Download or read book The Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkenes written by Jack George Calvert and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of smog in urban atmospheres involves the interaction of sunlight with an air mixture containing nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons -- the most reactive class of these hydrocarbons being alkenes. This important new book, by a team of leading atmospheric chemists, reviews and evaluates the existing literature on the atmospheric chemistry of these compounds, focusing on the search for a more quantitative understanding of the phenomenon which can then be applied to control methods. It includes detailed examinations of the reactions of alkenes and even suggests areas for further laboratory studies. This book is ideal for climatologists, meteorologists, and scientists studying the chemistry of the atmosphere and can also serve as a valuable text for graduate courses in atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric science.

Download or read book The Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by Jack G. Calvert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-02-14 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text reviews many of the aspects of the chemistry of the aromatic hydrocarbons and a consensus evaluation of the data by seven of the leading atmospheric scientists. The book covers topics ranging from the relative importance of the compounds in ozone and haze development to methods of estimating elemantary rate coefficients based on structural features of the compounds to mechanisms of aerosol generation and atmostpheric reaction of the polycyclic compounds to photochemical processes. It identifies features of the aromatic hydrocarbons requiring further study and appendicies give the structural formulas and nomenclature of the compounds reviewed in the book.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkanes written by Jack G Calvert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 1005 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international team of eminent atmospheric scientists have prepared Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkanes as an authoritative source of information on the role of alkanes in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The book includes the properties of the alkanes and haloalkanes, as well as a comprehensive review and evaluation of the existing literature on the atmospheric chemistry of the alkanes and their major atmospheric oxidation products, and the various approaches now used to model the alkane atmospheric chemistry. Comprehensive coverage is given of both the unsubstituted alkanes and the many haloalkanes. All the existing quality measurements of the rate coefficients for the reactions of OH, Cl, O(3P), NO3, and O3 with the alkanes, the haloalkanes, and their major oxidation products have been reviewed and evaluated. The expert authors then give recommendations of the most reliable kinetic data. They also review the extensive literature on the mechanisms and rates and modes of photodecomposition of the haloalkanes and the products of atmospheric oxidation of the alkanes and the haloalkanes, and make recommendations for future use by atmospheric scientists. The evaluations presented allow an extrapolation of the existing kinetic and photochemical data to those alkanes and haloalkanes that are as yet unstudied. The current book should be of special interest and value to the modelers of atmospheric chemistry as a useful input for development of realistic modules designed to simulate the atmospheric chemistry of the alkanes, their major oxidation products, and their influence on ozone and other trace gases within the troposphere.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates written by Jack Calvert and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared by an international team of eminent atmospheric scientists, Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates is an authoritative source of information on the role of oxygenates in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The oxygenates, including the many different alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, and nitrogen-atom containing oxygenates, are of special interest today due to their increased use as alternative fuels and fuel additives. This book describes the physical properties of oxygenates, as well as the chemical and photochemical parameters that determine their reaction pathways in the atmosphere. Quantitative descriptions of the pathways of the oxygenates from release or formation in the atmosphere to final products are provided, as is a comprehensive review and evaluation of the extensive kinetic literature on the atmospheric chemistry of the different oxygenates and their many halogen-atom substituted analogues. This book will be of interest to modelers of atmospheric chemistry, environmental scientists and engineers, and air quality planning agencies as a useful input for development of realistic modules designed to simulate the atmospheric chemistry of the oxygenates, their major oxidation products, and their influence on ozone and other trace gases within the troposhere.

Download or read book The Mechanisms of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone written by Jack G. Calvert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-13 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ozone, an important trace component, is critical to life on Earth and to atmospheric chemistry. The presence of ozone profoundly impacts the physical structure of the atmosphere and meteorology. Ozone is also an important photolytic source for HO radicals, the driving force for most of the chemistry that occurs in the lower atmosphere, is essential to shielding biota, and is the only molecule in the atmosphere that provides protection from UV radiation in the 250-300 nm region. However, recent concerns regarding environmental issues have inspired a need for a greater understanding of ozone, and the effects that it has on the Earth's atmosphere. The Mechanisms of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone provides an overview of the chemical processes associated with the formation and loss of ozone in the atmosphere, meeting the need for a greater body of knowledge regarding atmospheric chemistry. Renowned atmospheric researcher Jack Calvert and his coauthors discuss the various chemical and physical properties of the earth's atmosphere, the ways in which ozone is formed and destroyed, and the mechanisms of various ozone chemical reactions in the different spheres of the atmosphere. The volume is rich with valuable knowledge and useful descriptions, and will appeal to environmental scientists and engineers alike. A thorough analysis of the processes related to tropospheric ozone, The Mechanisms of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone is an essential resource for those hoping to combat the continuing and future environmental problems, particularly issues that require a deeper understanding of atmospheric chemistry.

Download or read book The Atmospheric Chemist s Companion written by Peter Warneck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-17 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This companion provides a collection of frequently needed numerical data as a convenient desk-top or pocket reference for atmospheric scientists as well as a concise source of information for others interested in this matter. The material contained in this book was extracted from the recent and the past scientific literature; it covers essentially all aspects of atmospheric chemistry. The data are presented primarily in the form of annotated tables while any explanatory text is kept to a minimum. In this condensed form of presentation, the volume may serve also as a supplement to many textbooks used in teaching the subject at various universities.

