effect of various parameters including the temperature and size on the phase transformation at the atomistic level is studied. Results of this research provide insight into studying pseudoelasticity and shape memory response of NiTi alloys at different length scales and are useful for better understanding the solid-to-solid phase transformation at the atomistic level, and the effects of this transformation on the microstructure of polycrystal SMAs and the macroscopic response of these alloys.
Download or read book 55 Nitinol the Alloy with a Memory Its Physical Metallurgy Properties and Applications written by Curtis Maitland Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... This report is one of a series of such publications sponsored by the NASA Technology Utilization Office to help industry and institutions benefit from research and development in the aerospace field. A series of nickel-titanium alloys (55-Nitinol), which are unique in that they possess a shape "memory," are described in this report. Components made of these materials that are altered in their shapes by deformation under proper conditions will return to predetermined shapes when they are heated to the proper temperature range. The shape memory, together with the force exerted and the ability of the material to do mechanical work as it returns to its predetermined shape, suggest a wide variety of industrial applications for the alloys. This report also includes discussions of the physical metallurgy and the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of 55-Nitinol; procedures for melting and processing the material into useful shapes; and a summary of applications that have been suggested for these unique alloys."--Foreword.
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Shape Memory Alloys written by Craig Emerson and published by . This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Bulk and Additively Manufactured Ni Mn Ga Shape Memory Alloy Using Nanoindentation and Microhardness Techniques written by Yash Nipun Trivedi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
