Download or read book The Influence of Alloy Composition on Irradiation induced Grain Boundary Segregation in Austenitic Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiation induced Segregation and the Relationship to Physical Properties in Irradiated Austenitic Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation-induced changes in composition are studied because these changes can degrade failure of materials irradiated in nuclear reactors. In this work, the effect of alloy composition on radiation-induced segregation, hardening, and void swelling is presented. Five alloys, Fe-18Cr-8Ni, Fe-16Cr-13Ni, Fe-18Cr-40Ni, Fe-16Cr-13Ni+Mo, and Fe-16Cr-13Ni+Mo+P (all compositions in wt. %), were irradiated with 3.2 MeV protons at 400 C to a dose of 0.5 displacements per atom. The change in grain boundary composition was measured using field emission gun scanning transmission electron microscopy and the hardening was measured using Vickers indentation. Void swelling is calculated from the void size distribution measured using transmission electron microscopy. After irradiation, Cr depletes and Ni enriches at grain boundaries. Increasing bulk Ni concentration causes greater Cr depletion and Ni enrichment at grain boundaries. For alloys with 16 Cr, the addition of P reduces the Cr depletion and Ni enrichment. Hardening does not directly correlate with composition, but a framework for isolating the effect of hardening and segregation on cracking is suggested. The amount of void swelling in the irradiated material is shown to correspond inversely with segregation. Those alloys with greater segregation tend to swell less.
Download or read book Modeling the Effect of Irradiation and Post irradiation Annealing on Grain Boundary Composition in Austenitic Fe Cr Ni Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many irradiation effects in Fe-Cr-Ni alloys such as radiation-induced segregation, radiation-enhanced diffusion, and void swelling are known to vary with bulk alloy composition. The development of microstructural and microchemical changes during irradiation and during post-irradiation annealing is determined by the rate of diffusion of point defects and alloying elements. To accurately predict the changes in grain boundary chemistry due to radiation-induced segregation and post-irradiation annealing, the composition dependence of diffusion parameters, such as the migration energy, must be known. A model has been developed which calculates migration diffusivity. The advantages of this calculational method are that a single set of input parameters can be used for a wide range of bulk alloy compositions, and the effects of local order can easily be incorporated into the calculations. A description of the model is presented, and model calculations are compared to segregation measurements from seven different iron-chromium-nickel alloys, irradiated with protons to doses from 0.1 to 3.0 dpa at temperatures between 200 C and 600 C. Results show that segregation trends can be modeled using a single set of input parameters with the difference between model calculation and measurement being less than 5 at%, but usually less than 2 at%. Additionally, model predictions are compared to grain boundary composition measurements of neutron irradiated 304 stainless steel following annealing. For the limited annealing data available, model calculations correctly predict the magnitude and time scale for recovery of the grain boundary composition.
Download or read book Modeling of Radiation induced Segregation in Austenitic Fe Cr Ni Alloys written by Todd Randall Allen and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influence of Oversized Solute Additions on Radiation Induced Microstructure and Microchemistry in Austenitic Stainless Steel written by GS. Was and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversized solute additions (0.3 at% of either Pt or Hf) were found to have a significant effect on microstructural and microchemical evolution in ultra high-purity 316 stainless steel model alloys after proton irradiations at 400°C to nominal doses of 2.5 and 5 dpa. The radiation-induced microstructure of the 316SS base alloy consisted of voids and faulted Frank loops at both dose levels. Platinum addition enhanced void nucleation and increased the loop density and the mean loop diameter. Hafnium addition to 316SS delayed void formation, decreased the mean loop diameter and increased loop density. Grain boundary composition was measured using analytical transmission electron microscopy. Strong radiation-induced grain boundary Cr depletion and Ni enrichment was found in the 316SS base alloy, while oversized element additions reduced segregation levels at low dose. The Pt-doped alloy showed only minor radiation-induced changes in grain boundary composition and no evidence of segregation was observed in the Hf-doped alloy at 2.5 dpa, however, increasing dose resulted in significant radiation-induced segregation in the Hf-doped alloy.