Download or read book Environment Energy and Climate Change I written by Elena Jiménez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-16 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a comprehensive overview of advanced research in the field of environmental green chemistry for air, soil and water pollutants, and presents emerging technologies on the chemical treatment of polluted sites and wastes. The 15 chapters, prepared by internationally respected experts, address the following topics: (1) monitoring of indoor and outdoor air pollutants; (2) atmospheric degradation processes and formation mechanisms of secondary pollutants; (3) the environmental assessment and impacts of soils polluted by heavy metals and hydrocarbons; (4) sustainable and emerging technologies for the chemical treatment of organic and animal wastes and wastewaters; (5) photocatalytic CO2 conversion methods for the mitigation of greenhouse effects; and (6) non-conventional methods in green chemistry synthesis. Lastly, the authors outline the future perspectives of each topic. Given its multidisciplinary approach, combining environmental analysis and engineering, the book offers a valuable resource for all researchers and students interested in environmental chemistry and engineering.

Download or read book Atmospheric Chemistry written by Ann M Holloway and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric Chemistry provides readers with a basic knowledge of the chemistry of Earth's atmosphere, and an understanding of the role that chemical transformations play in this vital part of our environment. The composition of the 'natural' atmosphere (troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere) is described in terms of the physical and chemical cycles that govern the behaviour of the major and the many minor species present, and of the atmospheric lifetimes of those species. An extension of these ideas leads to a discussion of the impacts of Man's activities on the atmosphere, and to an understanding of some of the most important environmental issues of our time. One thread of the book explains how living organisms alter the composition and pressures in the atmosphere, modify temperatures, and change the intensity and wavelength-distribution of light arriving from the Sun. Meanwhile, the living organisms on Earth have depended on these very same environmental conditions being satisfactory for the maintenance and evolution of life. There thus appear to be two-way interactions between life and the atmosphere. Man, just one species of living organism, has developed an unfortunate ability to interfere with the feedbacks that seem to have maintained the atmosphere to be supportive of surface life for more than 3.5 billion years. This book will help chemists to understand the background to the problems that arise from such interference. The structure of the book and the development of the subject deviate somewhat from those usually encountered. Important and recurring concepts are presented in outline first, before more detailed discussions of the atmospheric behaviour of specific chemical species. Examples of such themes are the sources and sinks of trace gases, and their budgets and lifetimes. That is, the emphasis is initially on the principles of the subject, with the finer points emerging at later points in the book, sometimes in several successive chapters. In this way, some of the core material gets repeated exposure, but in new ways and in new contexts. The book is written at a level that makes it accessible to undergraduate chemists, and in a manner that should make it interesting to them. However, the material presented forms a solid base for those who are extending their studies to a higher level, and it will also provide non-specialists with the background to an understanding of Man's several and varied threats to the atmosphere. Well-informed citizens can then better assess measures proposed to prevent or alleviate the potential damage, and policy makers more realistically formulate the necessary controls on a sound scientific foundation.

Download or read book Air Pollution and Health Effects written by Srikanth S. Nadadur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to ambient air pollutants, both indoors and outdoors has been associated with the exacerbation and also in the etiology of diverse human diseases. This book offers an overview of our current understanding of air pollution health risks and how this knowledge is being used in the regulatory, therapeutic intervention measures to protect the public health and reduce the disease burden caused by acute and long-term exposure to air pollutants. Air Pollution and Health Effects provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of air pollution health risks, morbidity and the global disease burden, whilst also delivering critical review on state of the art research so as to gain a fundamental understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in the etiology of air pollution-induced diseases. Chapters range from pregnancy outcomes and pre-term birth, carcinogens in the ambient aerosol and the health consequences of indoor biomass burning. Special emphasis is placed on regional and local air pollution and its impact on global health along with suitable preventive and interventional measures. With contributions from international experts in the field this volume is a valuable guide for researchers and clinicians in toxicology, medicine and public health as well as industry and government regulatory scientists involved in health protection.

Download or read book Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists written by C. Nick Hewitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and air quality are two of the most pressing issuesfacing Mankind. This book gives undergraduate and graduate studentsand professionals working in the science and policy of pollution,climate change and air quality a broad and up-to-date account ofour understanding of the processes that occur in the atmosphere,how these are changing as Man’s relentless use of naturalresources continues and what effects these changes are having onthe Earth’s climate and the quality of the air we breath. Written by an international team of experts, this text gives anexcellent overview of our current understanding of the state of theEarth’s atmosphere and how it is changing. It is aninvaluable resource for students, teachers and professionals. Key features: End of chapter questions Each chapter includes both basic concepts and more in-depthmaterial, allowing faculty to direct students accordingly Most up-to-date treatment of key issues such as stratosphericchemistry, urban air pollution, and climate change

