Download or read book The Impact of Passive Safety Systems on Desirability of Advanced Light Water Reactors written by Ryan C. Eul and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work investigates whether the advanced light water reactor designs with passive safety systems are more desirable than advanced reactor designs with active safety systems from the point of view of uncertainty in the performance of safety systems as well as the economic implications of the passive safety systems. Two advanced pressurized water reactors and two advanced boiling water reactors, one representing passive reactors and the other active reactors for each type of coolant, are compared in terms of operation and responses to accidents as reported by the vendors. Considering a simplified decay heat removal system that utilizes an isolation condenser for decay heat removal, the uncertainty in the main parameters affecting the system performance upon a reactor isolation accident is characterized when the system is to rely on natural convection and when it is to rely on a pump to remove the core heat. It is found that the passive system is less certain in its performance if the pump of the active system is tested at least once every five months. In addition, a cost model is used to evaluate the economic differences and benefits between the active and passive reactors. It is found that while the passive systems could have the benefit of fewer components to inspect and maintain during operation, they do suffer from a larger uncertainty about the time that would be required for their licensing due to more limited data on the reliability of their operation. Finally, a survey among nuclear energy experts with a variety of affiliations was conducted to determine the current professional attitude towards these two competing nuclear design options. The results of the survey show that reactors with passive safety systems are more desirable among the surveyed expert groups. The perceived advantages of passive systems are an increase in plant safety with a decrease in cost.
Download or read book Contribution to the development of passive safety systems for advanced light water reactors written by Lluís Batet Miracle and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Light Water Reactor Safety written by B. Pershagen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the principles and practices of reactor safety as applied to the design, regulation and operation of light water reactors, combining a historical approach with an up-to-date account of the safety, technology and operating experience of both pressurized water reactors and boiling water reactors. The introductory chapters set out the basic facts upon which the safety of light water reactors depend. The central section is devoted to the methods and results of safety analysis. The accidents at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl are reviewed and their implications for light water reactor safety are discussed. The concluding chapters examine selected safety issues and their resolution, and highlight results of reactor safety research. The book is amply illustrated, with numerous cross references and a comprehensive index.
Download or read book Issues Affecting Advanced Passive Light water Reactor Safety Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next generation commercial reactor designs emphasize enhanced safety through improved safety system reliability and performance by means of system simplification and reliance on immutable natural forces for system operation. Simulating the performance of these safety systems will be central to analytical safety evaluation of advanced passive reactor designs. Yet the characteristically small driving forces of these safety systems pose challenging computational problems to current thermal-hydraulic systems analysis codes. Additionally, the safety systems generally interact closely with one another, requiring accurate, integrated simulation of the nuclear steam supply system, engineered safeguards and containment. Furthermore, numerical safety analysis of these advanced passive reactor designs wig necessitate simulation of long-duration, slowly-developing transients compared with current reactor designs. The composite effects of small computational inaccuracies on induced system interactions and perturbations over long periods may well lead to predicted results which are significantly different than would otherwise be expected or might actually occur. Comparisons between the engineered safety features of competing US advanced light water reactor designs and analogous present day reactor designs are examined relative to the adequacy of existing thermal-hydraulic safety codes in predicting the mechanisms of passive safety. Areas where existing codes might require modification, extension or assessment relative to passive safety designs are identified. Conclusions concerning the applicability of these codes to advanced passive light water reactor safety analysis are presented.
Download or read book Study of Cost Effective Large Advanced Pressurized Water Reactors that Employ Passive Safety Features written by Y. Hayashi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report of DOE sponsored portions of AP1000 Design Certification effort. On December 16, 1999, The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission issued Design Certification of the AP600 standard nuclear reactor design. This culminated an 8-year review of the AP600 design, safety analysis and probabilistic risk assessment. The AP600 is a 600 MWe reactor that utilizes passive safety features that, once actuated, depend only on natural forces such as gravity and natural circulation to perform all required safety functions. These passive safety systems result in increased plant safety and have also significantly simplified plant systems and equipment, resulting in simplified plant operation and maintenance. The AP600 meets NRC deterministic safety criteria and probabilistic risk criteria with large margins. A summary comparison of key passive safety system design features is provided in Table 1. These key features are discussed due to their importance in affecting the key thermal-hydraulic phenomenon exhibited by the passive safety systems in critical areas. The scope of some of the design changes to the AP600 is described. These changes are the ones that are important in evaluating the passive plant design features embodied in the certified AP600 standard plant design. These design changes are incorporated into the AP1000 standard plant design that Westinghouse is certifying under 10 CFR Part 52. In conclusion, this report describes the results of the representative design certification activities that were partially supported by the Nuclear Energy Research Initiative. These activities are unique to AP1000, but are representative of research activities that must be driven to conclusion to realize successful licensing of the next generation of nuclear power plants in the United States.
