Download or read book North American Free Trade Agreement written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impact of Child Labor on Free Trade written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Trade and Child Labor written by Eric V. Edmonds and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We explore the relationship between greater exposure to trade (as measured by openness) and child labor in a cross country setting. Our methodology accounts for the fact that trade flows are endogenous to child labor (and labor standards more generally) by examining the relationship between child labor and variation in trade based on geography. We find that countries that trade more have less child labor. At the cross-country means, the data suggest an openness elasticity of child labor of -0.7. For low-income countries, the elasticity of child labor with respect to trade with high income countries is -0.9. However, these relationships appear to be largely attributable to the positive association between trade and income. When we control for the endogeneity of trade and for cross-country income differences, the openness elasticity of child labor at cross-country means is much smaller (-0.1) and statistically insignificant. We consistently find a negative but statistically insignificant association between openness and child labor conditional on cross-country income differences when we split the sample into different country groups, consider only trade between high and low income countries, or focus on exports of unskilled-labor intensive products from low income countries. Thus, the cross-country data do not substantiate assertions that trade per se plays a significant role in perpetuating the high levels of child labor that pervade low-income countries"--NBER website
Download or read book Child Labour and Agriculture written by M.L. Narasaiah and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Child Labour Targeting the Intolerable, Stop Child Labour, Child Labour in Weaving Industry, Helping your Child Learn, Children s Health and the Environment, Opening Markets for Agriculture, The Future of Agricultural Trade, The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, The Uruguay Round and Agricultural Reforms, Export Subsidies: A Distortion to Free Trade in Agriculture, WTO Agricultural Negotiations Completing the Task, Developing Countries and the WTO Agricultural Negotiations, Population Growth and Cropland, Development of Sericulture, Controlling the Global Tobacco Epidemic, Land Tenure, Can Economic Growth Reduce Poverty?, The Dynamics of Rural Poverty in India, Rural Poverty in India and Development as a Policy Challenge, Trade and Labour Standards, Challenging Traditional Economic Growth, End of Controversy on Large Dams?, A Breakthrough in the Evolution of Large Dams?, Fighting for Equality on All Fronts, Crisis Prevention, The Future of Work, Population Growth and Income, For a Fair Sharing of Time, Development: The People Know Best, An Agenda for Change, Do Men Matter?, Social Development: The Way Forward, Gender-based Violence.
Download or read book Free Trade Under Fire written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-09 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing international trade has helped lift living standards around the world, and yet free trade is always under attack. Critics complain that trade forces painful economic adjustments, such as plant closings and layoffs of workers, and charge that the World Trade Organization serves the interests of corporations, undercuts domestic environmental regulations, and erodes America's sovereignty. Why has global trade become so controversial? Does free trade deserve its bad reputation? In Free Trade under Fire, Douglas Irwin sweeps aside the misconceptions that litter the debate over trade and gives the reader a clear understanding of the issues involved. This third edition has been thoroughly updated to include the latest developments in world trade--including the practice of off-shoring services, the impact of trade on wages, and the implications of trade with China-based on the latest research.
Download or read book Child Labor written by William Green and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study on the Operation and Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive assessment of the operation and effects of the North American Free Trade Agree. (NAFTA). It includes the economic effects in aggregate and in selected manufacturing sectors and in agriculture. Also includes sections on the implementation of the NAFTA environmental (cooperation, institutions, and enforcement) and labor agreements (Mexican enforcement of labor law, the North Amer. Agree. on Labor Cooperation). Reviews the findings from a variety of outside studies and analyzes Mexican and U.S. data, attempting whenever possible to isolate the effects of NAFTA from other factors. Charts and tables.
Download or read book I Must Work to Eat written by Jo Becker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The unprecedented economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, together with school closures and inadequate government assistance, is pushing children into exploitative and dangerous child labor. As their parents have lost jobs or income due to the pandemic and associated lockdowns, many children have entered the workforce to help their families survive. Many work long, grueling hours for little or no pay, often under hazardous conditions. Some report violence, harassment, and pay theft. [This report] is based on interviews conducted from January to March 2021 with 81 children, ages 8-17, in Ghana, Nepal, and Uganda.... The report examines the impact of the pandemic on children's rights, including their rights to education, to an adequate standard of living, and to protection from child labor, as well as government responses."--Page 4 of cover.
Download or read book Study on the Operation and Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade and Employment in Asia written by Niny Khor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates the links between employment, trade and structural transformation. In the context of global rebalancing, accompanied by inevitable changes in trade patterns between Asia and the rest of the world, the volume’s chapters analyze the links between trade openness and trends in employment and its quality. Specifically, through Asian case studies (both analytical and econometric), the volume examines how trade and export-led growth models have led to specialization and evolving demands on various types of labor. The rapidly changing labor market contours in developing Asia during this era of globalization, along with the new context resulting from the recent global financial crisis and new insights from theoretical literature, have led to the need for such studies. This volume helps fill this gap in the literature.
