Download or read book The Growth and Productivity of Hazelnut Cultivars Corylus Avellana L in Australia written by Basil Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Temperate Nuts written by Mohammad Maqbool Mir and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-02 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the production technology of temperate nuts. It explores cultivar and plant improvement, development and selection of rootstocks, plant–water relations and irrigation, canopy architecture, and postharvest packaging of nut fruits. It also deals with organic approaches, biotechnological interventions, diseases, and pest management. Contributing authors address nut fruits such as walnut, pecan nut, chestnut, and hazel nut on different recent aspects. The development achieved in the fruit sector is indicative of the fact that there is growing demand of fruit produce. Temperate nuts with health benefits and market acceptability have best sources of fat, fiber, protein, and mineral. They provide dietary fiber, potassium, and a variety of health-protective bioactive compounds. Apart from the health benefits, production of temperate nuts improves the economy of the country as these are very good source of income and employment. In addition, there is wide diversification in the production pattern of nuts globally. Increased production technology such as hybrids, high-yielding selections/ varieties, improved propagation techniques, and increased use of fertilizers and manures have brought spectacular increase in the production of nut fruits. This book is of interest to teachers, scientists, researchers, and scholars. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students of agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture nurseries and orchard industries also find this to be a useful read.
Download or read book Improving Initiation and Mineral Nutrition for Hazelnut Corylus Avellana Micropropagation written by Charles R. Hand and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corylus avellana L. is a global commodity and a valuable crop for the U.S. Pacific Northwest. A tremendous amount of work has been put into the development of healthy disease free, high yielding and tasty hazelnuts for the in-shell and confectionary markets. Clonal propagation is required to provide nursery trees of these improved hazelnut cultivars. The rapid multiplication provided by micropropagation methods is an important part of meeting the demand. One challenge of hazelnuts micropropagation is the wide variation in growth response among the cultivars. The studies described in this thesis were involved in improving the mineral nutrients in the growth medium and to better determine culture initiation procedures. The first study was designed to determine what mineral nutrients are driving C. avellana in vitro shoot growth using a response surface design. Hazelnut genotypes 'Dorris, ' 'Felix, ' 'Jefferson', OSU 880.054, and 'Sacajawea' were used. Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut medium (DKW) mineral nutrients were separated into five factors: NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2, mesos (MgSO4 and KH2PO4), K2SO4, and minor nutrients (B, Cu, Mn, Mo, and Zn). The concentrations ranged from 0.5x to 2.0x the standard DKW concentrations with 33 treatments for use in modeling. Multifactor response surface analysis projected that optimum shoot proliferation was greatly influenced by the NH4NO3 to Ca(NO3)2 ratios, mesos, and minors. These factors were important to overall quality and shoot length for all genotypes. Improved shoot quality was observed with increased Ca(NO3)2, mesos, and minors for most of the cultivars tested. For 'Sacajawea' only the mesos components significantly improved shoot quality. Lower Ca(NO3)2 improved shoot multiplication while higher amounts increased shoot length for most cultivars. New media formulations will require higher Ca(NO3)2, mesos and minors as well as changes in the NH4NO3 to Ca(NO3)2 ratios. The second study determined the effects of individual minor-mineral nutrients including nickel on hazelnut shoot growth. Three hazelnut cultivars 'Dorris, ' 'Jefferson, ' and 'Sacajawea' were used. Six factors at 0.5x to 4.0x DKW concentrations, H3BO3, CuSO4, MnSO4, Na2MoO4, Zn(NO3)2, and NiSO4, were tested in a response surface design with 39 treatment combinations. Ni, not present in DKW, ranged from 0 to 6 [micro]M. Higher concentrations (4x) of B, Mo, and Zn increased overall shoot quality, length and multiplication. There were many significant interactions. High B concentrations significantly improved shoot quality for 'Jefferson'; shoot quality, length and number for 'Dorris'; and shoot length and number for 'Sacajawea'. Increased Mo improved some responses for each cultivar, and it also interacted with Cu and Zn. Interactions of Ni with other minor nutrients resulted in improved shoot quality and length in 'Sacajawea.' Ni interactions were significant for the other cultivars