Download or read book Scattering Techniques Applied to Supramolecular and Nonequilibrium Systems written by Sow Hsin Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Advanced Study Institute was held at \-lellesley College, Wellesley, MA. , from 3 to 12 August 1980. It followed by four years the second "Capri ~,chool on Photon Correlation Spectroscopy". During the intervening period there had been many new applications of dynamic light scattering techniques to the study of systems whose properties depend either on collective molecular interactions or on the formation or activity of supramo1ecu1ar structures. Con sequently, emphasis at this conference was on light scattering studies of subjects such as dynamical correlations in dense polymer solutions, phase transitions in gels, spinodal decomposition of binary fluids, Benard instabilities in nonequilibrium fluids, the formation of micelles and phospholipid vesicles, and movements of the molecular assemblies of muscle tissue. The instructional pro gramme also included tutorial lectures on two complementary spec troscopic techniques which have benefited from dramatic advances in instrumentation, these being small angle X-ray (SAXS) and small angle neutron (SANS) scattering. Strong cold neutron and synchro tron X-ray sources have become available, and data now can be acquired rapidly with newly developed position-sensitive detectors. Several reviews of recent applications of SAXS and SANS were also provided. The organizers of the ASI hoped to provide a forum for theoreticians and experimentalists to assess advances in fields which, although related, were sufficiently different that a great deal of unfamiliar information could be communicated. The order ing of the papers in this volume closely approximates that of the talks presented at the Advanced Study Institute.

Download or read book Adler s Physiology of the Eye written by Leonard A Levin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drs. Paul L. Kaufman, Albert Alm, Leonard A Levin, Siv F. E. Nilsson, James Ver Hoeve, and Samuel Wu present the 11th Edition of the classic text Adler's Physiology of the Eye, updated to enhance your understanding of ocular function. This full-color, user-friendly edition captures the latest molecular, genetic, and biochemical discoveries and offers you unparalleled knowledge and insight into the physiology of the eye and its structures. A new organization by function, rather than anatomy, helps you make a stronger connection between physiological principles and clinical practice; and more than 1,000 great new full-color illustrations help clarify complex concepts. You can also access the complete contents online at www.expertconsult.com. Deepen your grasp of the physiological principles that underlie visual acuity, color vision, ocular circulation, the extraocular muscle, and much more. Improve your understanding of physiology by referring to this totally updated volume--organized by function, rather than anatomy--and make a stronger connection between physiological principles and clinical practice. Better visualize information with a new, revamped format that includes 1,000 illustrations presented in full-color to better clarify complex concepts and functions. Access the most recent molecular, genetic, and biochemical discoveries affecting eye function, and gain fresh perspectives from a new, international editorial team. Search the entire contents online and download all the illustrations at www.expertconsult.com.

Download or read book CMBEBIH 2017 written by Almir Badnjevic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering held from 16 to 18 March 2017 in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Focusing on the theme of ‘Pursuing innovation. Shaping the future’, it highlights the latest advancements in Biomedical Engineering and also presents the latest findings, innovative solutions and emerging challenges in this field. Topics include: - Biomedical Signal Processing - Biomedical Imaging and Image Processing - Biosensors and Bioinstrumentation - Bio-Micro/Nano Technologies - Biomaterials - Biomechanics, Robotics and Minimally Invasive Surgery - Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Endocrine Systems Engineering - Neural and Rehabilitation Engineering - Molecular, Cellular and Tissue Engineering - Bioinformatics and Computational Biology - Clinical Engineering and Health Technology Assessment - Health Informatics, E-Health and Telemedicine - Biomedical Engineering Education - Pharmaceutical Engineering