Download or read book In Defense of Globalization written by Jagdish Bhagwati and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-09-04 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the passionate debate that currently rages over globalization, critics have been heard blaming it for a host of ills afflicting poorer nations, everything from child labor to environmental degradation and cultural homogenization. Now Jagdish Bhagwati, the internationally renowned economist, takes on the critics, revealing that globalization, when properly governed, is in fact the most powerful force for social good in the world today. Drawing on his unparalleled knowledge of international and development economics, Bhagwati explains why the "gotcha" examples of the critics are often not as compelling as they seem. With the wit and wisdom for which he is renowned, Bhagwati convincingly shows that globalization is part of the solution, not part of the problem. This edition features a new afterword by the author, in which he counters recent writings by prominent journalist Thomas Friedman and the Nobel Laureate economist Paul Samuelson and argues that current anxieties about the economic implications of globalization are just as unfounded as were the concerns about its social effects.
Download or read book Globalization and Poverty written by Ann Harrison and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.
Download or read book Monitoring International Labor Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new report provides a framework within which to assess compliance with core international labor standards and succeeds in taking an enormous step toward interpreting all relevant information into one central database. At the request of the Bureau of International Labor Affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor, the National Research Council's Committee on Monitoring International Labor Standards was charged with identifying relevant and useful sources of country-level data, assessing the quality of such data, identifying innovative measures to monitor compliance, exploring the relationship between labor standards and human capital, and making recommendations on reporting procedures to monitor compliance. The result of the committee's work is in two partsâ€"this report and a database structure. Together, they offer a first step toward the goal of providing an empirical foundation to monitor compliance with core labor standards. The report provides a comprehensive review of extant data sources, with emphasis on their relevance to defined labor standards, their utility to decision makers in charge of assessing or monitoring compliance, and the cautions necessary to understand and use the quantitative information.
Download or read book The World of Child Labor written by Hugh D Hindman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 1990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The World of Child Labor" details both the current and historical state of child labor in each region of the world, focusing on its causes, consequences, and cures. Child labor remains a problem of immense social and economic proportions throughout the developing world, and there is a global movement underway to do away with it. Volume editor Hugh D. Hindman has assembled an international team of leading child labor scholars, researchers, policy-makers, and activists to provide a comprehensive reference with over 220 essays. This volume first provides a current global snapshot with overview essays on the dimensions of the problem and those institutions and organizations combating child labor. Thereafter the organization of the work is regional, covering developed, developing, and less developed regions of the world.The reference goes around the globe to document the contemporary and historical state of child labor within each major region (Africa, Latin and South America, North America, Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Oceania) including country-level accounts for nearly half of the world's nations. Country-level essays for more developed nations include historical material in addition to current issues in child labor. All country-level essays address specific facets of child labor problems, such as industries and occupations in which children commonly work, the national child welfare policy, occupational safety regulations, educational system, and laws, and often highlight significant initiatives against child labor.Current statistical data accompany most country-level essays that include ratifications to UN and ILO conventions, the Human Development Index, human capital indicators, economic indicators, and national child labor surveys conducted by the Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor. "The World of Child Labor" is designed to be a self-contained, comprehensive reference for high school, college, and professional researchers. Maps, photos, figures, tables, references, and index are included.
Download or read book Globalization and Labor Conditions written by Robert J. Flanagan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-07-20 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how three major mechanisms of globalization international trade, international migration, and the activities of multinational companies have altered working conditions and labor rights around the world during the late 20th century. Drawing on analyses of a database on international labor conditions assembled for this project and a growing research literature on globalization and labor conditions, the book finds that trade, migration, and multinational companies are associated with improvements in world labor conditions.
Download or read book International Labor Standards and International Trade written by Mr.Stephen S. Golub and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews controversies regarding linkage of international trade and labor standards. Pressures for international harmonization of labor standards arise in the context of increased trade between countries with large disparities in wages, and also reflect the history of labor standards. A critical distinction is made between standards related to fundamental human rights and those related to employment conditions. The main conclusion is that trade sanctions to enforce labor standards should not be an option, but that international agreements on core labor standards, with voluntary compliance, may, apart from being worthwhile on ethical grounds, defuse calls for protection.
Download or read book Accelerating Action Against Child Labour written by International Labour Office and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its quadrennial Global Report on child labour, the ILO says that the global number of child labourers had declined from 222 million to 215 million, or 3 per cent, over the period 2004 to 2008, representing a "slowing down of the global pace of reduction." The report also expresses concern that the global economic crisis could "further brake" progress toward the goal of eliminating the worst forms of child labour by 2016.