as well, altered the requirements for other nutrients, but did not necessarily improve the overall shoot response. Improved growth and shoot quality in 'Dorris' and 'Jefferson' required increased amounts of B, Mo, and Zn; 'Sacajawea' required increased B, Cu, Zn, and Ni. The diverse responses of these cultivars further confirmed that nutrient uptake or utilization was genotype dependent. Hazelnuts are generally difficult to initiate into culture due to internal microbial contaminants and a general lack of viability of the explants. The third study was designed to determine the effect of nodal position and collection techniques on the viability and contamination of shoot explants. Explants were collected from scion wood grafted onto seedling rootstocks and grown in the greenhouse. Single-node explants were collected from different locations on the scion wood. After surface sterilization, explants were first held in a liquid contaminant-detection medium for one week and the effect on explant viability was evaluated. Node position influenced the number of viable contaminant-free explants. Bacterial contamination increased with the distance from the shoot tip. The use of liquid detection medium as a part of the initiation procedure did not affect viability. Bacteria sampled from surface sterilized explants were identified as Brevundimonas vesicularis, Brevundimonas sp., and two Pseudomonas sp., by 16S ribosomal DNA sequences and API® 20CHB tests. The best procedure for collecting axenic, viable hazelnut explants was to collect from the first three nodes of actively-growing greenhouse plants and use detection medium to identify contaminant-free tissue. As a result of these studies several suggested growth media formulations are now available for use that may produce improved hazelnut shoot quality, multiplication and elongation for a wide range of C. avellana genotypes. Two base macro nutrient formulations, Hazelnut A and B, are likely to be suitable for many genotypes. Three micronutrient formulations provide options for growth of difficult genotypes with and without Ni. Continued optimization and testing of mesos and N components are needed for final medium formulations.
Download or read book Proceedings of the VIIth International Congress on Hazelnut written by L. Varvaro and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Differentiation of Hazelnut Cultivars Corylus Avellana L by Metabolomics and Sensomics Approaches Using Comprehensive Two dimensional Gas Chromatography Time of flight Mass Spectrometry GCxGC TOF MS written by Johannes Kiefl and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance and Asexual Propagation of Some Hazelnut Corylus Avellana L Cultivars Under Kullu Valley Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statistical Methods for Tissue Culture Medium Optimization and A Multiplexed Fingerprinting Set for Hazelnuts written by Meleks̜en Akin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hazelnut is one of the most important nuts in worldwide production and the European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is the most economically important of the 11 recognized hazelnut species. Development of new cultivars is continuous, with emphasis on better nut quality, high yield and disease resistance. Hazelnuts are highly heterozygous, and clonally propagated. Traditional propagation methods in hazelnut are not rapid enough to provide the required nursery stock for newly released hazelnut cultivars, but micropropagation can provide rapid production of hazelnut planting stock. Several growth media are available for specific cultivars, but many are not suitable for the wide range of germplasm used in new cultivars. Micropropagation of hazelnuts remains challenging due to the various responses of diverse genotypes to in vitro growth. Several studies incrimentally improved the growth medium, but determining exact nutrient requirements was difficult. The aim of this study was to determine which statistical methods would make the growth medium optimization process more practical and to develop an optimal micropropagation medium for diverse hazelnuts by testing salts and ions as factors within the experimental design. In addition an SSR fingerprinting set suitable for a diverse group of hazelnuts was developed. The first study was designed to test the effect of salts on three hazelnut genotypes and compare two methods of data analysis. Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut medium (DKW) macro-salts (NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, CaCl2·2H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, KH2PO4 and K2SO4) were varied from 0.5x to 3x DKW concentrations with 42 combinations in a IV-optimal design. Shoot quality, shoot length, multiplication and callus formation were rated and analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) data mining algorithm. Both analyses indicated that NH4NO3 was a predominant nutrient factor. RSM results were genotype dependent while CHAID included genotype as a factor in the analysis, allowing development of a common medium rather than several genotype-specific media. Overall, CHAID results were more specific and easier to interpret than RSM graphs. The optimal growth medium for diverse hazelnut genotypes was formulated as: 0.5× NH4NO3, 3x KH2PO4, 1.5x Ca(NO3)2 and and the rest of the macro salts set at 1x DKW with modified minor nutrients [4× H3BO3, 4x Na2MoO4·2H2O, 4x Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, 0.5× MnSO4·H2O, 0.5x CuSO4·5H2O]. The second study was to determine the effects of ions on tissue culture medium optimization. NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42− and PO43− ions were used as factors in a D-optimal design. K+ and NO3− ions were used to bring the pH level to neutral, and as factors in the statistical analysis. The CHAID data mining algorithm was used to analyze shoot growth responses of three hazelnut genotypes. The algorithm trees revealed significant variables and their interactions, and provided exact cut-off amounts for each of the ions for the related growth response by incorporating genotype as an independent factor. The critical cut-off values for good shoot quality, elongation, multiplication and medium callus formation were suggested to be: NO3− 88 mM, NH4+
Download or read book Plant Breeding Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hazelnut Grower s Handbook written by Lester Snare and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1010 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nut Grower s Guide written by Jennifer Wilkinson and published by Landlinks Press. This book was released on 2005-10-20 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nut growing has become more popular and technology has developed significantly over the last 5 years. This book is the starting point for prospective commercial nut growers – large or small scale, for farmers who want to diversify and also for gardeners interested in growing nut trees in their back yards. Nut Grower's Guide is the first comprehensive book to growing almonds, cashews, chestnuts, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pistachios and walnuts. All aspects of site selection are covered, from soil and climate to aspect and topography through to previous land use and local pest species. Soil preparation, irrigation, planting and propagating trees are also covered. It covers the cultivation and processing of each of the major nut species and also provides guidance on packaging and the wholesale and retail marketing of nuts in Australia and overseas.
Download or read book Wild Crop Relatives Genomic and Breeding Resources written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-27 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wild crop relatives are now playing a significant part in the elucidation and improvement of the genomes of their cultivated counterparts. This work includes comprehensive examinations of the status, origin, distribution, morphology, cytology, genetic diversity and available genetic and genomic resources of numerous wild crop relatives, as well as of their evolution and phylogenetic relationship. Further topics include their role as model plants, genetic erosion and conservation efforts, and their domestication for the purposes of bioenergy, phytomedicines, nutraceuticals and phytoremediation. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources comprises 10 volumes on Cereals, Millets and Grasses, Oilseeds, Legume Crops and Forages, Vegetables, Temperate Fruits, Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Industrial Crops, Plantation and Ornamental Crops, and Forest Trees. It contains 125 chapters written by nearly 400 well-known authors from about 40 countries.
Download or read book Compendium of Growth Stage Identification Keys for Mono and Dicotyledonous Plants written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Edible Nuts written by G. E. Wickens and published by Fao. This book was released on 1995 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non wood Forest Products from Temperate Broad leaved Trees written by William M. Ciesla and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperate broadleaved trees grow in very different ecosystems in the northern and southern hemispheres, but are also found extensively in many tropical and subtropical mountain areas. A wide range of non-wood products are derived from temperate broadleaved trees, and their description is organized in this volume according to the part of the tree from which they are obtained (whole tree, foliage, flowers, etc.). This information is presented in order to raise awareness on, and assist in identifying, opportunities for the management and production of non-wood products from temperate broadleaved trees. The intended audience of this publication ranges from interest groups in the forest, agriculture and rural development sectors to conservation agencies in developed and developing countries.
