Download or read book The Federal Housing Administration and African American Homeownership written by David J. Reiss and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”) has been a versatile tool of government since it was created during the Great Depression. It achieved success with some of its goals and had a terrible record with others. Its impact on African-American households falls, in many ways, into the latter category. The FHA began redlining African-American communities at its very beginning. Its later days have been marred by high default and foreclosure rates in those same communities.At the same time, the FHA's overall impact on the housing market has been immense. Over its lifetime, it has insured more than 40 million mortgages, helping to make home ownership available to a broad swath of American households. And indeed, the FHA mortgage was central to America's transformation from a nation of renters to homeowners. The early FHA really created the modern American housing finance system, as well as the look and feel of postwar suburban communities.Recently, the FHA has come under attack for the poor execution of some of its policies to expand homeownership, particularly minority homeownership. Leading commentators have called for the federal government to stop employing the FHA to do anything other than provide liquidity to the low end of the mortgage market. These critics' arguments rely on a couple of examples of programs that were clearly failures, but they fail to address the FHA's long history of undertaking comparable initiatives. This Article takes the long view and demonstrates that the FHA has a history of successfully undertaking new homeownership programs. At the same time, the Article identifies flaws in the FHA model that should be addressed in order to prevent them from occurring if the FHA were to undertake similar initiatives to expand homeownership opportunities in the future, particularly for African-American households.
Download or read book Race for Profit written by Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LONGLISTED FOR THE 2019 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD FINALIST, 2020 PULITZER PRIZE IN HISTORY By the late 1960s and early 1970s, reeling from a wave of urban uprisings, politicians finally worked to end the practice of redlining. Reasoning that the turbulence could be calmed by turning Black city-dwellers into homeowners, they passed the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968, and set about establishing policies to induce mortgage lenders and the real estate industry to treat Black homebuyers equally. The disaster that ensued revealed that racist exclusion had not been eradicated, but rather transmuted into a new phenomenon of predatory inclusion. Race for Profit uncovers how exploitative real estate practices continued well after housing discrimination was banned. The same racist structures and individuals remained intact after redlining's end, and close relationships between regulators and the industry created incentives to ignore improprieties. Meanwhile, new policies meant to encourage low-income homeownership created new methods to exploit Black homeowners. The federal government guaranteed urban mortgages in an attempt to overcome resistance to lending to Black buyers – as if unprofitability, rather than racism, was the cause of housing segregation. Bankers, investors, and real estate agents took advantage of the perverse incentives, targeting the Black women most likely to fail to keep up their home payments and slip into foreclosure, multiplying their profits. As a result, by the end of the 1970s, the nation's first programs to encourage Black homeownership ended with tens of thousands of foreclosures in Black communities across the country. The push to uplift Black homeownership had descended into a goldmine for realtors and mortgage lenders, and a ready-made cudgel for the champions of deregulation to wield against government intervention of any kind. Narrating the story of a sea-change in housing policy and its dire impact on African Americans, Race for Profit reveals how the urban core was transformed into a new frontier of cynical extraction.
Download or read book At the Boundaries of Homeownership written by Chloe N. Thurston and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, homeownership is synonymous with economic security and middle-class status. It has played this role in American life for almost a century, and as a result, homeownership's centrality to Americans' economic lives has come to seem natural and inevitable. But this state of affairs did not develop spontaneously or inexorably. On the contrary, it was the product of federal government policies, established during the 1930s and developed over the course of the twentieth century. At the Boundaries of Homeownership traces how the government's role in this became submerged from public view and how several groups who were locked out of homeownership came to recognize and reveal the role of the government. Through organizing and activism, these boundary groups transformed laws and private practices governing determinations of credit-worthiness. This book describes the important policy consequences of their achievements and the implications for how we understand American statebuilding.
Download or read book Race Financial Institutions Credit Discrimination And African American Homeownership In Philadelphia 1880 1960 written by III Charles Nier (Lewis) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History
Download or read book America s Homeownership Gap written by United States Conference of Mayors and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Color of Law A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America written by Richard Rothstein and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-02 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York Times Bestseller • Notable Book of the Year • Editors' Choice Selection One of Bill Gates’ “Amazing Books” of the Year One of Publishers Weekly’s 10 Best Books of the Year Longlisted for the National Book Award for Nonfiction An NPR Best Book of the Year Winner of the Hillman Prize for Nonfiction Gold Winner • California Book Award (Nonfiction) Finalist • Los Angeles Times Book Prize (History) Finalist • Brooklyn Public Library Literary Prize This “powerful and disturbing history” exposes how American governments deliberately imposed racial segregation on metropolitan areas nationwide (New York Times Book Review). Widely heralded as a “masterful” (Washington Post) and “essential” (Slate) history of the modern American metropolis, Richard Rothstein’s The Color of Law offers “the most forceful argument ever published on how federal, state, and local governments gave rise to and reinforced neighborhood segregation” (William Julius Wilson). Exploding the myth of de facto segregation arising from private prejudice or the unintended consequences of economic forces, Rothstein describes how the American government systematically imposed residential segregation: with undisguised racial zoning; public housing that purposefully segregated previously mixed communities; subsidies for builders to create whites-only suburbs; tax exemptions for institutions that enforced segregation; and support for violent resistance to African Americans in white neighborhoods. A groundbreaking, “virtually indispensable” study that has already transformed our understanding of twentieth-century urban history (Chicago Daily Observer), The Color of Law forces us to face the obligation to remedy our unconstitutional past.
Download or read book The Impact of Federal Housing Policy on Urban African American Families 1930 1966 written by James E. King and published by Austin & Winfield Publishers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To what extent did the Federal Housing Act of 1966 impact on the housing conditions of urban African-American families? Three decades later, this exclusive study seeks to evaluate the results of the most comprehensive urban development program ever passed by Congress: the Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act of 1966, whose primary intent was the revitalization of inner American cities, where a majority of urban African-Americans live. After providing a thorough review of federal housing policy in the twentieth century, King analyzes the social, political, and economic factors that shaped the Development Act of 1966; discusses its implementation; and evaluates the influence of the act on the lives of African-Americans. A comprehensive survey of American housing policy, this major study offers thought-provoking conclusions on the distribution of resources in the United States and an overall evaluation of federal housing policy that will be of interest to all involved in African-American studies and sociology as well as public policy.
Download or read book Underwriting Manual written by United States. Federal Housing Administration and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underwriting Manual written by United States. Federal Housing Administration and published by . This book was released on 1936-04 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Housing in America written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Federal Housing Administration Single Family Program Property Disposition written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How the Federal Housing Administration Affects Homeownership written by Albert Monroe and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Home Ownership for Lower Income Families written by United States Commission on Civil Rights and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Housing in America Oversight of the Federal Housing Administration Serial No 114 3 February 11 2015 114 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Showing America a New Way Home written by James A. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since 1968 Fannie Mae, the nation's largest financial institution and a major force in the housing market, has provided more than $1.5 trillion in housing financing. Fannie Mae's chairman and CEO James A. Johnson - the most significant leader in our country's housing finance system - has dedicated his organization to reducing housing costs, eliminating mortgage discrimination, and expanding opportunities for the millions of Americans who dream of owning their own homes. In this book, Johnson explains the major forces shaping current patterns of home ownership and describes new ways of making homes more affordable to all Americans. He shows how recent forces like the investor-based mortgage system, advances in technology, changing demographics, and other factors are converging to create the greatest increase in home ownership since the post-World War II housing boom." "Johnson reveals the details of the plans Fannie Mae is pursuing in order to increase home ownership, strengthen the housing industry and boost the economy. He relates the history of home ownership to the cultural, economic, and political landscape of the United States. And his exploration of discrimination and the many other barriers that keep people from buying homes today will be of particular interest to real estate executives, mortgage bankers, community leaders, policy makers, and potential home owners."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download or read book A World More Concrete written by N.D.B. Connolly and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people characterize urban renewal projects and the power of eminent domain as two of the most widely despised and often racist tools for reshaping American cities in the postwar period. In A World More Concrete, N. D. B. Connolly uses the history of South Florida to unearth an older and far more complex story. Connolly captures nearly eighty years of political and land transactions to reveal how real estate and redevelopment created and preserved metropolitan growth and racial peace under white supremacy. Using a materialist approach, he offers a long view of capitalism and the color line, following much of the money that made land taking and Jim Crow segregation profitable and preferred approaches to governing cities throughout the twentieth century. A World More Concrete argues that black and white landlords, entrepreneurs, and even liberal community leaders used tenements and repeated land dispossession to take advantage of the poor and generate remarkable wealth. Through a political culture built on real estate, South Florida’s landlords and homeowners advanced property rights and white property rights, especially, at the expense of more inclusive visions of equality. For black people and many of their white allies, uses of eminent domain helped to harden class and color lines. Yet, for many reformers, confiscating certain kinds of real estate through eminent domain also promised to help improve housing conditions, to undermine the neighborhood influence of powerful slumlords, and to open new opportunities for suburban life for black Floridians. Concerned more with winners and losers than with heroes and villains, A World More Concrete offers a sober assessment of money and power in Jim Crow America. It shows how negotiations between powerful real estate interests on both sides of the color line gave racial segregation a remarkable capacity to evolve, revealing property owners’ power to reshape American cities in ways that can still be seen and felt today.
Download or read book HUD Statistical Yearbook written by United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