Download or read book The Laser Doppler Technique written by L. E. Drain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1980 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neural Control of Renal Function written by Ulla Kopp and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers reaching the renal vasculature, the tubules, the juxtaglomerular granular cells, and the renal pelvic wall. The renal sensory nerves are mainly found in the renal pelvic wall. Increases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity reduce renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion by activation of α1-adrenoceptors and increase renin secretion rate by activation of β1-adrenoceptors. In response to normal physiological stimulation, changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute importantly to homeostatic regulation of sodium and water balance. The renal mechanosensory nerves are activated by stretch of the renal pelvic tissue produced by increases in renal pelvic tissue of a magnitude that may occur during increased urine flow rate. Activation of the sensory nerves elicits an inhibitory renorenal reflex response consisting of decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity leading to natriuresis. Increasing efferent sympathetic nerve activity increases afferent renal nerve activity which, in turn, decreases efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by activation of the renorenal reflexes. Thus, activation of the afferent renal nerves buffers changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the overall goal of maintaining sodium balance. In pathological conditions of sodium retention, impairment of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes contributes to an inappropriately increased efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the presence of sodium retention. In states of renal disease or injury, there is a shift from inhibitory to excitatory reflexes originating in the kidney. Studies in essential hypertensive patients have shown that renal denervation results in long-term reduction in arterial pressure, suggesting an important role for the efferent and afferent renal nerves in hypertension. Table of Contents: Part I: Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Neural Control of Renal Hemodynamics / Neural Control of Renal Tubular Function / Neural Control of Renin Secretion Rate / Part II: Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Renorenal Reflexes / Mechanisms Involved in the Activation of Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Part III: Pathophysiological States / Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Conclusions / References

Download or read book Human Body Temperature written by Y. Houdas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiology of man is a complex subject. Unfortunately the regulation of temperature in the human body is not always well explained in textbooks. Many conference proceedings on the subject have been produced that give excellent detail on research topics. However, the subject matter is rarely presented as a composite whole. New technology has broadened the scope of methods available for studying body temperature. Thermography in particular has made it possible to record in real time the temperature distribution of large areas of the body surface. Modem image processing methods permit dynamic studies to be carried out and detailed analyses made retrospectively-a tremendous advance over the complex and slow techniques formerly used by physiologists. Yet although the associa tion between disease and temperature is as old as medicine itself, beyond the implicit faith in the clinical mercury thermometer, other measuring techniques are finding a slow acceptance. This book is designed to put into perspective the critical factors that make up "body temperature. " Body temperature cannot be viewed as a static entity but rather must be seen as a dynamic process. An understanding of this phenomenon is important to all who use thermal imaging and measuring techniques in clinical medi cine. These methods have, in recent years, brought engineers, physi cists, technicians, and clinicians together. Inevitably, however, there v vi Preface are gaps and overlaps in technology and understanding.

Download or read book Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine 2 written by Michael R. Pinsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two previous editions of Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine proved extremely successful, and the book has now been revised and split into two volumes to enhance ease of use. In this second volume some of the most renowned experts in the field offer detailed reviews on measurement techniques and physiological processes of crucial importance in intensive care medicine. Throughout, a key aim is to help overcome the fundamental unevenness in clinicians’ understanding of applied physiology, which can lead to suboptimal treatment decisions. Applied Physiology in Intensive Care has been written by some of the most renowned experts in the field and provides an up-to-date compendium of practical bedside knowledge essential to the effective delivery of acute care medicine. It will serve the clinician as an invaluable reference source on key issues regularly confronted in everyday practice.

Download or read book Lasers in Endodontics written by Giovanni Olivi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers up-to-date information on all aspects of the use of lasers in endodontics, focusing especially on the various laser applications, including primary and permanent root canal therapies, retreatments, apical surgery and pulp therapy. Every laser technique used in endodontics is carefully described and illustrated, with detailed coverage of both conventional methods and more recent developments such as laser-activated irrigation and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming. In addition, a separate section addresses the basic science of laser dentistry, explaining the physics, describing laser–tissue interactions, and discussing different types of laser. Extensive reference is made to the international literature in order to provide the reader with a clear, evidence-based understanding of the merits of various approaches. In offering a balanced mix of descriptions of clinical applications, clinical data, scientific research and logical criticism, the book will serve as an excellent reference for a wide audience comprising general dentists as well as specialists.

