Download or read book The Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity Impairments in Alzheimer s Disease written by Gong-Ping Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synaptic Plasticity and the Mechanism of Alzheimer s Disease written by Dennis J. Selkoe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A biochemical hypothesis - that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive cerebral amyloidosis caused by the aggregation of the amyloid b-protein (Ab) - preceded and enabled the discovery of etiologies. This volume serves as a record focused on bringing together investigators at the forefront of elucidating the structure and function of hippocampal synapses with investigators focused on understanding how early assemblies of Ab may compromise some of these synapses.
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Nagehan Ersoy Tunalı and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases represent a very large group of heterogeneous disorders affecting specific subtypes of neurons in the brain. This book contributes insight both to the awareness of the brain and its neurodegenerative states. The chapters present current knowledge regarding genetics, molecular mechanisms, and new therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative disorders. The book is intended to serve as a source to aid clinicians and researchers in the field, and also life science readers to increase their understanding and awareness of the clinical correlations, genetic aspects, neuropathological findings, and current therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases. I believe that this book will enlighten the curiosity for neurodegeneration and also encourage researchers to work on potentially effective molecular therapies for still mysterious neurodegenerative disorders.
Download or read book Molecular Mechanism of Alzheimer s Disease written by Ian Macreadie and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurological disease that affects tens of millions of people, in addition to their carers. Hallmark features of AD include plaques composed of amyloid beta, as well as neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein. However, despite more than a century of study, the cause of Alzheimer’s disease remains unresolved. The roles of amyloid beta and tau are being questioned and other causes of AD are now under consideration. The contributions of researchers, model organisms, and various hypotheses will be examined in this Special Issue.
Download or read book Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity at Hippocampal and Cortical Synapses written by Roberto De Pasquale and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-11 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Translational advances in Alzheimer s Parkinson s and other dementia Molecular mechanisms biomarkers diagnosis and therapies volume III written by Chih-Yu Hsu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-22 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Dysfunction in Alzheimer s Disease written by Caroline Sophie Binda and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neuroplasticity written by Victor Chaban and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive and up-to-date insights into emerging research trends on neuroplasticity with current or future treatments for neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases. The authors discuss structural and functional changes associated with cortical remapping, sensory substitution, synaptic and non-synaptic compensatory plasticity due to brain damage, brain training, chronic pain, meditation, music, exercise and related states. Key features include pathogenesis, and existing and new therapies together with a pharmacological and non-pharmacological approach in clinical treatment and management. The authors are established experts that contributed significantly to a better understanding of the etiology of neuroplasticity. This book is recommended to healthcare providers, clinical scientists, students and patients.
Download or read book Genes Environment and Alzheimer s Disease written by Orly Lazarov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genes, Environment and Alzheimer's Disease discusses the role that activities such as exercise can play in cardiovascular health, while also highlighting the fact that the last 10 years have brought great discoveries in the strong environmental component of brain disorders, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. It is now clear that brain insult is an environmental risk factor for AD, while on the other hand, lifestyle components such as exercise and level of education may play a protective role, delaying the onset and/or severity of the disease. Evidence from experiments in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease contributes major insight into the molecular mechanisms by which the environment plays its role in AD. Additionally, there are diseases related to lifestyle that may lead to AD. This volume reviews new discoveries related to all these factors, serving as a translational tool for clinicians and researchers interested in genetic and environmental risk factors for the disease. - Provides the first volume to link genetic and environmental risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and dementia - Aids researchers and clinicians in understanding the basic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline - Brings the basic science and clinical perspectives together in a single volume, facilitating translational possibilities - Includes a range of molecular to behavioral components assembled into a single volume that creates an excellent resource for basic and clinical neuroscientists
Download or read book Mechanisms of Memory written by J. David Sweatt and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised second edition provides the only unified synthesis of available information concerning the mechanisms of higher-order memory formation. It spans the range from learning theory, to human and animal behavioral learning models, to cellular physiology and biochemistry. It is unique in its incorporation of chapters on memory disorders, tying in these clinically important syndromes with the basic science of synaptic plasticity and memory mechanisms. It also covers cutting-edge approaches such as the use of genetically engineered animals in studies of memory and memory diseases. Written in an engaging and easily readable style and extensively illustrated with many new, full-color figures to help explain key concepts, this book demystifies the complexities of memory and deepens the reader's understanding. - More than 25% new content, particularly expanding the scope to include new findings in translational research. - Unique in its depth of coverage of molecular and cellular mechanisms - Extensive cross-referencing to Comprehensive Learning and Memory - Discusses clinically relevant memory disorders in the context of modern molecular research and includes numerous practical examples
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Marie-Francoise Chesselet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-10-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the unprecedented identification of new mutation mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases and the emergence of common mechanisms among diseases that were once considered unrelated, neurobiologists are poised for the development of new therapies based on high throughput screenings and a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration. In Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Marie-Francoise Chesselet, MD, PhD, and a panel of leading researchers and neurologists from industry and academia critically review the most recent advances from different yet complementary points of view. Focusing on Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and CAG triplet repeat diseases, the authors show how studies of cellular and genetically engineered animal models have enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and may lead to the development of new therapeutics. Topics include the role of Ab toxicity, glial cells, and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease; the formation of abnormal protein fragments across several diseases, the impact of dopamine and mitochondrial dysfunction on neurodegeneration; and the potential of genetics to identify the molecular mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. Authoritative and insightful, Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases synthesizes the novel ideas and concepts now emerging to create a fresh understanding of neurodegenerative disorders, one that promises to lead to powerful new therapies that prevent, delay the onset, slow the progression, or even cure these cruel diseases.
Download or read book Synaptic Plasticity written by Michael R. Kreutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the current concepts of molecular mechanisms in synaptic plasticity and provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research technology used to investigate the molecular dynamics of the synapses. It explores current concepts on activity-dependent remodeling of the synaptic cytoskeleton and presents the latest ideas on the different forms of plasticity in synapses and dendrites. Synaptic Plasticity in Health and Disease not only supplies readers with extensive knowledge on the latest developments in research, but also with important information on clinical and applied aspects. Changes in spine synapses in different brain disease states, so-called synaptopathies, are explained and described by experts in the field. By outlining basic research findings as well as physiological and pathophysiological impacts on synaptic plasticity, the book represents an essential state-of-the-art work for scientists in the fields of biochemistry, molecular biology and the neurosciences, as well as for doctors in neurology and psychiatry alike.
Download or read book Synaptic Plasticity and the Mechanism of Alzheimer s Disease written by Dennis J. Selkoe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-02 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A biochemical hypothesis - that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive cerebral amyloidosis caused by the aggregation of the amyloid b-protein (Ab) - preceded and enabled the discovery of etiologies. This volume serves as a record focused on bringing together investigators at the forefront of elucidating the structure and function of hippocampal synapses with investigators focused on understanding how early assemblies of Ab may compromise some of these synapses.
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity written by Hongik Hwang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synaptic plasticity serves as a central molecular mechanism underlying learning and memory formation in the brain. An increase in intracellular calcium concentrations triggered by neuronal activity induces synaptic plasticity, and calmodulin is a key protein that detects the elevated calcium levels and propagates downstream signaling. Neurogranin is a neuron-specific protein that binds to calmodulin and regulates the availability of calmodulin in the postsynaptic compartments of excitatory neurons. Dysregulation of neurogranin has been reported to cause altered synaptic plasticity as well as impairment in hippocampus-dependent learning, and is also associated with the higher risk of developing neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Therefore, it is critical to understand how neurogranin regulates the induction of synaptic plasticity in the brain at the molecular level. The focus of this thesis is to examine how the changes in neurogranin expression levels contribute to the induction of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus with a spike-timing-dependent plasticity paradigm and to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using lentivirus-mediated manipulations of neurogranin levels in hippocampal CAl neurons, we found that increasing neurogranin levels in CAI neurons prolongs the timing window for spike-timing-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP), whereas acute knockdown of neurogranin inhibits the expression of LTP via regulating PP2B activity. We have also found that neurogranin interferes with calcium-dependent inactivation of neuronal L-type calcium channels and allows a sustained influx of calcium during the membrane depolarization in hippocampal neurons. Our results indicate that dynamic changes in neurogranin levels play a crucial role in setting the threshold for inducing LTP in spike-timing-dependent plasticity in the hippocampus.
Download or read book Alzheimer s Disease Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Amyloid beta written by J. Robin Harris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-12-17 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major thrusts of present-day clinical research, strongly supported by more fimdamental cellular, biochemical, immunological and structural studies. It is these latter that receive attention within this book. This compilation of 20 chapters indicates the diversity of work currently in progress and summarizes the current state of knowledge. Experienced authors who are scientifically active in their fields of study have been selected as contributors to this book, in an attempt to present a reasonably complete survey of the field. Inevitably, some exciting topics for one reason or another have not been included, for which we can only apologize. Standardization of terminology is often a problem in science, not least in the Alzheimer field; editorial effort has been made to achieve standardization between the Chapters, but some minor yet acceptable personal / author variation is still present, i. e. P-amyloid/amyloid-P; Ap42/Apl-42/APi. 42! The book commences with a broad survey of the contribution that the range of available microscopical techniques has made to the study of Alzheimer's amyloid plaques and amyloid fibrillogenesis. This chapter also serves as an Introduction to the book, since several of the topics introduced here are expanded upon in later chapters. Also, it is significant to the presence of this chapter that the initial discovery of brain plaques, by Alois Alzheimer, utilized light microscopy, a technique that continues to be extremely valuable in present-day AD research.
Download or read book Learning Memory and Synaptic Plasticity in Alzheimer s Model Mice written by Jason Knight Clark and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of aging thought to be initiated by production of Amyloid-[beta] peptide, which leads to synaptic dysfunction and progressive memory loss, and the eventual formation of [beta]-Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary Tau tangles. Working memory is one of the first cognitive impairments in AD. We therefore wanted to explore the cellular mechanisms underlying working memory impairments in AD utilizing a well-known triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (3xTg-AD) carrying mutations in APP, PS1, and Tau. We evaluated working memory using an 8-arm radial maze, and synaptic transmission and plasticity using an ex vivo hippocampal slice preparation to measure field Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potentials (fEPSP) in the CA1 region of ventral hippocampus. Unexpectedly, young 3xTg-AD mice at 3 months of age, typically considered to be presymptomatic, were significantly impaired in the spatial working memory task compared to Nontransgenic (NonTg) control mice. Measurements of fEPSPs to evaluate Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) as an indicator of long-term synaptic plasticity showed the NMDA receptor-dependent component of LTP (NMDAR LTP) was reduced in 3xTg-AD mice compared to NonTg mice. The remaining non-NMDA receptor-dependent component of LTP (non-NMDAR LTP) however was increased, resulting in a total LTP that was not different between 3xTg-AD and NonTg mice. At 8 months of age, 3xTg-AD mice were again significantly impaired in the spatial working memory task, and NMDAR LTP was again reduced in 3xTg-AD mice. The non-NMDAR LTP however was also reduced in 3xTg-AD mice, resulting in a total LTP that was now reduced in 3xTg-AD mice. The majority (>90%) of non-NMDAR LTP is mediated by Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels (VDCC), and attempts to block LTP using NMDAR and VDCC antagonists were unsuccessful, indicating 3xTg-AD mice have compensatory mechanisms for LTP expression that occur independently of NMDAR or non-NMDAR dependent mechanisms. In addition, 3xTg-AD mice also showed impairments in short-term synaptic plasticity and basal synaptic transmission at both 3 and 8 months of age. These impairments in synaptic transmission and plasticity coincide with impairments in spatial working memory, and understanding the nature of these altered mechanisms may lead to therapeutic targets for disorders such as AD.
Download or read book Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer s Disease written by A.D. Roses and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is now considerable genetic evidence that the type 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene is a major susceptibility factor associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease, the common form of the disease defined as starting after sixty years of age. The role of apolipoprotein E in normal brain metabolism and in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease are new and exciting avenues of research. This book, written by the most outstanding scientists in this new filed, is the first presentation of results concerning the implications of apolipoprotein E on the genetics, cell biology, neuropathology, biochemistry, and therapeutic management of Alzheimer's disease.
