Download or read book The Moderating Effects of Perfectionism and Ethnic Identity on the Relationship Between Sociocultural Pressure and Body Dissatisfaction written by Nicole M. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of body image research within the last two decades has been on the relationship between sociocultural pressure to be thin and body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction has become an increasingly prevalent problem in Western society as women are becoming increasingly displeased with their body size (Grabe & Hyde, 2006). Sociocultural pressure has been shown to be lead to increased drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and eating pathology (Levine et al., 1994). While these findings have been consistently shown in Caucasian females, research with African American female samples has found inconsistent results. Research has generally argued that Caucasian females experience greater body dissatisfaction and eating pathology than African Americans (Akan & Grilo, 1995; Crago et al., 1996) and that African Americans are less affected by sociocultural pressure to be thin (Schooler et al., 2004). There may be other variables that would enhance our understanding of these relationships among African American women. The purpose of this research was to examine the mediational influences of body dissatisfaction on the relationship between sociocultural pressure and eating pathology and the moderational influences of perfectionism and ethnic identity on the relationship between sociocultural pressure and body dissatisfaction. Participants were 100 undergraduate or graduate African American females enrolled at a private or public college or university. Following informed consent, participants completed the following questionnaires: a demographic data sheet, the Perceived Sociocultural Pressure Scale (Stice & Bearman, 2001), the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS; Brown et al., 1990; Cash, 2000), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS; Hewitt & Flett, 1991), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS; Frost et al., 1990), the Multi-group Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM; Phinney, 1992; Roberts et al., 1999), and the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS; Stice et al., 2000; Stice et al., 2004). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test the hypothesized mediational and moderational pathways. Results suggest that body satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between sociocultural pressure and eating pathology. Self-oriented perfectionism moderated the relationship between sociocultural pressure and body satisfaction. When sociocultural pressure was reconceptualized as sociocultural pressure from the media and sociocultural pressure from peers and family, self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism moderated the relationship between sociocultural pressure from the media and body satisfaction. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed.

Download or read book The Moderating Effect of Perfectionism on the Relationship Between Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Disorders written by Celeste M. Morrow and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationships Between Alexithymia Perfectionism Aelf esteem Ethnicity and Body Image Disturbance written by Whitney Alexis Kantack and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body image disturbance is a pervasive problem in this country that is associated with eating disorder pathology, depression, anxiety, and other psychological problems. Very few studies have attempted to examine body distortion (the more severe form of body dissatisfaction) as it relates to alexithymia, perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, self-esteem, ethnicity, and ethnic identity. This study explored the relationships between body satisfaction/dissatisfaction and body distortion with alexithymia, self-esteem, and perfectionism and ethnicity variables through the use of the following measures: Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale (PSPS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM), Appearance Evaluation and Body Areas Satisfaction subscales of the Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), Photographic Figure Rating Scale (PFRS), and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT). Participants included 151 females of all ethnicities between the ages of 18 and 65 (Mage = 29.98 years). Results indicated that self-esteem was the most significant predictor of body satisfaction. Additionally, greater body satisfaction was associated with lower levels of alexithymia, perfectionism, and perfectionistic self-presentation and higher levels of ethnic identity. Body satisfaction also was found to mediate the relationship between ethnic identity and body distortion. Further, body satisfaction was found to vary based on age, parent education, and parent SES. These findings present important information on psychosocial factors which influence body dissatisfaction.

Download or read book Comparing to Perceived Perfection written by Danielle R. Ridolfi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body dissatisfaction is a multidimensional concept tapping behavioral, cognitive, and affective domains (Rosen, 1992). In addition to being a source of psychological distress, body dissatisfaction is a precursor for eating disorders (Stice, 2002). Exposure to media images of thin women has been shown to increase body dissatisfaction among young women (Groesz, Levine, & Murnen, 2002). Furthermore, research shows that actively comparing weight and shape to a more attractive target is associated with body dissatisfaction (Leahy, Crowther, & Mickelson, 2007). Body image cognitive distortions and socially-prescribed perfectionism may influence social comparisons to media images and peers by strengthening the relationship between social comparisons and body dissatisfaction; however, studies of body image cognitive distortions and socially-prescribed perfectionism as moderators are lacking. Although social comparisons have been studied in the laboratory, naturalistic studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) provide results that can be generalized to real-world phenomena. The present study examined the effect of social comparisons in the natural environment. It was hypothesized that making social comparisons to media images and peers would result in an increase in the four dependent variables: body checking, body dissatisfaction, guilt, and negative affect. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that body image cognitive distortions and socially prescribed perfectionism would moderate the relationship between social comparisons to media images and peers and the four dependent variables. Participants were 97 female undergraduates (mean age = 19.51, SD = 3.31; mean BMI = 24.22, SD = 5.32). Following informed consent, all participants completed a battery of questionnaires. Participants were instructed to fill out a diary questionnaire on the PDA whenever the alarm sounded. The alarm sounded at five random times each day for five days. Questionnaires imbedded in the PDA assessed whether or not participants made a social comparison to a media image or a peer and also included items assessing affect, body checking, and body image self-esteem. Results showed that making a social comparison to a media image resulted in a statistically significant increase in body checking, guilt, and negative affect and making a social comparison to a peer resulted in a statistically significant increase in body checking and guilt. Body image cognitive distortions moderated the relationship between social comparisons to peers and body checking. As body image cognitive distortions increased, body checking increased for those making a peer comparison. These findings have important implications for the prevention of body dissatisfaction and eating disorders.

Download or read book Social Comparison Ethnicity Body Image and Media Exposure to Thin ideal Models written by Cortney Soderlind Warren and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social comparison theory offers a useful conceptual framework to understand how mainstream American sociocultural values of appearance may shape the development of body image disturbance and eating disorders. Some experimental research demonstrates that women report significantly greater increases in negative affect and body image disturbance and decreases in self-esteem after viewing thin models than after viewing inanimate objects, normal-weight models, and overweight women. The main goal of this study was to investigate whether the effects of viewing thin models are influenced by the ethnicity of the observer and/or the ethnic and racial similarity of the model to the observer. In addition, the study tested the extent to which social comparison tendency, trait appearance evaluation, ethnic identity, and racial identity may moderate these effects. In study 1, women rated the race, attractiveness, and thinness of a group of ethnically diverse models. Study 2 assessed affect, self-esteem, and body image in Euro-American (n = 105), African-American (n = 91), and Latina (n = 111) women before and after viewing ethnically self-similar models, self-different models, or control images. Results indicated that ethnic similarity between model and participants influenced affect such that increased social comparison tendency in Latina participants predicted increased negative affect after viewing Latina models. Additionally, the type of media images viewed and proposed moderators influenced affect and body image. As predicted, positive appearance evaluation was more strongly associated with positive feelings about one0́9s weight after viewing models and, in African-American and Latina women, increased idealization of Whiteness was associated with decreased positive feelings regarding one0́9s weight after viewing White models. Unexpectedly, increased social comparison tendency was associated with increased positive affect after viewing African-American models whereas increased social comparison tendency was associated with less positive affect after viewing Latina models. Finally, independent of media exposure, African-American women reported higher appearance-based self-esteem and body image than Euro-American and Latina women and increased social comparison tendency, decreased positive appearance evaluation, decreased ethnic identity, and increased racial identity idealizing Whiteness were each associated with undesirable levels of self-esteem and body image. Clinical implications and directions for future research are provided.

Download or read book Does Culture Moderate the Relationship Between Awareness and Internalization of Western Ideals and the Development of Body Dissatisfaction in Women written by Cortney Soderlind Warren and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sociocultural model of eating disorders suggests that awareness of a thin physical ideal directly affects internalization of that ideal, which in turn, directly affects body dissatisfaction. The current study evaluated the general accuracy of the sociocultural model and examined the potential for ethnicity to protect against eating disorder symptomatology by moderating the relationships between awareness and internalization and between internalization and body dissatisfaction. Spanish (n = 100), Mexican American (n = 100), and Euro-American (n = 100) female participants completed various questionnaires measuring sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body dissatisfaction. Analysis of covariance with tests of homogeneity of slope and path analysis using maximum likelihood with robust standard errors tested the two relationships by ethnic group. Results supported the sociocultural model: there was strong evidence for the mediational effect of internalization on the relationship between awareness and body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, ethnicity moderated the relationships such that both relationships were significantly stronger for Euro-American women than for Mexican American or Spanish women. Within the Mexican American group level of acculturation also moderated these relationships. Taken together, the results of this study highlight how ethnicity can protect against the development of eating disorder symptoms. Denouncing the thin ideal, minimizing appearance as an indicator of female value, and emphasizing personal traits other than appearance as determinants of worth are important in protecting against the development of body dissatisfaction and more severe eating pathology.

