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Book The Five Technological Forces Disrupting Security

Download or read book The Five Technological Forces Disrupting Security written by Steve Van Till and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Five Technological Forces Disrupting Security: How Cloud, Social, Mobile, Big Data and IoT are Transforming Physical Security in the Digital Age explores the major technological forces currently driving digital disruption in the security industry, and what they foretell for the future. The book provides a high-level perspective on how the industry is changing as a whole, as well as practical guidance on how to incorporate these new technologies to create better security solutions. It also examines key questions on how these new technologies have lowered barriers for new entrants in the field and how they are likely to change market dynamics and affect customer choices. Set in the context of one of the early dot.com companies to enter physical security, the narrative is written for professionals from Chief Security Officers and systems integrators to product managers and investors. Explores the five major technological forces driving digital change in commercial security Shows practitioners how to align security strategies with these inevitable changes Examines how the consumerization of security will change the vendor playing field Illustrates how security professionals can leverage these changes in their own careers Provides an adoption scorecard that ranks trends and timeline for impact

Book Cyber Security  Issues and Current Trends

Download or read book Cyber Security Issues and Current Trends written by Nitul Dutta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-30 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents various areas related to cybersecurity. Different techniques and tools used by cyberattackers to exploit a system are thoroughly discussed and analyzed in their respective chapters. The content of the book provides an intuition of various issues and challenges of cybersecurity that can help readers to understand and have awareness about it. It starts with a very basic introduction of security, its varied domains, and its implications in any working organization; moreover, it will talk about the risk factor of various attacks and threats. The concept of privacy and anonymity has been taken into consideration in consecutive chapters. Various topics including, The Onion Router (TOR) and other anonymous services, are precisely discussed with a practical approach. Further, chapters to learn the importance of preventive measures such as intrusion detection system (IDS) are also covered. Due to the existence of severe cyberattacks, digital forensics is a must for investigating the crime and to take precautionary measures for the future occurrence of such attacks. A detailed description of cyberinvestigation is covered in a chapter to get readers acquainted with the need and demands. This chapter deals with evidence collection from the victim's device and the system that has importance in the context of an investigation. Content covered in all chapters is foremost and reported in the current trends in several journals and cybertalks. The proposed book is helpful for any reader who is using a computer or any such electronic gadget in their daily routine. The content of the book is prepared to work as a resource to any undergraduate and graduate-level student to get aware about the concept of cybersecurity, various cyberattacks, and threats in the security. In addition to that, it aimed at assisting researchers and developers to build a strong foundation for security provisioning in any newer technology which they are developing.

Book Handbook of IoT and Big Data

Download or read book Handbook of IoT and Big Data written by Vijender Kumar Solanki and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-02-21 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multi-contributed handbook focuses on the latest workings of IoT (internet of Things) and Big Data. As the resources are limited, it's the endeavor of the authors to support and bring the information into one resource. The book is divided into 4 sections that covers IoT and technologies, the future of Big Data, algorithms, and case studies showing IoT and Big Data in various fields such as health care, manufacturing and automation. Features Focuses on the latest workings of IoT and Big Data Discusses the emerging role of technologies and the fast-growing market of Big Data Covers the movement toward automation with hardware, software, and sensors, and trying to save on energy resources Offers the latest technology on IoT Presents the future horizons on Big Data

Book Conflict in the 21st Century

    Book Details:
  • Author : Nicholas Michael Sambaluk
  • Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
  • Release : 2019-08-08
  • ISBN : 1440860017
  • Pages : 365 pages

Download or read book Conflict in the 21st Century written by Nicholas Michael Sambaluk and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work examines how sophisticated cyber-attacks and innovative use of social media have changed conflict in the digital realm, while new military technologies such as drones and robotic weaponry continue to have an impact on modern warfare. Cyber warfare, social media, and the latest military weapons are transforming the character of modern conflicts. This book explains how, through overview essays written by an award-winning author of military history and technology topics; in addition to more than 200 entries dealing with specific examples of digital and physical technologies, categorized by their relationship to cyber warfare, social media, and physical technology areas. Individually, these technologies are having a profound impact on modern conflicts; cumulatively, they are dynamically transforming the character of conflicts in the modern world. The book begins with a comprehensive overview essay on cyber warfare and a large section of A–Z reference entries related to this topic. The same detailed coverage is given to both social media and technology as they relate to conflict in the 21st century. Each of the three sections also includes an expansive bibliography that serves as a gateway for further research on these topics. The book ends with a detailed chronology that helps readers place all the key events in these areas.