Download or read book Ninth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems written by Steve Bruemmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 1776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents an exchange of ideas among scientists and engineers about the economic and safety concerns surrounding environmentally induced materials problems which lead to nuclear power plant outages. Scientists and engineers concerned with the environmental degradation processes (corrosion, mechanical, and radiation effects) present their latest results on such topics as life extension/relicensing and materials problems associated with spent fuel storage and radioactive waste disposal. This collection will be of interest to utility engineers, reactor vendor engineers, plant architect engineers, researchers concerned with materials degradation, and consultants involved in design, construction, and operation of water reactors.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by Gary S. Was and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-16 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an eye-opening treatise on the fundamentals of the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. When energetic particles strike a solid, numerous processes occur that can change the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Metals and alloys represent an important class of materials that are subject to intense radiation fields. Radiation causes metals and alloys to swell, distort, blister, harden, soften and deform. This textbook and reference covers the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by GARY S. WAS and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this established text offers readers a significantly expanded introduction to the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. It describes the various processes that occur when energetic particles strike a solid, inducing changes to the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Specifically it covers particle interaction with the metals and alloys used in nuclear reactor cores and hence subject to intense radiation fields. It describes the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys. Updated throughout, some major enhancements for the new edition include improved treatment of low- and intermediate-energy elastic collisions and stopping power, expanded sections on molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte Carlo methodologies describing collision cascade evolution, new treatment of the multi-frequency model of diffusion, numerous examples of RIS in austenitic and ferritic-martensitic alloys, expanded treatment of in-cascade defect clustering, cluster evolution, and cluster mobility, new discussion of void behavior near grain boundaries, a new section on ion beam assisted deposition, and reorganization of hardening, creep and fracture of irradiated materials (Chaps 12-14) to provide a smoother and more integrated transition between the topics. The book also contains two new chapters. Chapter 15 focuses on the fundamentals of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, covering forms of corrosion, corrosion thermodynamics, corrosion kinetics, polarization theory, passivity, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Chapter 16 extends this treatment and considers the effects of irradiation on corrosion and environmentally assisted corrosion, including the effects of irradiation on water chemistry and the mechanisms of irradiation-induced stress corrosion cracking. The book maintains the previous style, concepts are developed systematically and quantitatively, supported by worked examples, references for further reading and end-of-chapter problem sets. Aimed primarily at students of materials sciences and nuclear engineering, the book will also provide a valuable resource for academic and industrial research professionals. Reviews of the first edition: "...nomenclature, problems and separate bibliography at the end of each chapter allow to the reader to reach a straightforward understanding of the subject, part by part. ... this book is very pleasant to read, well documented and can be seen as a very good introduction to the effects of irradiation on matter, or as a good references compilation for experimented readers." - Pauly Nicolas, Physicalia Magazine, Vol. 30 (1), 2008 “The text provides enough fundamental material to explain the science and theory behind radiation effects in solids, but is also written at a high enough level to be useful for professional scientists. Its organization suits a graduate level materials or nuclear science course... the text was written by a noted expert and active researcher in the field of radiation effects in metals, the selection and organization of the material is excellent... may well become a necessary reference for graduate students and researchers in radiation materials science.” - L.M. Dougherty, 07/11/2008, JOM, the Member Journal of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.
Download or read book Ah vous ne voulez pas rendre vos comptes written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Bulk Composition on Swelling and Radiation induced Segregation in Austenitic Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Arvind S. Kumar and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1994 with total page 1319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Grain Boundary Segregation in Metals written by Pavel Lejcek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grain boundaries are important structural components of polycrystalline materials used in the vast majority of technical applications. Because grain boundaries form a continuous network throughout such materials, their properties may limit their practical use. One of the serious phenomena which evoke these limitations is the grain boundary segregation of impurities. It results in the loss of grain boundary cohesion and consequently, in brittle fracture of the materials. The current book deals with fundamentals of grain boundary segregation in metallic materials and its relationship to the grain boundary structure, classification and other materials properties.
Download or read book Radiation induced Grain Boundary Segregation in Dilute Alloys written by Shenhua Song and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-03 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys written by Piotr Budzyński and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-07-31 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the interaction between ions and metallic targets as well as energy loss processes during ion implantation and irradiation. Ion bombardments of targets cause changes in surface layer chemical composition, radiation defect formation, sputtering, blistering, swelling and ion mixing. These effects modify surface topography, crystalline structure, electrical and tribological properties of metals and alloys. The book presents research on the effects of the implantation and irradiation on the friction and wear of modified materials, as well as practical applications of ion implantation and irradiation. It offers a review of current problems related to the modification of materials via irradiation. In addition, computer programs for modeling the depth of ions and vacancies in a sample are presented, and potential causes of disagreement between modeling and experimental results are described. Finally, the book provides evidence of the long-range effect. Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys is aimed at academics investigating the properties of metals and alloys after irradiation and/or implantation as well as for students of engineering and physical and chemical sciences. The book is also useful for those looking for up-to-date information on these methods and ways of solving related problems, and for designers of equipment used in places exposed to high ion irradiation or to cosmic space.