Download or read book The Impact of Race and Ethnic Identity on Body Dissatisfaction and Fit Ideal Internalization in College Age Females written by Monica R Dunn and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body dissatisfaction (BD) negatively impacts health risk behaviors (drug, alcohol use, and self-harm), mental health outcomes (self-esteem, depression, and suicidal ideation) and psychosocial quality of life in females. Most of the research conducted on BD has primarily studied White females and their drive for thinness; this research is limited and less generalizable because it lacks representation of diverse racial populations in the US. A majority of research conducted on BD has been correlated and predicted by the individual's drive for thinness (thin ideal internalization). However, an increasingly prevalent body image issue is the drive to attain an ultra-fit body, characterized by a very toned and lean body, known as the fit ideal internalization. PURPOSE: To assess how race and ethnic identity impacts a woman's internalization of the fit body ideal and BD. METHODS: Female college students between the ages of 18-25 years were recruited to take an online survey. Demographic and body image questionnaires were used. An independent t-test was used to analyze the impact of race on the internalized fit ideal and BD. A linear regression model was used to assess the impact of ethnic identity on the internalized fit ideal and BD. RESULTS: Participants (N = 340; 21.5±1.9 years; 36% Non-White) had an average BMI of 25.1±5.5 kg/m2. After separating the sample by race (White females versus Non-White females), fit ideal internalization (FIIT) and BD was assessed. FIIT is scored from 1 to 5 with higher scores indicating higher FIIT. White females (n=217) scored 3.3 ± 0.7 while Non-White females (n=121) scored 3.1 ± 0.7 (p=.588); thus, there was no significant difference between White and Non-White females on FIIT. Ethnic identity (B=-.023, p=.631) was not shown to significantly influence FIIT; thus, the more a college female identifies with her ethnicity there is no impact of this identity on her internalization of the fit body ideal. BD is scored from 1 to 5 with lower scores indicating higher BD. White females (n=217) scored 3.2 ± 0.7 while Non-White females (n=121) scored 3.3 ± 0.7 (p=.588); thus, there was no significant difference between BD in White versus Non-White females. Ethnic identity (B=.071, p=.127) was not shown to significantly influence body dissatisfaction; thus, the more a college female identifies with her ethnicity there is no impact of this identity on her dissatisfaction with her body. CONCLUSION: FIIT and BD are public health issues that impact women of all races. To address body image issues in women, FIIT must be assessed in clinical settings as it plays a key predictive role on BD. Marketing health and fitness through the attainment of an ultra-fit body type, needs to be re-evaluated as internalization of a fit body ideal has damaging effects on body image of women of all races. To empower a generation of physical health and psychosocial well-being, promoting body positivity is essential.

Download or read book Exploring Self discrepancy and Body Shame Models of Perfectionistic Self presentation in Moderating the Relationship Between Body Image Disturbance and Appearance Management Behaviors in a College Female Sample written by Megan Agee Guidry and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous studies have measured facets of perfectionism within a disease model, focusing heavily on the eating disordered population. The present study sought to further explore an interpersonal dimension of perfectionism within a nonclinical sample, to see if this type of perfectionism moderated the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and behaviors aimed at changing the physical appearance. A sample of young women (N = 475) were given measures to assess negative perfectionism, interpersonal perfectionism, body dissatisfaction and shame, sociocultural perceptions, and appearance management behaviors. Three significant interactions were observed, among body shame, sociocultural perceptions, and interpersonal perfectionism. Additionally, negative perfectionism displayed a robust and consistent relationship with other predictor variables throughout. Specific types of sociocultural perceptions on appearance were significant predictors of changing one's appearance in response to body image disturbance. These findings may steer future prevention research to explore how these personality and sociocultural factors influence appearance management behaviors.

