Download or read book Transparency in Nuclear Warheads and Materials written by Nicholas Zarimpas and published by Sipri Monograph. This book was released on 2003 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These studies address the technical means and procedures for establishing transparency in nuclear warheads and materials in the nuclear weapons states.
Download or read book THE FISSILE MATERIAL TRANSPARENCY TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION FMTTD written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency Cooperative Threat Reduction program is supporting the construction of a fissile material storage facility at Mayak in the Russian Federation. Up to 34 tons of weapon-grade plutonium will be stored in the facility to await disposition. In order to meet arms control and nonproliferation objectives, the U.S. Congress has requested assurances that the nuclear material stored at the Mayak facility is derived from dismantled nuclear weapons. The usual approach to identify the origin or state of radioactive materials is to measure the intensity and energy of neutron and gamma radiation emitted. However, the Russian Federation considers such details as isotopic composition and mass to be classified. The solution arrived at by a DOE multilaboratory team is to place the radioactive specimen, the gamma and neutron counters, and all the computational equipment behind an information barrier. In the Fissile Materials Transparency Technology Demonstration (FMTD), this equipment was configured and programmed to measure the following six attributes: isotopic ratio, threshold mass, absence of oxide, presence of plutonium, age, and symmetry. On August 16, 2000, at Los Alamos National Laboratory, a delegation of Russian officials observed the successful demonstration of this new technology (called an Attribute Measurement System with Information Barrier, or AMS/IB). The scientists were able to demonstrate without releasing classified information that the nuclear material sample being tested (a nuclear weapon pit) had the declared weapon-grade plutonium characteristics. Once fully developed, AMS/IB technology will protect sensitive information while providing the United States increased confidence that the mandated Russian fissile materials have been stored. Attribute measurement systems can play a role in a number of U.S.-Russian nuclear security regimes such as the Trilateral Initiative, the Plutonium Production Reactor Agreement, and future strategic arms agreements. This paper discusses the details of this new inspection equipment, the August 2000 demonstration, and potential future applications.
Download or read book Nuclear Non proliferation and Arms Control Verification written by Irmgard Niemeyer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book strives to take stock of current achievements and existing challenges in nuclear verification, identify the available information and gaps that can act as drivers for exploring new approaches to verification strategies and technologies. With the practical application of the systems concept to nuclear disarmament scenarios and other, non-nuclear verification fields, it investigates, where greater transparency and confidence could be achieved in pursuit of new national or international nonproliferation and arms reduction efforts. A final discussion looks at how, in the absence of formal government-to-government negotiations, experts can take practical steps to advance the technical development of these concepts.
Download or read book The Evolution of Biological Disarmament written by Nicholas Roger Alan Sims and published by Sipri Chemical & Biological Wa. This book was released on 2001 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of the disarmament regime of the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) is described from 1980, when the first BTWC Review Conference was held, until 1998. The author analyses the results of SIPRI's first four review Conferences.
Download or read book The Security of the Caspian Sea Region written by Gennadiĭ Illarionovich Chufrin and published by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. This book was released on 2001 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in association with the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Download or read book The International Control of Atomic Energy written by Bernard M. Baruch and published by . This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States And The United Nations Report Series, No. 5. Scientific Information Transmitted To The United Nations Atomic Energy Commission June 14, 1946 To October 14, 1946.
Download or read book Executive Policing written by Renata Dwan and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2002 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book seven authors examine the legal and political implications, the training of international police in a multinational and multicultural context, the use of community policing, the crucial issue of cooperation between the military and the civilian police components, and what has been learned about planning for the handover to local authority.
Download or read book Societal Verification written by Dieter Deiseroth and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2010-03-31 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Societal Verification has been discussed for decades under different names, like "inspection by the people" and "social monitoring". Although there is no agreed legal definition, societal verification connotes the involvement of civil society in monitoring national compliance with, and overall implementation of, international treaties or agreements. In contrast to official verification organisations and agencies employing professional experts, societal verification may involve the whole society or groups within it. There are two main forms of societal verification: (1) citizen reporting, which relies upon members of civil society (journalists, NGOs, think tanks, universities, mass media), and (2) whistleblowing by insiders (scientists, technicians, employees, others) working in the relevant disciplines, departments or industries who are encouraged and willing to report to the public or to the national or international verification regime regarding violations of the respective treaty of which they have become aware.
Download or read book A Future Arms Control Agenda written by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute and published by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. This book was released on 2001 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organized by SIPRI, the Nobel Symposium on A Future Arms Control Agenda considered how arms control contributes to a cooperative security system based on the peaceful resolution of disputes and the gradual demilitarization of international relations. This book documents the proceedings, including comprehensive discussions of new elements of the post-Cold War global security system and objectives and limitations of arms control within that evolving system. Special attention is given to the changing roles and responsibilities of the major powers in arms control efforts.
Download or read book Report of the Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons written by Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SIPRI Yearbook 2002 written by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Yearbook has unique collections of official documents concluded during the year in the field of arms control, disarmament and international security.
Download or read book Increasing Inspectability of Hardware and Software for Arms Control and Nonproliferation Regimes written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the U.S. and the Russian Federation get closer to deploying systems for monitoring nuclear material within arms control and nonproliferation transparency regimes, the level of inspectability of the system hardware and software must increase beyond the systems demonstrated to date. These systems include the Trilateral Initiative prototype, the Fissile Material Transparency Technology Demonstration (FMTTD) system, and the Trusted Radiation Attribute Demonstration System (TRADS). Toward this goal, several alternative technologies will be discussed along with ways in which they would increase inspectability. Some examples of such technologies include the use of microcontrollers instead of fully capable computers, open source operating systems, rantime environments, and compilers.
Download or read book Arms Control and Disarmament written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of Prior U S Attribute Measurement Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attribute Measurement Systems have been developed and demonstrated several times in the United States over the last decade or so; under the Trilateral Initiative (1996-2002), FMTTD (Fissile Material Transparency Technology Demonstration, 2000), and NG-AMS (Next Generation Attribute Measurement System, 2005-2008). Each Attribute Measurement System has contributed to the growing body of knowledge regarding the use of such systems in warhead dismantlement and other Arms Control scenarios. The Trilateral Initiative, besides developing prototype hardware/software, introduced the topic to the international community. The 'trilateral' parties included the United States, the Russian Federation, and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). With the participation of a Russian delegation, the FMTTD demonstrated that measurements behind an information barrier are feasible while meeting host party security requirements. The NG-AMS system explored the consequences of maximizing the use of Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) equipment, which made construction easier, but authentication harder. The 3rd Generation Attribute Measurement System (3G-AMS) will further the scope of previous systems by including additional attributes and more rigor in authentication.