Download or read book Safety Features of Operating Light Water Reactors of Western Design written by M. Gavrilas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text arose from a study originally undertaken for the Department of Energy to characterize the principal safety features of light water reactors of western design. This text should be of use to professional engineers interested in safety assessment of operating light water reactors, students interested in the principal safety features of LWRs, and others interested in tracing the design evolution of light water reactors. However, while ambitious in its scope, this text should not be viewed as presenting the levels of reactor safety of the various families of western reactor designs.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Advanced Reactors Safety written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Light Water Reactor Safety written by J. N. Lillington and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1995 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary of the main activities that have been carried out towards the development of advanced mechanistic models and computer codes for light water reactor safety (LWR) analysis. The principal features of the two main types of western LWRs are given.
Download or read book Guidebook to Light Water Reactor Safety Analysis written by P. B. Abramson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Guidebook to Light Water Reactor Safety Analysis brings together government and expert researchers entrusted with maintaining the safety of reactors, preventing incidents, and for creating the guidelines for responding appropriately to emergency situations. It includes an overview presented by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. One of the most relevant compendiums of its time, it's a volume of both historical and scientific significance and well worth the consideration of those currently involved with maintaining reactor safety..
Download or read book Passive Safety Systems in Advanced Water Cooled Reactors Awcrs Case Studies written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication is the final report of the INPRO collaborative project on advanced water cooled reactor (AWCR) case studies in support of passive safety systems. It compiles case study results on natural circulation and thermal stratification phenomena in selected passive safety systems performed by the participating countries of Argentina, India and Republic of Korea. The publication presents case study results as well as major findings and conclusions drawn from these case studies. This publication will be a useful resource for researchers in the area of core physics and reactor thermohydraulics and for technical experts and engineers engaged in experimental investigation and theoretical simulation for developing passive safety systems."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Passive Safety System and Inherent Safety Feature Building Blocks for Advanced Light water Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is investigating passive and inherent safety options for Advanced Light-Water Reactors (ALWRs). A major activity in 1989 includes identification and characterization of passive safety system and inherent safety feature building blocks, both existing and proposed, for ALWRs. Preliminary results of this work are reported herein. This activity is part of a larger effort by the US Department of Energy, reactor vendors, utilities, and others in the United States to develop improved LWRs. The Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) program and the Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor (APWR) program have as goals improved, commercially available LWRs in the early 1990s. The Advanced Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ASBWR) program and the AP-600 program are developing more advanced reactors with increased use of passive safety systems. It is planned that these reactors will become commercially available in the mid 1990s. The ORNL program is an exploratory research program for LWRs beyond the year 2000. Desired long-term goals for such reactors include: (1) use of only passive and inherent safety, (2) foolproof against operator errors, (3) malevolence resistance against internal sabotage and external assault and (4) walkaway safety. The acronym ''PRIME'' (Passive safety, Resilient operation, Inherent safety, Malevolence resistance, and Extended (walkaway) safety) is used to summarize these desired characteristics. Existing passive and inherent safety options are discussed in this document.
Download or read book A review of the passive safety features of advanced water reactor designs written by AEA Technology: Safety and Reliability Directorate and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Approach for Assessing ALWR Passive Safety System Reliability written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many advanced light water reactor designs incorporate passive rather than active safety features for front-line accident response. A method for evaluating the reliability of these passive systems in the context of probabilistic risk assessment has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories. This method addresses both the component (e.g. valve) failure aspect of passive system failure, and uncertainties in system success criteria arising from uncertainties in the system's underlying physical processes. These processes provide the system's driving force; examples are natural circulation and gravity-induced injection. This paper describes the method, and provides some preliminary results of application of the approach to the Westinghouse AP600 design.
Download or read book Proposed and Existing Passive and Inherent Safety related Structures Systems and Components building Blocks for Advanced Light water Reactors written by C. W. Forsberg and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Power written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The construction of nuclear power plants in the United States is stopping, as regulators, reactor manufacturers, and operators sort out a host of technical and institutional problems. This volume summarizes the status of nuclear power, analyzes the obstacles to resumption of construction of nuclear plants, and describes and evaluates the technological alternatives for safer, more economical reactors. Topics covered include: Institutional issues-including regulatory practices at the federal and state levels, the growing trends toward greater competition in the generation of electricity, and nuclear and nonnuclear generation options. Critical evaluation of advanced reactors-covering attributes such as cost, construction time, safety, development status, and fuel cycles. Finally, three alternative federal research and development programs are presented.
Download or read book Progress in Methodologies for the Assessment of Passive Safety System Reliability in Advanced Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA Tecdoc. This book was released on 2014-09 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication summarizes the results of an IAEA coordinated research project on the development of advanced methodologies for the assessment of passive safety system performance in advanced reactors. This includes discussions on various methodologies to assess the performance of passive engineered safety features in innovative small reactors, including the Indian AHWR 300 LEU and the Argentinian CAREM25. The publication focuses on the different reliability assessment approaches, methodologies, analysis and evaluation of the results and technical challenges. It provides the insights resulting from the analysis on the technical issues associated with assessing the reliability of passive systems in the context of nuclear safety and probabilistic safety analysis. A viable path towards the implementation of the research efforts in the related areas is also delineated.
Download or read book Light Water Reactor Safety Research Program written by Sandia National Laboratories and published by . This book was released on 1982-10 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