Download or read book Exploring the Moderating Role of Ethnic Identity in the Relation Between Adolescent Stress and Life Satisfaction written by Allyson Topps and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in the field of positive psychology has expanded knowledge about factors that contribute to well-being. Less attention has focused on the role of ethnic identity in youths reactions to environmental factors and perceived life experiences. This study examined the potential protective effect of ethnic identity in the relation between adolescents normative social stressors (family and peer) and a minority stressor (perceived discrimination) and life satisfaction. Data was collected via self-report measures from 417 adolescents (age range 14 to 18, 63.0% girls) at a public high school in the mid-south region of the United States. Moderation analyses were conducted in the PROCESS macro for SPSS to test three types of moderation models: single moderator, multiple moderator, and moderated moderation. Ethnic identity was the moderator in all models. Ethnicity was added as a second moderator in the last two models. Results showed that ethnic identity and ethnicity moderated the relation between peer stress and life satisfaction in one multiple moderator model. Conditional effect analyses revealed that the effect of peer stress on life satisfaction was significant and decreased across low, moderate, and high levels of ethnic identity for African Americans. For European Americans, the effect of peer stress on life satisfaction was significant and decreased at low and moderate levels of ethnic identity only. No significant moderation effects were found in the models with family stress and stress from perceived discrimination as predictors. The findings suggested that the effect of peer stress on life satisfaction differs between African American and European American adolescents, and ethnic identity demonstrates a protective effect in the context of peer stress for both African American and European American adolescents. Implications and future directions are discussed..

Download or read book Relationships Among Body Image Dissatisfaction Racial Identity and Racial Socialization in African American Women College Students written by Desire Shenay Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discussion of race within body image research has for many years been a topic of empirical focus. However, remaining still is a lack of knowledge regarding the unique sociocultural factors that are involved in African American women's experience of body and the development of body dissatisfaction. Racial identity and family background may impact Black women's body attitudes. The proposed study is an exploratory investigation of body dissatisfaction in a sample of African American women college students. Specifically, the role of racial identity and the endorsement of racial socialization messages received from family will be examined. Findings will serve to increase understanding of the sociocultural underpinnings of body image among Black women. Racial identity and racial socialization will be tested as potential predictors of body dissatisfaction through hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Racial identity status will be examined as a potential mediator of racial socialization and body dissatisfaction.

Download or read book The Impact of Racial Socialization and Racial Identity on Body Dissatisfaction in African American Women College Students written by Desire Shenay Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lack of knowledge exists regarding the sociocultural factors involved in African American women’s experience of body dissatisfaction. This study examined the body image attitudes of African American women through the constructs of racial socialization from family and racial identity. This study was partially exploratory in nature, as few researchers have examined the relation between racial socialization from family and body dissatisfaction. Specifically, this study examined (1) the relationships between endorsement of various racial socialization messages and body dissatisfaction (2) the relationships between racial identity attitudes and body dissatisfaction (3) the role of racial socialization messages and racial identity attitudes in the prediction of body dissatisfaction (4) racial identity attitudes as mediators of the relationship between racial socialization messages and body dissatisfaction. Participants included 187 African American women. The majority of the population was recruited from a large, southwestern, predominantly White university. With regard to racial socialization, results did not support a significant relationship between Protective messages and body dissatisfaction, Coping messages and body dissatisfaction, and Affirmation messages and body dissatisfaction. However, Stereotyping messages were found to be significant and positively related to body dissatisfaction. Results revealed that among racial identity attitudes Pre-Encounter Self-Hatred was significantly and positively related to body dissatisfaction. Findings did not support significant relationships between Pre-Encounter Assimilation, Pre-Encounter Miseducation, Immersion-Emersion Anti-White, Internalization Afrocentric, Internalization Multicultural Inclusive racial identity attitudes and body dissatisfaction. Additionally, Stereotyping messages and Pre-Encounter Self-Hatred were predictive of body dissatisfaction among this sample of African American women. Finally, Pre-Encounter Self-Hatred racial identity attitudes mediated the relationship between Stereotyping messages and body dissatisfaction. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Download or read book Examining the Relationship Between Competitiveness and Body Dissatisfaction in African American and Caucasian Women written by Karen Pulliam Egan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and dieting peer competitiveness, general competitiveness, and ethnic identity among African American and Caucasian women, online survey data from 165 African American and 178 Caucasian participants were analyzed. Two measures of body dissatisfaction were used, one focusing on the size and shape of specific body parts and one broadening the definition of body dissatisfaction to include variables that have been found to be important in body image of African American women, such as skin complexion, hair texture, and body proportion. Analysis of covariance tests were conducted to assess the effect of race/ethnicity on body dissatisfaction scores while controlling for age, body mass index, household income, number of children, self-esteem, and depression. Caucasian participants had significantly higher adjusted mean scores for body dissatisfaction than African American participants on both measures (Caucasian adj M = 1.431, African American adj M = 1.065; adj M = 1.431, African American adj M = 1.00). Dieting peer competitiveness was a significant predictor of both types of body dissatisfaction for all participants (F(1, 282) = 35.846, p .01); (F(1, 277) = 67.420, p .01)). General competitiveness scores were not a significant predictor of either type of body dissatisfaction for all participants (F(1, 276) = .001, p .05); (F(1, 272) = .485, p .05)). Ethnic identity was a significant predictor of body dissatisfaction as measured by the broader construct ((F(1, 267) = 6.631, p .05); (F(1, 257) = .5.140, p .05)) but not for body dissatisfaction as defined as shape and size of particular body parts ((F(1, 261) = .443, p .05); (F(1, 256) = .002, p .05)). Racial/ethnic differences in body dissatisfaction were found among women ranging in age from 18 to 73 years old. Peer competitiveness focused on body image and eating behaviors was related to body dissatisfaction for African American and Caucasian women while general competitiveness scores were not, adding support to Social Comparison Theory. Ethnic Identity was also found to be related to a broader definition of body dissatisfaction, which included skin complexion and hair texture.

