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Book Two Cultivars of Sorghum Bicolor in Relation of Striga Hermonthia

Download or read book Two Cultivars of Sorghum Bicolor in Relation of Striga Hermonthia written by B. Remerij and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some Striga spp. behave like parasitic weeds, which can be very damaging for the host plant. The most common hosts for Striga are sorghum, millet, maize, rice and cowpea. Striga is found in tropical environments, mostly semi-arid areas. Due to the growing demand for food and the shortage of good arable land, the problem of Striga increases. Striga is a hemi-parasite, which attaches itself to the roots of the host plant and withdraws water, assimilates and minerals from it. However, the problem is not only this extraction, the reduction in growth is bigger than can be explained by this. Striga has a "toxic effect" on the host plant; it interferes with the water-balance and with the photosynthesis of the host. To find a solution for the problem of Striga, much research is still to be done. This research has two sides; on the one hand research is done on Striga itself, to find a way to combat it. On the other side, research is done on the host plants, to find a way of decreasing the reduction in growth of the host plant. The research described in this report is focussed on the latter. A very important event in the life cycle of Striga is, of course, the attachment of Striga on the host. One of the hosts Striga attacks is sorghum. It is known that there are cultivars of sorghum that are more 'tolerant' to the attack of Striga than other varieties. The effects of Striga on these cultivars are rather small. To understand and reduce the problem of Striga, we want to know what mechanism(s) cause(s) that tolerance. In this report, two experiments are described. In the first experiment the development of the sensitive and the tolerant host plant, both attacked by Striga, was compared. The aim of the research was to find out whether the moment of infection can (partly) explain Striga tolerance of the sorghum cultivar Tiemarifing. In order to do that, the moment of infection was manipulated artificially: sorghum plants were 'infected' with preconditioned Striga seeds at the day of sowing of sorghum and one, two and three weeks later. The Striga sensitive sorghum plants that were 'infected' earlier, appeared to develop very slowly and biomass production was low. For all4 different moments of infection, biomass production was much lower than that of the uninfected plants. Plants with Striga application at a later moment showed a better growth. The grain production of plants infected in the first two weeks after sowing was very low, plants infected after three weeks showed a better grain yield. Striga tolerant plants did not show this effect; there was no significant difference in growth between plants not infected and those infected at the different moments. Striga plants that grew on the sensitive host produced more biomass than Striga on the tolerant host plant. The later the moment of application of Striga seeds, the faster the development of Striga plants. Striga that came into contact with a host plant seemed to 'compensate for' the delay; a lot of Striga plants developed and emerged. However, biomass production of Striga was lower, with a later infection moment. In the second experiment morphology of the root systems of the two cultivars of sorghum, tolerant and sensitive, was studied. The assumption was that there would be a difference in morphology, which was (partly) responsible for the observed difference in time of attachment of both cultivars. A significant difference in root morphology was observed between the root system of a Striga tolerant and that of a sensitive sorghum plant. The sensitive plant started to produce a main root first, which grew in deep layers of the soil, while the root system of the tolerant cultivar immediately started to branch in the upper layers of the soil. The sensitive cultivar showed a strong reaction on infection with Striga: plants started to produce a lot of roots in the upper layers of the soil.

Book Striga Hermonthica Seed Bank Dynamics

Download or read book Striga Hermonthica Seed Bank Dynamics written by Thomas A. van Mourik and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Parasitic Plants in African Agriculture

Download or read book Parasitic Plants in African Agriculture written by Lytton John Musselman and published by CABI. This book was released on 2023-11-09 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasitic Plants in African Agriculture brings together for the first time in a single volume, the ecology, biology, damage, and control of all groups of African parasitic plants including both the relatively few parasites introduced to the continent as well as those native parasites that have spread from within Africa. The book covers the well-known witchweeds and broomrapes but also groups and species that have received less attention including mistletoes, dodders, rice vampire weed, and other species posing threats. This book will be a valuable reference for students, researchers, extension workers, development officers, national agriculture researchers, plant pathologists, food security specialists, weed scientists, agronomists and botanists.

Book Moving People

Download or read book Moving People written by Aad Kessler and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Cropping Systems Land Tenure and Social Diversity in Wenchi Ghana

Download or read book Cropping Systems Land Tenure and Social Diversity in Wenchi Ghana written by Samuel Adjei-Nsiah and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: However, there is still considerable scope for further development of these self-organised innovations.

Book Integrating New Technologies for Striga Control

Download or read book Integrating New Technologies for Striga Control written by Gebisa Ejeta and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Witchweeds (Striga species) decimate agriculture in much of Africa and parts of Asia, attacking the major cereal grains and legumes, and halving the already very low yields of subsistence farmers. Several years of research have provided promising technologies, based on the fundamental biology of the parasite?host associations, for dealing with this scourge. However, there is an apparent realization that these technologies will fail because highly successful weeds such as Striga evolve resistance to all types of controls unless proven methods are integrated with each other for a more sustainable solution.Integration is often an anathema to basic scientists who typically deal with single variables and solutions. However, key leaders in the development of the new knowledge-based control strategies, already in the field and under development, recently joined forces to develop strategies and projects in order to integrate the technologies in a symposium in Ethiopia in November 2006. The encouraging results are described in this peer-reviewed book, authored by leaders in the field who have been supplying the basic biology, genetics, biochemistry, and molecular information that have offered insights and generated technologies in how to deal with Striga.

Book Socio economic Agronomic and Molecular Analysis of Yam and Cowpea Diversity in the Guinea Sudan Transition Zone of Benin

Download or read book Socio economic Agronomic and Molecular Analysis of Yam and Cowpea Diversity in the Guinea Sudan Transition Zone of Benin written by Afio Zannou and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book From a Technology Focus to Innovation Development

Download or read book From a Technology Focus to Innovation Development written by Emmanuel Dormon and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Agriculture Resource Management and Institutions

Download or read book Agriculture Resource Management and Institutions written by Girmay Tesfay and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: .

Book Participatory Development of Weed Management Technologies in Benin

Download or read book Participatory Development of Weed Management Technologies in Benin written by Pierre Vinassého Vissoh and published by . This book was released on 2006* with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: permanent land use, weeds, indigenous knowledge, integrated crop and soil management, participatory learning, co-research.

Book Capsid Control for Organic Cocoa in Ghana

Download or read book Capsid Control for Organic Cocoa in Ghana written by Godwin Kojo Ayenor and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: