Download or read book The Multinational Force in Beirut 1982 1984 written by Anthony McDermott and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 1991 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The collection provides an insight into the Lebanese political crisis, in terms of both its domestic and international dimensions. . . . A valuable source for drawing lessons on future peacekeeping missions operating in heavily populated areas coupled with fluid political conditions."—International Affairs Contents Introduction, by Anthony McDermott and Kjell Skjelsbaek Part I: Theory and Practice 1. Multinational Peacekeeping in the Middle East and the United Nations Model, by Richard W. Nelson 2. What Went Wrong?, by Nathan A. Pelcovits 3. The Demise of the MNF, by Augustus Richard Norton 4. The Multinational Force in Beirut, by Richard W. Nelson 5. UN Authority and U.S. Power, by Ramesh Thakur Part II: The MNF Players 6. The American Peacekeeping Role in Lebanon, by Geoffrey Kemp 7. The Ambiguous Role of France, by Anthony McDermott and Kjell Skjelsbaek 8. Italy’s Role in Peacekeeping Operations, by Franco Angioni and Maurizio Cremasco 9. Some Lessons from British Participation, by J. A. Kenny and Peter Woolley Part III: Other Interested Parties 10. "If We Take Fire . . . We’re Gonna Return It": How a Peacekeeping Force Took Sides, by Robert Fisk 11. A Tragic Experiment in the Diplomacy of Misunderstandings, by Ghassan Tueni 12. The Relationship between the MNF and the Lebanese Armed Forces, by Mounir Rohayem 13. Israeli Expectations and Conclusions, by Ze’ev Schiff 14. The Palestinians and the MNF, by Helena Cobban 15. The Shiites and the MNF, by Augustus Richard Norton 16. Summary of the International Workshop, by John MacKinlay Kjell Skjelsbaek is a research fellow at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs. Anthony McDermott is editor of the world trade page of the Financial Times of London.
Download or read book U S Marines in Lebanon 1982 1984 written by Benis M. Frank and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “U.S. Marines in Lebanon, 1982-1984,” is based primarily on the monthly command chronologies and biweekly situation reports of the Marine amphibious units which were deployed to Lebanon as well as other related official documentation, all of which resides in the archives of the Marine Corps Historical Center. Although none of the information in this history is classified, some of the documentation on which it is based remains so. A considerable number of "issue-oriented" oral history interviews concerned with the deployments were also used in the preparation of this book. Following the return of the 32d MAU from Lebanon and before its redeployment in early 1983, the author began a series of interviews with the key personnel in all the MAU s deployed to Lebanon to augment the paper record of this 18-month period in Marine Corps history. Before U.S. Marines in Lebanon was completed, a total of 119 interviews had been conducted. They are now accessioned in the Marine Corps Oral History Collection. This book is a straightforward account of the deployment of Marines to Lebanon in the period 1982-1984. The story begins with the landing of the 32d Marine Amphibious Unit (32d MAU) in Beirut in August 1982 at the request of the Lebanese Government to assist, together with French and Italian military units, in supervising the evacuation of the Palestine Liberation Organization . It ends in February 1984 with the withdrawal of the 22d Marine Amphibious Unit following the effective end of its mission and the nearly complete breakdown of order in Lebanon. In between is an ambiguous Marine mission of presence of 18 months' duration. Together with the British, French, and Italian members of the Multi-National Force, the Marines attempted, as "peacekeepers," to assist the Lebanese Government in achieving stability and ending the factional fighting which has all but destroyed Lebanon as a viable political entity. For any number of reasons, none of which are the concern of this book, the mission of peacekeeping failed, and in the process, those who were there to help Lebanon achieve the peace so many Lebanese wanted—but too many others did not—were sorely tried and severely mauled. As a history strictly of the Marines' role in Lebanon, this book does not deal with the major, high-level decisions of the administration which put and kept Marines in that country. Nor does the book deal with American diplomatic efforts in the Middle East in this period except in those instances when the MAU Marines were directly involved. This is simply the story of Marine Corps presence and operations in Lebanon for the period concerned. It draws no conclusions.
Download or read book Armies in Lebanon 1982 84 written by Sam Katz and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-09-20 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lebanese Civil War of 1975-76 caused 80,000 dead and totally split the country along factional lines. An estimated 50 different militias came into existence, and acts of violence were both individual and collective. In the midst of this explosive atmosphere, cross-border conflict between Israel and Lebanon intensified, culminating in Operation Peace for Galilee the invasion of Lebanon. This book offers a day-by-day account of the invasion and the subsequent siege of Beirut, an operation that resulted in both the PLO and Israel claiming victory. Numerous photographs and colour plates portray the uniforms and equipment of the Israeli, Palestinian and Multi-National forces.
Download or read book International Peacekeeping In Lebanon written by Ramesh Thakur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the efficacy of U.N. peace efforts, Dr. Ramesh Thakur compares limited peacekeeping through U.N. authority with more coercive means such as the Multinational Force (MNF) in Lebanon. He finds that the role of the U.S.-led MNF coalition cannot be justified in terms of great-power responsibility for ensuring a stable international order, since the coalition has attempted to substitute military power for authoritative peacekeeping. When MNF legitimacy was questioned and authority was challenged, the MNF's use of force in response to those challenges switched the coalition's role from third-party peacekeeper to factional participant. As a result, every successive attempt to strengthen the MNF mandate has further subordinated the concept of neutral international peacekeeping to calculated support of national interests. If reasoned attempts to keep the peace are not to collapse into exercises in national self-interest, then peacekeeping responsibilities must remain with the U.N., supported by the great powers: Only the U.N. can provide an authoritative exposition of values within the context of international society and bestow international legitimacy upon peacekeeping activities; only the great powers can back the U.N. with requisite force.
Download or read book The Root written by Eric M. Hammel and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt P. This book was released on 1985 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Placing particular emphasis on the August through October 1983 period, "The Root, " written from the viewpoint of the Marines who fought in Beirut, offers a "detailed account of individual rescue efforts (that) is intensely graphic . . . first-hand and realistic" ("New York Tribune").
Download or read book McWp 3 35 3 Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain Mout written by U. S. Marine Corps and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-02-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual provides guidance for the organization, planning, and conduct of the full range of military operations on urbanized terrain. This publication was prepared primarily for commanders, staffs, and subordinate leaders down to the squad and fire team level. It is written from a Marine air-ground task force perspective, with emphasis on the ground combat element as the most likely supported element in that environment. It provides the level of detailed information that supports the complexities of planning, preparing for, and executing small-unit combat operations on urbanized terrain. It also provides historical and environmental information that supports planning and training for combat in built-up areas
Download or read book US Foreign Policy and the Multinational Force in Lebanon written by Corrin Varady and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2018-08-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a fresh perspective on the impact of the US intervention in Lebanon in 1982 and the decision-making drivers that led the Reagan Administration into the Lebanese Civil War. Based on newly released archival materials from high level Washington officials such as President Reagan, Secretary of State Shultz and Secretary of Defense Weinberger, it argues that the failure of the Reagan Administration to accurately understand the complex political landscape of the Lebanese Civil War resulted in the US-led Multinational Force becoming militarily intertwined in the conflict. This book challenges the notion that Reagan deployed US Marines under the ideals of international peacekeeping, asserting that the US Administration hoped that the Multinational Force would create the political capital that Reagan needed to strengthen the US’ position both in the Middle East and globally. Ultimately, the peacemakers were forced to withdraw as they evolved into antagonists. A case study in the foreign policy doctrines of key Washington decision-makers throughout the 1980s, this project is perfect for any International Relations scholar or interested reader seeking to understand the links between the mistakes of the Reagan Administration and contemporary US interventions in the Middle East.
Download or read book U S Marines in Lebanon 1982 1984 written by Benis M. Frank and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book US Foreign Policy and the Multinational Force in Lebanon written by Corrin Varady and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-21 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a fresh perspective on the impact of the US intervention in Lebanon in 1982 and the decision-making drivers that led the Reagan Administration into the Lebanese Civil War. Based on newly released archival materials from high level Washington officials such as President Reagan, Secretary of State Shultz and Secretary of Defense Weinberger, it argues that the failure of the Reagan Administration to accurately understand the complex political landscape of the Lebanese Civil War resulted in the US-led Multinational Force becoming militarily intertwined in the conflict. This book challenges the notion that Reagan deployed US Marines under the ideals of international peacekeeping, asserting that the US Administration hoped that the Multinational Force would create the political capital that Reagan needed to strengthen the US’ position both in the Middle East and globally. Ultimately, the peacemakers were forced to withdraw as they evolved into antagonists. A case study in the foreign policy doctrines of key Washington decision-makers throughout the 1980s, this project is perfect for any International Relations scholar or interested reader seeking to understand the links between the mistakes of the Reagan Administration and contemporary US interventions in the Middle East.
Download or read book U S Marines in Grenada 1983 written by Ronald H. Spector and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Peacekeepers at War written by Michael Petit and published by . This book was released on 1986-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author describes his experiences as part of a peacekeeping force in Lebanon, recounts the terrorist bombing that killed 241 American soldiers, and discusses the political implications of the situation
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Multinational Peacekeeping written by Terry M. Mays and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical Dictionary of Multinational Peacekeeping: Third Edition is a single source research guide for current and completed peacekeeping operations. With a extensive chronology; an introductory essay; an appendix with the mandates for three UN peacekeeping operations; a research oriented bibliography based on numerous categories of peacekeeping operations and issues related to peacekeeping; 32 photographs of UN, EU, and NATO peacekeeping operations; and over 500 cross referenced dictionary entries on peacekeeping operations, people, organizations, countries, and events associated with peacekeeping and brief descriptions of all currently fielded operations as well as those that have completed their missions dating back to the League of Nations in 1920.
Download or read book Peacekeeping On Arab Israeli Fronts written by Nathan A Pelcovits and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1948, the United Nations has sponsored virtually every third party peacekeeping mission on Arab· Israeli fronts. Three recent events, however, have been responsible for significantly altering the pattern of peacekeeping in the region: the Camp David accords, which, because they were opposed in the U.N. by the Soviet Union and most Arab nations, prevented U.N. sponsorship of a Sinai peacekeeping force; the June 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon, during which the U.N. Interim Force was made to look ineffectual; and the Sabra-Shatila massacres in South Beirut three months later, which prompted the deployment of a multinational peacekeeping force. Dr.Pelcovits analyzes these events to answer the questions they raise about peacekeeping in the Middle East: What advantages are afforded by U.N. peacekeepers compared with non-U.N. missions? What net benefits are derived from American participation in a non-U.N. multinational operation? And how do they compare to the classic U.N. peacekeeping rationale of insulating disputed areas from super power confrontation? Finally, what determines the success of such operations-geopolitical circumstance or institutional affiliation?
Download or read book Multinational Military Intervention written by Stephen J. Cimbala and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War, as Clausewitz reminds, is the most uncertain of human political and social activities. It also imposes burdens. In an alliance among states for the promotion of collective defense or security, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), burdens have to be shared. This study looks at the experience of the United States and other member states of NATO in four situations of multinational military intervention - Lebanon, the Persian Gulf, the Balkans, and South Asia - and considers the implications of nuclear arms reductions and nonproliferation for the US and NATO. Each case study represents an important period in the distribution of power, interest, and values, amounting to more than a sequential consideration of incidents of military intervention and/or conflict prevention. These politico-military challenges include a major coalition war, a traditional peacekeeping operation, an exercise in peace enforcement, and a conflict that combines counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism with stability and security operations.
Download or read book Multinational Military Intervention written by Dr Peter K Forster and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War, as Clausewitz reminds, is the most uncertain of human political and social activities. It also imposes burdens. In an alliance among states for the promotion of collective defense or security, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), burdens have to be shared. This study looks at the experience of the United States and other member states of NATO in four situations of multinational military intervention - Lebanon, the Persian Gulf, the Balkans, and South Asia - and considers the implications of nuclear arms reductions and nonproliferation for the US and NATO. Each case study represents an important period in the distribution of power, interest, and values, amounting to more than a sequential consideration of incidents of military intervention and/or conflict prevention. These politico-military challenges include a major coalition war, a traditional peacekeeping operation, an exercise in peace enforcement, and a conflict that combines counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism with stability and security operations.
Download or read book The Whirlwind War written by Frank N. Schubert and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1995 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CMH Publication 70-30. Edited by Frank N. Schubert and TheresaL. Kraus. Discusses the United States Army's role in the Persian Gulf War from August 1990 to February 1991. Shows the various strands that came together to produce the army of the 1990s and how that army in turn performed under fire and in the glare of world attention. Retains a sense of immediacy in its approach. Contains maps which were carefully researched and compiled as original documents in their own right. Includes an index.
Download or read book International Peacekeeping written by Paul Francis Diehl and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of the Cold War, U.S. officials have been more willing to remind allies that the United States will not play the role of international policeman. Given U.S. reluctance, the job of peacekeeping will fall increasingly to international organizations and regional alliances. In International Peacekeeping Paul Diehl examines the recent record of United Nations peacekeeping forces and develops criteria for assessing their operations. His analysis provides useful guidance for the management of new hostilities in areas such as Central and Eastern Europe, where the dissolution of the Soviet Union has spawned bitter civil wars and dangerous border disputes. Diehl identifies three sets of factors that affect traditional international peacekeeping operations. He begins by discussing the practical concerns of peacekeeping efforts, such as force composition, organization, and deployment. He then examines issues related to the political and military context in which the forces are deployed, including the nature of the conflict and the involvement of third parties. Finally, he considers the authorization by the relevant international body - usually the United Nations - as it relates to the mission's mandate, policies, and financing. He concludes by analyzing the viability of new roles for U.N. peacekeeping troops, such as humanitarian assistance, and by exploring structural alternatives to U.N. peacekeeping operations.