Download or read book Cultural Components of Body Dissatisfaction in Ethnically Diverse Women written by Elysia Georges Sotiriou and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cultural body dissatisfaction concerns salient to ethnic minority women are often unrecognized or overlooked by researchers and healthcare providers conditioned to view body dissatisfaction as synonymous with weight dissatisfaction. A culturally-inclusive understanding of body dissatisfaction has broad implications for better identifying individuals at risk for developing eating disorders and comorbid conditions, reforming etiological frameworks of eating pathology and body image disturbance, increasing efficacy of preventative approaches and treatment interventions, and decreasing ethnic health disparities. The purposes of the current investigation are twofold; to illustrate the salience of cultural body dissatisfaction concerns and weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns among a sample of Black, Latina, Asian, and White female undergraduate students, and to explore the extent to which ethnic group membership, BMI, sociocultural appearance-related pressure (i.e., family, peers, and media), weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns, and cultural body dissatisfaction concerns predict eating disorder symptomology, body dysmorphia, and cosmetic surgery attitudes among ethnic minority participants. MANCOVA analyses and hierarchical linear regressions were used to analyze data obtained from online survey responses of 313 diverse undergraduate women. Results illustrated the presence of statistically significant differences in levels of endorsement on both cultural and weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns between ethnic groups, specifically for cultural size and shape concerns, skin tone and facial features, the hourglass ideal, eye concerns, and thin ideal internalization. Both cultural and weight-focused body dissatisfaction concerns emerged as significant predictors for eating disorder symptomology, however, weight-focused concerns played no significant role in relation to body dysmorphia or cosmetic surgery attitudes among ethnic minority participants. The cultural concerns shown to be statistically significant predictors among participants of color for body dysmorphia and attitudes towards cosmetic surgery were cultural size and shape concerns and the hourglass ideal. The absence of cultural components from body image investigations and screening measures hinders the ability to reliably and holistically comprehend how body dissatisfaction presents and influences the actions, attitudes, and development of body and eating comorbidities affecting ethnically diverse women. Recognition of cultural body dissatisfaction concerns could help reduce ethnic health disparities in identification and treatment of body image disturbance and eating pathology impacting the American healthcare system

Download or read book Perfectionism and Its Relationship to Racial Identity Satisfaction with Life Stress and Coping written by Angela Heads and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of perfectionism has grown over the past few years with most of the interest focused on the relationship between perfectionism and psychological functioning. Although the literature on perfectionism has continued to increase, the study of the impact of cultural differences on perfectionism and psychological functioning has been understudied. This study examines the relationships between racial identity, perfectionism and satisfaction of life along with other factors that may mediate this relationship such as coping style and stress. A multicultural model of the stress process posited by Slavin, Rainer, et al. (1991) provides a basis for examining the importance of cultural influences on perfectionism. 122 African American women were recruited via university organization listservs and email lists and through direct contact with university professors to complete surveys on perfectionism, life satisfaction, stress and coping. Analysis of data indicated that individuals in the pre-encounter status of racial identity reported lower satisfaction with life. This finding is consistent with prior studies. Findings also included a significant positive relationship (p

Download or read book The Relationship Between the Media Body Image and the Moderating Effects of Social Support written by Wilhelmina Mauritz and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Moderating Role of Perfectionism in Appearance Comparison and Body Dissatisfaction in Female College Students written by Kwok-leung Wong and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Association Between Body Dissatisfaction and Depression An Examination of the Moderating Effects of Gender Age and Weight Status in a Sample of Chinese Adolescents written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: