Download or read book The Initiation of Solid Explosives by Flame and Shock written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library Vol 5 written by Blaine Asay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los Alamos National Laboratory is an incredible place. It was conceived and born amidst the most desperate of circumstances. It attracted some of the most brilliant minds, the most innovative entrepreneurs, and the most c- ative tinkerers of that generation. Out of that milieu emerged physics and engineering that beforehand was either unimagined, or thought to be f- tasy. One of the ?elds essentially invented during those years was the science of precision high explosives. Before 1942, explosives were used in munitions and commercial pursuits that demanded proper chemistry and con?nement for the necessary e?ect, but little else. The needs and requirements of the Manhattan project were of a much more precise and speci?c nature. Spatial and temporal speci?cations were reduced from centimeters and milliseconds to micrometers and nanoseconds. New theory and computational tools were required along with a raft of new experimental techniques and novel ways of interpreting the results. Over the next 40 years, the emphasis was on higher energy in smaller packages, more precise initiation schemes, better and safer formulations, and greater accuracy in forecasting performance. Researchers from many institutions began working in the emerging and expanding ?eld. In the midst of all of the work and progress in precision initiation and scienti?c study, in the early 1960s, papers began to appear detailing the ?rst quantitative studies of the transition from de?agration to detonation (DDT), ?rst in cast, then in pressed explosives, and ?nally in propellants.
Download or read book Initiation of Solid Explosives by Impact written by German Tikhonovich Afanasʹev and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computer Simulation of the Shock Initiation of Detonation in Solid Explosives written by H. H. Schaafstal and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS ON THE SHOCK INITIATION OF SOLID EXPLOSIVES written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical calculations describing the initiation in heterogeneous TNT, RDX, Tetryl, Comp B, Pentolite, and 75/25 Cyclotol, produced by shocks up to 37 kilobars, are given. The hot spot initiation mechanism is simulated by using appropriate equations of state of the explosives and the resultant growth from shock to detonation wave is shown to be in qualitative agreement with experimental results. The shock wave in the explosive travels with increasing velocity due to the release of energy during chemical reaction in the neighborhood of the shock front, and then takes on a constant value upon reaching full detonation velocity. Numerical experiments show that the qualitative ordering of the sensitivity of the 6 explosives, based on one- dimensional gap test calculations, is the same as that obtained from U.S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory experimental gap tests.
Download or read book Initiation and Growth of Explosion in Liquids and Solids written by Frank Philip Bowden and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1985-10-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the research of Bowden, Yoffe and their collaborators on explosive initiation. What Bowden and Yoffe showed was that explosives are ignited almost invariably by thermal processes and though other processes have been identified their work still holds.
Download or read book Molecular Level Modeling of the Mechanism of Shock Initiation of Solid Explosives written by F. J. Owens and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work represents an attempt to consider on a fundamental level how shock or impact can cause chemical reactions in certain solids in order to gain insight into the factors which determine sensitivity to explosion.
Download or read book The Ignition of Fire Damp by Explosives written by Wilfred Charles Furness Shepherd and published by . This book was released on 1932 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ignition Sources written by K. Ramamurthi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the different energy sources bringing about fires, explosions, and detonations in combustibles under different levels of confinement. Focus is on the initiation source for a combustible whether it is a gas, a liquid, or a solid in a given state of confinement. Incidents of oxygen-related fires in hospitals which were particularly evident with increased usage of oxygen therapy for the extremely ill COVID-19 patients in 2021 are discussed with details of formation, accumulation, and dissipation of charges and their discharges leading to fires and explosions. Sympathetic detonations, BLEVE explosions, cook-off tests of combustibles, the inadvertent ignition sources (threats), and their control are discussed. Sporadic Ignition of wildfires in a heat dome augmented by the reflection of expansion disturbances from the interfaces separating media of different acoustic impedances are explored. Spontaneous human combustion, pilot ignition, shock wave ignition, ignition of fuel droplets and conditions under which fires, explosions, and detonations take place are discussed. Different ways of mitigating the inadvertent initiation of explosions and detonations are given at the end.
Download or read book Projectile Impact Initiation of Condensed Explosives written by Milton L. Weiss and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Studies of the Mechanism of Shock Initiation of Solid Explosives written by F. J. Owens and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Important understanding has been gained about the process of shock induced exothermic reactions in solid explosives. The initial step in the process has been shown to involve a breaking of intra molecular bonds or an altering of the bonds of the explosive molecules which make up the lattice of the material and a production of trapped radicals. These trapped radicals are likely candidates for the secondary reactions. It is also shown that this bond breaking is accompanied by considerable permanent distortion in the lattice.
Download or read book Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library Vol 5 written by Blaine Asay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-05-04 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los Alamos National Laboratory is an incredible place. It was conceived and born amidst the most desperate of circumstances. It attracted some of the most brilliant minds, the most innovative entrepreneurs, and the most c- ative tinkerers of that generation. Out of that milieu emerged physics and engineering that beforehand was either unimagined, or thought to be f- tasy. One of the ?elds essentially invented during those years was the science of precision high explosives. Before 1942, explosives were used in munitions and commercial pursuits that demanded proper chemistry and con?nement for the necessary e?ect, but little else. The needs and requirements of the Manhattan project were of a much more precise and speci?c nature. Spatial and temporal speci?cations were reduced from centimeters and milliseconds to micrometers and nanoseconds. New theory and computational tools were required along with a raft of new experimental techniques and novel ways of interpreting the results. Over the next 40 years, the emphasis was on higher energy in smaller packages, more precise initiation schemes, better and safer formulations, and greater accuracy in forecasting performance. Researchers from many institutions began working in the emerging and expanding ?eld. In the midst of all of the work and progress in precision initiation and scienti?c study, in the early 1960s, papers began to appear detailing the ?rst quantitative studies of the transition from de?agration to detonation (DDT), ?rst in cast, then in pressed explosives, and ?nally in propellants.
Download or read book Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library Vol 5 written by Blaine Asay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-02-05 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los Alamos National Laboratory is an incredible place. It was conceived and born amidst the most desperate of circumstances. It attracted some of the most brilliant minds, the most innovative entrepreneurs, and the most c- ative tinkerers of that generation. Out of that milieu emerged physics and engineering that beforehand was either unimagined, or thought to be f- tasy. One of the ?elds essentially invented during those years was the science of precision high explosives. Before 1942, explosives were used in munitions and commercial pursuits that demanded proper chemistry and con?nement for the necessary e?ect, but little else. The needs and requirements of the Manhattan project were of a much more precise and speci?c nature. Spatial and temporal speci?cations were reduced from centimeters and milliseconds to micrometers and nanoseconds. New theory and computational tools were required along with a raft of new experimental techniques and novel ways of interpreting the results. Over the next 40 years, the emphasis was on higher energy in smaller packages, more precise initiation schemes, better and safer formulations, and greater accuracy in forecasting performance. Researchers from many institutions began working in the emerging and expanding ?eld. In the midst of all of the work and progress in precision initiation and scienti?c study, in the early 1960s, papers began to appear detailing the ?rst quantitative studies of the transition from de?agration to detonation (DDT), ?rst in cast, then in pressed explosives, and ?nally in propellants.
Download or read book Initiation of Solid Explosives by Impact written by German Tikhonovich Afanas'ev and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Initiation of Solid Explosives by Impact written by G. T. Afanas'ev and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Shock to detonation Transition in Solid Explosives written by S. J. Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments on the initiation of detonation in cast and pressed explosives, subjected to plane shocks introduced at a plane surface, are discussed. Shock amplitudes ranging from 28 to 140 kilobars in the explosive were generated by using plane wave lenses with various combinations of donor explosive and barrier composition and geometry. The shock velocity was obtained in each sample as a function of distance of travel into the wedge-shaped specimen from distance time records obtained with a smear camera. The resulting curves for cast explosives are found to be quite different from those for pressed explosives. Cast TNT exhibited a result anomalous to the other cast charges. The observations are interpreted as showing evidence that hot-spots must be present behind the shock to explain the rapidity with which the detonation is established. Sources of hot-spot formation are suggested. The results obtained at the lower shock amplitudes when compared to results on the gap test lend support to the idea that peak pressure and pressure history in the shocked elements of explosive are far more important than wave shape in determining the time for transition to detonation.