Book Disruptive Technologies for the Militaries and Security

Download or read book Disruptive Technologies for the Militaries and Security written by Ajey Lele and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book debates and discusses the present and future of Disruptive Technologies in general and military Disruptive Technologies in particular. Its primary goal is to discuss various critical and advanced elucidations on strategic technologies. The focus is less on extrapolating the future of technology in a strict sense, and more on understanding the Disruptive Technology paradigm. It is widely accepted that technology alone cannot win any military campaign or war. However, technological superiority always offers militaries an advantage. More importantly, technology also has a great deterrent value. Hence, on occasion, technology can help to avoid wars. Accordingly, it is important to effectively manage new technologies by identifying their strategic utility and role in existing military architectures and the possible contributions they could make towards improving overall military capabilities. This can also entail doctrinal changes, so as to translate these new technologies into concrete advantages.

Book Digital Governance

Download or read book Digital Governance written by Michael E. Milakovich and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of digital information and communication technologies (ICTs) to reform governmental structures and public service is widely and perhaps naively viewed as the 21st century "savior", the enlightened way to reinvigorate democracy, reduce costs, and improve the quality of public services. This book examines the transition from e-government to digital governance in light of the financial exigencies and political controversies facing many governments. The chapters concentrate on strategies for public sector organizational transformation and policies for improved and measurable government performance in the current contentious political environment. This fully updated second edition of Digital Governance provides strategies for public officials to apply advanced technologies, manage remote workforces, measure performance, and improve service delivery in current crisis-driven administrative and political environments. The full implementation of advanced digital governance requires fundamental changes in the relationship between citizens and their governments, using ICTs as catalysts for political as well as administrative communication. This entails attitudinal and behavioral changes, secure networks, and less dependence on formal bureaucratic structures (covered in Part I of this book); transformation of administrative, educational, and security systems to manage public services in a more citizen-centric way (covered in Part II); the integration of advanced digital technologies with remote broadband wireless internet services (Part III); and the creation of new forms of global interactive citizenship and self-governance (covered in Part IV). Author Michael E. Milakovich offers recommendations for further improvement and civic actions to stimulate important instruments of governance and public administration. This book is required reading for political science, public administration, and public policy courses, as well as federal, state, and local government officials.

Book Robotics  Autonomous Systems and Contemporary International Security

Download or read book Robotics Autonomous Systems and Contemporary International Security written by Ash Rossiter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid technological advances in the field of robotics and autonomous systems (RAS) are transforming the international security environment and the conduct of contemporary conflict. Bringing together leading experts from across the globe, this book provides timely analysis on the current and future challenges associated with greater utilization of RAS by states, their militaries, and a host of non-state actors. Technologically driven change in the international security environment can come about through the development of one significant technology, such as the atomic bomb. At other times, it results from several technologies maturing at roughly the same pace. This second image better reflects the rapid technological change that is taking us into the robotics age. Many of the chapters in this edited volume explore unresolved ethical, legal, and operational challenges that are only likely to become more complex as RAS technology matures. Though the precise ways in which the impact of autonomous systems – both physical and non-physical – will be felt in the long-run is hidden from us, attempting to anticipate the direction of travel remains an important undertaking and one that this book makes a critical effort to contend with. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Small Wars & Insurgencies.

Book Beyond Disruption

Download or read book Beyond Disruption written by George P. Shultz and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2018-06-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Beyond Disruption: Technology's Challenge to Governance, George P. Shultz, Jim Hoagland, and James Timbie present views from some of the country's top experts in the sciences, humanities, and military that scrutinize the rise of post-millennium technologies in today's global society. They contemplate both the benefits and peril carried by the unprecedented speed of these innovations—from genetic editing, which enables us new ways to control infectious diseases, to social media, whose ubiquitous global connections threaten the function of democracies across the world. Some techniques, like the advent of machine learning, have enabled engineers to create systems that will make us more productive. For example, self-driving vehicles promise to make trucking safer, faster, and cheaper. However, using big data and artificial intelligence to automate complex tasks also ends up threatening to disrupt both routine professions like taxi driving and cognitive work by accountants, radiologists, lawyers, and even computer programmers themselves.