Download or read book Textbook of Aging Skin written by Miranda A. Farage and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 1255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive ‘Major Reference Book’ compiles all current and latest information on aging skin in a two-volume set. Highly structured with a reader-friendly format, it covers a wide range of areas such as basic sciences, the different diseases and conditions which occur with aging (from malignant to non-malignant), the latest techniques and methods being used such as bioengineering methods and biometrics as well as toxicological and safety considerations for the elderly population. It also illustrates the global consumers’ sociological and psychological implications, ethnicity and gender differences and includes marketing considerations for this elderly group. This unique and comprehensive guide will become the main reference textbook on this topic.

Download or read book Photoplethysmography written by Panicos A. Kyriacou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-03 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoplethysmography: Technology, Signal Analysis, and Applications is the first comprehensive volume on the theory, principles, and technology (sensors and electronics) of photoplethysmography (PPG). It provides a detailed description of the current state-of-the-art technologies/optical components enabling the extreme miniaturization of such sensors, as well as comprehensive coverage of PPG signal analysis techniques including machine learning and artificial intelligence. The book also outlines the huge range of PPG applications in healthcare, with a strong focus on the contribution of PPG in wearable sensors and PPG for cardiovascular assessment. - Presents the underlying principles and technology surrounding PPG - Includes applications for healthcare and wellbeing - Focuses on PPG in wearable sensors and devices - Presents advanced signal analysis techniques - Includes cutting-edge research, applications and future directions

Download or read book Maternal Hemodynamics written by Christoph Lees and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover new concepts in cardiovascular and hemodynamic functionality in feto-maternal medicine, from leading experts in the field.

Download or read book Snapshots of Hemodynamics written by Nico Westerhof and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-12 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hemodynamics makes it possible to characterize in a quantitative way, the function of the heart and arterial system, thereby producing information about what genetic and molecular processes are of importance for cardiovascular function. Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education by Nico Westerhof, Nikos Stergiopulos and Mark I. M. Noble is a quick reference guide designed to help basic and clinical researchers as well as graduate students to understand hemodynamics. The layout of the book provides short and independent chapters that provide teaching diagrams as well as clear descriptions of the essentials of basic and applied principles of hemodynamics. References are provided at the end of each chapter for further reading and reference.

Download or read book Microcirculation Revisited written by Helena Lenasi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a comprehensive overview of selected topics in microcirculation, from physiology to pathophysiology including molecular mechanisms and clinical aspects. It contains 10 chapters written by reputed authors, which comprehensively sum up the current knowledge and some interesting new insights in the field of microcirculation. It will be useful to a broad range of audience, from students to highly profiled experts, helping them to expand their knowledge on microcirculation and opening up additional questions for further investigation.

Download or read book Biophotonics for Medical Applications written by Igor Meglinski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biophotonics for Medical Applications presents information on the interface between laser optics and cell biology/medicine. The book discusses the development and application of photonic techniques that aid the diagnosis and therapeutics of biological tissues in both healthy and diseased states. Chapters cover the fundamental technologies used in biophotonics and a wide range of therapeutic and diagnostic applications. - Presents information on the interface between laser optics and cell biology/medicine - Discusses the development and application of photonic techniques which aid the diagnosis and therapeutics of biological tissues in both healthy and diseased states - Presents the fundamental technologies used in biophotonics and a wide range of therapeutic and diagnostic applications

Download or read book Studies on Polarised Light Spectroscopy written by Max Bergkvist and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis project focuses on measurements of dermal microcirculation during vascular provocations with polarised light spectroscopy. This is done with a non-invasive method commercially available as Tissue viability imaging (TiVi) which measures concentration and oxygenation of red blood cells in the papillary dermis. Three studies were done with human subjects and one with an animal model, to validate and compare the TiVi technique with laser Doppler flowmetry, which is an established method of measuring dermal microcirculation. The TiVi consists of a digital camera with polarisation filters in front of the flash and lens, with software for analysis of the picture. When taking a picture with the TiVi, the polarised light that is reflected on the skin surface is absorbed by the second filter over the lens (which is perpendicular to the first filter) but a portion of light penetrates the surface of the skin and is scattered when it is reflected on tissue components. This makes the light depolarised, passes the second filter, and produces a picture for analysis. The red blood cell (RBC) has a distinct absorption pattern that differs between red and green colour compared to melanin and other components of tissue. This difference is used by the software that calculates differences in each picture element and produces a measure of output which is proportional to the concentration of red blood cells. The oxygenation of RBC can also be calculated, as there is a difference in absorption depending on oxygen state. The first paper takes up possible sources of error such as ambient light, and the angle and distance of the camera. The main experiment was to investigate how the local heating reaction is detected with TiVi compared to LDF. In the second paper arterial and venous stasis are examined in healthy subjects with TiVi. The Third paper is an animal study where skin flaps were raised on pigs, and the vascular pedicle is isolated to enable control of inflow and outflow of blood.The measurements were made during partial venous, total venous, and total arterial occlusion. The TiVi recorded changes in the concentration of RBC, oxygenation and heterogeneity and the results were compared with those of laser Doppler flowmetry. In the fourth paper oxygenation and deoxygenation of RBC: s was studied. Studies were made on the forearms of healthy subjects who were exposed to arterial and venous occlusion. Simultaneous measurements were made with TiVi and Enhanced perfusion and oxygen saturation or EPOS, which is a new device that combines laser Doppler flowmetry and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in one probe. With TiVi, one can measure RBC concentration and oxygenation in the area of an entire picture or in one or multiple user defined regions of interest (ROI). Methods such as laser Doppler flowmetry makes single point measurements, which is a potential source of error both because of the heterogeneity of the microcirculation, and that the circulation be insufficient in the margins of the investigated area. TiVi has been able to measure venous stasis more accurately than laser Doppler flowmetry, and venous stasis is the more common reason for flaps to fail. The TiVi is an accurate way to measure the concentration of RBC and trends in oxygenation of the dermal microcirculation. It has interesting possible applications for microvascular and dermatological research, monitoring of flaps, and diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease. Future clinical studies are needed as well as development of the user interface.

Download or read book Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction written by Filippo Crea and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past two decades a number of studies have shown that abnormalities in the function and structure of coronary microcirculation can be detected in several cardiovascular diseases. On the basis of the clinical setting in which it occurs, coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) can be classified into four types: CMD in the absence of any other cardiac disease; CMD in myocardial diseases; CMD in obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease; and iatrogenic CMD. In some instances CMD represents an epiphenomenon, whereas in others it represents an important marker of risk or may contribute to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia, thus becoming a possible therapeutic target. This book provides an update on coronary physiology and a systematic assessment of microvascular abnormalities in cardiovascular diseases, in the hope that it will assist clinicians in prevention, detection and management of CMD in their everyday activity.

Download or read book A Clinical Guide to Dental Traumatology E Book written by Louis H. Berman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-09-25 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical, highly illustrated book describes the treatment and management of commonly encountered traumatic injuries to the teeth. It relates these types of trauma to crown fractures, root fractures, luxation injuries, and exarticulations. A step-by-step reference, this book also discusses complications that may involve surrounding soft and hard tissues, plus those that may arise in managing medically compromised patients. - Hundreds of full-color photographs and illustrations show concepts and depict case studies and treatment outcomes. - Step-by-step descriptions of treatment plans offer "recipes" for treating patients according to type of injury. - For each type of traumatic injury, you'll learn these key steps: - How to perform a correct initial assessment of the problem. - How to determine whether the patient suffers any related problems. - How to record the injury and its subsequent treatment in the patient record. - How to avoid future problems by ensuring that the entire tooth is treated — including any hidden injury to the pulp or dentin. - Information on etiology and epidemiology of problems promotes more effective treatment of specific injuries and conditions. - The Law and Dental Trauma chapter explains legal issues unique to treating dental injuries under emergency conditions. - Psychological Impact of Injuries chapter describes the reactions that trauma patients may have, and how dentists can improve treatment by providing the patient with emotional support and holistic management. - Chapters on hard tissue injuries focus on injuries to tooth/hard tissue anatomy — and one chapter examines soft tissue management — discussing types of trauma and their effects on surrounding oral tissues. - Introductory chapter provides an overview of topics discussed in the book. - Hundreds of references are listed alphabetically at the end of each chapter with research studies and current articles for further research. - An interdisciplinary approach includes periodontal, endodontic, and pediatric considerations for specific types of injuries.