Download or read book Airborne VOC measurements on board the Zeppelin NT during the PEGASOS campaigns in 2012 deploying the improved Fast GC MSD System written by Jäger, Julia and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2014 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Simulation and Assessment of Chemical Processes in a Multiphase Environment written by Ian Barnes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-21 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reviews the current state of knowledge on the chemical and physical processes occurring in the environmental media (i) the atmosphere, (ii) the aqueous phase and (iii) soil and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the chemical mechanisms (both explicit and condensed) currently available to simulate the multimedia environmental chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter in these media. Contributions examine how well this knowledge has been incorporated into different types of CT models and appraise the current status and significant issues in the development and usage of the models. Model simulations of some real world chemical perturbations to the Earth system are presented which appraise the performance of the models in relation to "real world" observations. Serious caveats in our understanding of chemical processes and their simulation in the various compartments of the Earth system are highlighted and areas are identified that need urgent improvement, in particular with respect to environmental security.

Download or read book Tropospheric Chemistry written by W. Seiler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation, transport and impact of photo-oxidants, e.g., ozone, is a major environmental problem in densely populated areas with corresponding high emissions of ozone precursor substances such as NOx and volatile organic carbon compounds (VOC). Although major progress has been achieved within the last decade, there are still significant uncertainties in our understanding of the chemical behavior of the polluted atmosphere, in particular the interaction between cities and surrounding areas as well as the contribution of pollution to the global changes, e.g., the oxidation capacity of the troposphere. This book focuses on specific issues related to the chemistry of polluted atmospheres. The main issues cover areas such as modelling, emission inventories, chemical transformation as well as transport of pollutants on an urban/regional scale. The overall topic of the book is addressed in an interdisciplinary approach. The book is of specific interest for advanced researchers in tropospheric chemistry, from the PhD or post-doctoral levels and beyond.

Download or read book Atmospheric Reaction Chemistry written by Hajime Akimoto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed at graduate students and research scientists interested in gaining a deeper understanding of atmospheric chemistry, fundamental photochemistry, and gas phase and heterogeneous reaction kinetics. It also provides all necessary spectroscopic and kinetic data, which should be useful as reference sources for research scientists in atmospheric chemistry. As an application of reaction chemistry, it provides chapters on tropospheric and stratospheric reaction chemistry, covering tropospheric ozone and photochemical oxidant formation, stratospheric ozone depletion and sulfur chemistry related to acid deposition and the stratospheric aerosol layer. This book is intended not only for students of chemistry but also particularly for non-chemistry students who are studying meteorology, radiation physics, engineering, and ecology/biology and who wish to find a useful source on reaction chemistry.

Download or read book Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry written by Guy P. Brasseur and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used in atmospheric chemistry focuses on both theory and practice, from the fundamental principles behind models, through to their applications in interpreting observations. An encyclopaedic coverage of methods used in atmospheric modeling, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes this a one-stop resource with a large scope. Particular emphasis is given to the mathematical formulation of chemical, radiative, and aerosol processes; advection and turbulent transport; emission and deposition processes; as well as major chapters on model evaluation and inverse modeling. The modeling of atmospheric chemistry is an intrinsically interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together meteorology, radiative transfer, physical chemistry and biogeochemistry, making the book of value to a broad readership. Introductory chapters and a review of the relevant mathematics make this book instantly accessible to graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric sciences.

Download or read book Regional Climate Variability and its Impacts in the Mediterranean Area written by A. Mellouki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the findings and suggestions from a NATO workshop that examined regional climate variability and its impacts in the Mediterranean area, which was held in Marrakech, Morocco, November 2006. This NATO workshop was set up to discuss the issues facing the region in general and the influence of chemical emissions and transformation in particular.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry Third Edition written by Stanley E. Manahan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-03-05 with total page 1266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an expert, using the same approach that made the previous two editions so successful, Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry, Third Edition expands the scope of book to include the strongly emerging areas broadly described as sustainability science and technology, including green chemistry and industrial ecology. The new edition includes: Increased emphasis on the applied aspects of environmental chemistry Hot topics such as global warming and biomass energy Integration of green chemistry and sustainability concepts throughout the text More and updated questions and answers, including some that require Internet research Lecturers Pack on CD-ROM with solutions manual, PowerPoint presentations, and chapter figures available upon qualifying course adoptions The book provides a basic course in chemical science, including the fundamentals of organic chemistry and biochemistry. The author uses real-life examples from environmetnal chemistry, green chemistry, and related areas while maintaining brevity and simplicity in his explanation of concepts. Building on this foundation, the book covers environmental chemistry, broadly defined to include sustainability aspects, green chemistry, industrial ecology, and related areas. These chapters are organized around the five environmental spheres, the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, biosphere, and the anthrosphere. The last two chapters discuss analytical chemistry and its relevance to environmental chemistry. Manahan’s clear, concise, and readable style makes the information accessible, regardless of the readers’ level of chemistry knowledge. He demystifies the material for those who need the basics of chemical science for their trade, profession, or study curriculum, as well as for readers who want to have an understanding of the fundamentals of sustainable chemistry in its crucial role in maintaining a livable planet.