Book Disruption  Ideation and Innovation for Defence and Security

Download or read book Disruption Ideation and Innovation for Defence and Security written by Gitanjali Adlakha-Hutcheon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores types of disruptions in defence and security, ways to assess disruptions triggered by technological advancements or the lack of legal frameworks; the consequent delays or disruptions to making decisions, creative idea generation and finally the innovative pathways to counter such disruptions. What do disruption, ideation and innovation have in common? How do disruptions, ideas and innovation coexist within defence and security? They all influence and impact decision-making. Disruptions drive decision-making. Ideation raises solutions to resolve the disruptions and innovation brings ideas into life. While disruptions may be common place in the business world, where disruptive technologies displace pre-existing ones; they are less prevalent in defence, even less so within the realm of security. For the last 10 years, there has been talk of disruptive technologies and even adoption of terms such as emerging and disruptive technologies by the largest military alliance—NATO, yet the means to assess these remain elusive. It offers researchers opportunities to assess different types of disruptions, ideate and innovate on scientific grounds to counter disruptions, thereby bolstering the defence and security community’s ability to make decisions better.

Book The Five Forces That Change Everything

Download or read book The Five Forces That Change Everything written by Steven S. Hoffman and published by BenBella Books. This book was released on 2021-08-10 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Five Forces reveals how technology is unleashing forces that will forever alter our lives, politics, and society. Learn more about nanotechnology, transhumanism, the future of space exploration and colonization, super human computers, and so much more! Discover what lies in our future: How will humans change as we merge with our machines, embracing transhumanism? What happens when intelligent algorithms make all the decisions? Should we connect our brains directly to the Internet? And are we entering an age of simulated realities? The Five Forces takes you on a journey to see what the most brilliant minds of our age are dreaming up. Hoffman reveals how new scientific breakthroughs and business ventures are poised to reshape our lives and turn science fiction into fact. With scientists in Japan creating humanoid robots, Silicon Valley biohackers boosting their IQs, and Chinese labs developing human-monkey chimeras, Hoffman gives an inside look at the limits of what’s possible today and the impact these developments will have. Mass Connectivity What happens when brain chips connect our minds directly to the internet? Will we be able to boost our IQs, exchange memories, and communicate with our thoughts? Or will this turn into a nightmare, with corporations reading our minds, hackers overwriting our identities, and governments controlling our actions? Bio Convergence Now that we can decode the building blocks of life and create new lifeforms that never existed before, what comes next? Will we conquer disease, resurrect extinct species, develop superior plants and animals, create DNA-edited babies, and even spawn other intelligent beings? Human Expansionism Is it our manifest destiny to colonize Mars and extend the human race beyond the limits of our solar system? How will technologies like space travel, new materials, and nanotech transform our civilization and open up new horizons we never imagined possible? Deep Automation As our machines become capable enough to do every job better, faster, and cheaper, how will this affect society? Will we wind up delegating our most important decisions to data crunching algorithms? And does this mean our machines will end up running our economies, our corporations, and even our lives? Intelligence Explosion As soon as we create a superintelligence that far surpasses human capabilities, what will happen to us? Will we be able to control our machines, or will they eventually control us? Are we headed for a paradise of plenty, where our technology eliminates hunger, disease, poverty, and war? Or will this be the end of our reign as the rulers of the planet?

Book Inside the Cold War From Marx to Reagan

Download or read book Inside the Cold War From Marx to Reagan written by Sven F. Kraemer and published by UPA. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A long-time U.S. policy insider’s scholarly and encyclopedic history with unprecedented analysis of the official documents of the Cold War explores its Marxist-Leninist totalitarian roots, faltering pre-Reagan U.S. strategies of Containment, MAD, and Détente, and the Reagan Revolution. This book details Reagan’s integrated new strategies in defense, arms control, diplomacy, information and intelligence, and support for the faiths and forces of freedom that collapsed the Soviet ideology and empire.

Book Strategy in the Age of Disruption

Download or read book Strategy in the Age of Disruption written by Henrik Von Scheel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seize your place in a new era in commerce and industry In Strategy in The Age of Disruption, a team of dedicated strategists delivers an exciting and practical guide to Industry 4.0, a commercial transformation that’s impacting every facet of the market, the environment, and our social lives. You’ll learn what Industry 4.0 is, what it means for you and your company, and how you—as a leader, manager, expert, entrepreneur, or investor—can capitalize on it and put it into practice. This is a complete handbook on strategic execution. It’s a step-by-step tutorial designed to get you to clearly see your strategic position, the choices available to you, and how to execute on those choices. You’ll also find: Ways to move beyond outdated business models that no longer serve the companies that follow them Common myths about strategy and how to put them to bed for good Deep and insightful explanations of the fourth industrial revolution and what it means for your sector and company Highly visual and endlessly engaging, Strategy in The Age of Disruption will systematically guide you through how to manage the challenges of the present and the promise of the future.

Book Disrupting Class  Expanded Edition  How Disruptive Innovation Will Change the Way the World Learns

Download or read book Disrupting Class Expanded Edition How Disruptive Innovation Will Change the Way the World Learns written by Clayton Christensen and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2010-09-17 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay Christensen's groundbreaking bestselling work in education now updated and expanded, including a new chapter on Christensen's seminal "Jobs to Be Done" theory applied to education. "Provocatively titled, Disrupting Class is just what America's K-12 education system needs--a well thought-through proposal for using technology to better serve students and bring our schools into the 21st Century. Unlike so many education 'reforms,' this is not small-bore stuff. For that reason alone, it's likely to be resisted by defenders of the status quo, even though it's necessary and right for our kids. We owe it to them to make sure this book isn't merely a terrific read; it must become a blueprint for educational transformation." —Joel Klein, Chancellor of the New York City Department of Education "A brilliant teacher, Christensen brings clarity to a muddled and chaotic world of education." —Jim Collins, bestselling author of Good to Great “Just as iTunes revolutionized the music industry, technology has the potential to transform education in America so that every one of the nation’s 50 million students receives a high quality education. Disrupting Class is a must-read, as it shows us how we can blaze that trail toward transformation.” —Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida According to recent studies in neuroscience, the way we learn doesn't always match up with the way we are taught. If we hope to stay competitive-academically, economically, and technologically-we need to rethink our understanding of intelligence, reevaluate our educational system, and reinvigorate our commitment to learning. In other words, we need "disruptive innovation." Now, in his long-awaited new book, Clayton M. Christensen and coauthors Michael B. Horn and Curtis W. Johnson take one of the most important issues of our time-education-and apply Christensen's now-famous theories of "disruptive" change using a wide range of real-life examples. Whether you're a school administrator, government official, business leader, parent, teacher, or entrepreneur, you'll discover surprising new ideas, outside-the-box strategies, and straight-A success stories. You'll learn how: Customized learning will help many more students succeed in school Student-centric classrooms will increase the demand for new technology Computers must be disruptively deployed to every student Disruptive innovation can circumvent roadblocks that have prevented other attempts at school reform We can compete in the global classroom-and get ahead in the global market Filled with fascinating case studies, scientific findings, and unprecedented insights on how innovation must be managed, Disrupting Class will open your eyes to new possibilities, unlock hidden potential, and get you to think differently. Professor Christensen and his coauthors provide a bold new lesson in innovation that will help you make the grade for years to come. The future is now. Class is in session.

Book Advanced Technologies and the Management of Disruptive Supply Chains

Download or read book Advanced Technologies and the Management of Disruptive Supply Chains written by Hassan Qudrat-Ullah and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explores cost-effective and efficient supply chain management to achieve resilience in the post-COVID environment. Qualitative, quantitative, case studies, and systematic literature reviews are made in the book. The book follows a didactic approach through which it informs global researchers and practitioners to deal with the most significant insights on future supply chains with a more in-depth analysis of post-COVID opportunities and challenges. In particular, this book provides an in-depth assessment of disruptive supply chain management in certain industrial contexts and explores various Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 technologies to achieve resilience. The book is used as a supplemental textbook for study within university level programs, at late undergraduate and graduate levels, in faculties of business and management, engineering systems, information systems, education, and computing.

Book FinTech as a Disruptive Technology for Financial Institutions

Download or read book FinTech as a Disruptive Technology for Financial Institutions written by Rafay, Abdul and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-01-18 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial institutions are tasked with keeping businesses of all sizes financially sounds while also providing accessible banking options to everyday individuals. Fintech, or financial technology, is an emerging disruptive technology in financial transaction that will change banking behavior for stakeholders and enable better traceability of funds against specific assets. FinTech as a Disruptive Technology for Financial Institutions is an essential reference source that discusses applications of FinTech in financial institutions in small, medium, and large businesses and through cultural and religious filters. Featuring research on topics such as machine learning, market development, crypto-currency, financial security, blockchain, and financial technology, this book is ideally designed for bankers, business managers, economists, computer scientists, academicians, researchers, financial professionals, and students.

Book Mastering Disruptive Technologies

Download or read book Mastering Disruptive Technologies written by Dr. R. K. Dhanaraj and published by HP Hamilton Limited, U.K.. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About the Book: The book is divided into 4 modules which consist of 21 chapters, that narrates briefly about the top five recent emerging trends such as: Cloud Computing, Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning. At the end of each module, authors have provided two Appendices. One is Job oriented short-type questions with answers, and the second one provide us different MCQs with their keys. Salient Features of the Book:  Detailed Coverage on Topics like: Introduction to Cloud Computing, Cloud Architecture, Cloud Applications, Cloud Platforms, Open-Source Cloud Simulation Tools, and Mobile Cloud Computing.  Expanded Coverage on Topics like: Introduction to IoT, Architecture, Core Modules, Communication models and protocols, IoT Environment, IoT Testing, IoT and Cloud Computing.  Focused Coverage on Topics like: Introduction to Blockchain Technology, Security and Privacy component of Blockchain Technology, Consensus Algorithms, Blockchain Development Platform, and Various Applications.  Dedicated Coverage on Topics like: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Techniques, Types of Machine Learning, Clustering Algorithms, K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm, Artificial Neural Network, Deep Learning, and Applications of Machine Learning.  Pictorial Two-Minute Drill to Summarize the Whole Concept.  Inclusion of 300 Job Oriented Short Type Questions with Answers for the aspirants to have the Thoroughness, Practice and Multiplicity.  Around 178 Job Oriented MCQs with their keys.  Catch Words and Questions on Self-Assessment at Chapter-wise Termination. About the Authors: Dr. Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj is an Associate Professor in the School of Computing Science and Engineering at Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. He holds a Ph.D. degree in Information and Communication Engineering from Anna University Chennai, India. He has published more than 20 authored and edited books on various emerging technologies and more than 35 articles in various peer-reviewed journals and international conferences and contributed chapters to the books. His research interests include Machine Learning, Cyber-Physical Systems and Wireless Sensor Networks. He is an expert advisory panel member of Texas Instruments Inc. USA. Mr. Soumya Ranjan Jena is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of CSE, School of Computing at Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science & Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. He has teaching and research experience from various reputed institutions in India like Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, AKS University, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, K L Deemed to be University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, GITA (Autonomous), Bhubaneswar, Odisha. He has been awarded M.Tech in Information Technology from Utkal University, Odisha, B.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering from BPUT, Odisha, and Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) from Central Tool Room and Training Centre (CTTC), Bhubaneswar, Odisha. He has got the immense experience to teach to graduate as well as post-graduate students and author of two books i.e. “Theory of Computation and Application” and “Design and Analysis of Algorithms”. He has published more than 25 research papers on Cloud Computing, IoT in various international journals and conferences which are indexed by Scopus, Web of Science, and also published six patents out of which one is granted in Australia. Mr. Ashok Kumar Yadav is currently working as Dean Academics and Assistant Professor at Rajkiya Engineering College, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. He has worked as an Assistant Professor (on Ad-hoc) in the Department of Computer Science, University of Delhi. He has also worked with Cluster Innovation Center, University of Delhi, New Delhi. He qualified for UGC-JRF. Presently, he is pursuing his Ph.D. in Computer Science from JNU, New Delhi. He has received M.Tech in Computer Science and Technology from JNU, New Delhi. He has presented and published papers at international conferences and journals on blockchain technology and machine learning. He has delivered various expert lectures on reputed institutes. Ms. Vani Rajasekar completed B. Tech (Information Technology), M. Tech (Information and Cyber warfare) in Department of Information Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. She is pursuing her Ph.D. (Information and Communication Engineering) in the area of Biometrics and Network security. Presently she is working as an Assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kongu Engineering College Erode, Tamil Nadu, India for the past 5 years. Her areas of interest include Cryptography, Biometrics, Network Security, and Wireless Networks. She has authored around 20 research papers and book chapters published in various international journals and conferences which were indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and SCI.

Book Handbook of Research on Big Data  Green Growth  and Technology Disruption in Asian Companies and Societies

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Big Data Green Growth and Technology Disruption in Asian Companies and Societies written by Ordóñez de Pablos, Patricia and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-10-23 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The business ecosystem within Asia is undergoing a transformation post COVID-19. Green issues, inclusion, and strategic disruptors in companies and economies have become rising topics in Asian businesses, causing such a change. This has the potential to be an evolution for Asian businesses, creating new business models for economic growth in Asia. The Handbook of Research on Big Data, Green Growth, and Technology Disruption in Asian Companies and Societies presents a rich collection of chapters exploring and discussing the emerging topics, challenges, and success factors in business, big data, innovation, and technology in Asia. This book will explore the changes made in the transition towards greener and sustainable societies and economies. Covering topics including information technologies, open innovation, and green issues, this book is essential for researchers, academicians, students, politicians, policymakers, corporate heads of firms, senior general managers, managing directors, information technology directors and managers, and libraries.