Download or read book The Fate of Western Hungary 1918 1921 written by József Botlik and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: József Botlik (1949-) PhD, researcher of minorities, historian, lecturer of the School of Philosophy of the Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem [Peter Pazmany Catholic University]. He had been studying, for the past four decades, the turbulent history of the 3.5 million ethnic Magyars torn from Hungary by the June 4, 1920 Peace Treaty of Trianon. He has written 15 books and 200 papers on the subject, as well as 80 radio and television programs. His major research region has been Sub-Carpathia [Ruthenia] but his works also cover the changing situation of Hungarians in the former Hungarian territories of Northern Hungary, Transylvania and Vovodina. His current book takes the reader to western Hungary, which burst into flames in the aftermath of the unjust Trianon decision. Here, the territorial robbers of Hungary cast their eyes on an area, populated not only by Hungarians but also Germans, Croats and Vends (Slovenes), who never wanted to be separated fro the country. Making use of all the printed and archival material, the well-written monograph clearly presents the plans and claims of not only the Entente Great Powers but also those of Austria, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Serbia. He outlines national political struggles of the country recovering from the shock of the two traitorous 'revolutions' of 1918-1919. He discusses in detail the glorious revolution of August-September 1921 in western Hungary, in legitimate response to the perfidious actions of its former ally, Austria. In contradiction to the earlier Marxist-Communist historiographic practice, this work does justice to the brave effort made by the state of Lajtabánság [Lajta-Banat-ed] (October 4 - November 4, 1921), created after the Austrians were ejected from western Hungary. Finally, it confirms the role of this brave national resistance in forcing the December 14-16, 1921 plebiscite in Sopron, as a result of which the town of Sopron and surrounding villages were returned to Hungary, and salvaging a small measure of national honor. -- Book cover.
Download or read book The White Terror written by Béla Bodó and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The White Terror was a movement of right-wing militias that for two years actively tracked down, tortured, and murdered members of the Jewish community, as well as former supporters of the short-lived Council Republic in the years following World War I. It can be argued that this example of a programme of virulent antisemitism laid the foundations for Hungarian participation in the Holocaust. Given the rightward shift of Hungarian politics today, this book has a particular resonance in re-examining the social and historical context of the White Terror.
Download or read book The Marne 15 July 6 August 1918 written by Stephen C. McGeorge and Mason W. Watson and published by . This book was released on with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Post World War One Plebiscites and Their Legacies written by Sergiusz Bober and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plebiscites, or referendums, are epitomes of direct democracy and the right of self-determination. While direct democracy has always been a key subject in the theory and practice of western liberal democracies, the issue of self-determination has been propelled to the fore by the hegemonistic moves of Russia. By providing a historical analysis of the post-World War One plebiscites, this book deals with enduring, painfully contemporary, and in in any case fundamental, concepts. The contributors to this edited volume approach the referendums comparatively. After grounding the analysis theoretically, the authors look at detailed aspects of individual cases, with the two plebiscites held in the Danish-German border region of Schleswig in the winter of 1920 as points of departure. They then extend the exploration through the inter-war period and address the effects of border delimitations on everyday life or gender roles in the context of ethnic mobilization. Finally, the book places the post-World War One plebiscites in a long-term perspective. The concluding essays assess, among others, the applicability of plebiscitary solutions to contemporary conflicts, taking into consideration issues of borders, religion, language, identity, and minority rights.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Ends of Empire written by Martin Thomas and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.
Download or read book The Decline of the West written by Oswald Spengler and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1991 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spengler's work describes how we have entered into a centuries-long "world-historical" phase comparable to late antiquity, and his controversial ideas spark debate over the meaning of historiography.
Download or read book War in Peace written by Robert Gerwarth and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-03 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First World War did not end in November 1918. In Russia and Eastern Europe it finished up to a year earlier, and both there and elsewhere in Europe it triggered conflicts that lasted down to 1923. Paramilitary formations were prominent in this continuation of the war. They had some features of formal military organizations, but were used in opposition to the regular military as an instrument of revolution or as an adjunct or substitute for military forces when these were unable by themselves to put down a revolution (whether class or national). Paramilitary violence thus arose in different contexts. It was an important aspect of the violence unleashed by class revolution in Russia. It structured the counter-revolution in central and Eastern Europe, including Finland and Italy, which reacted against a mythic version of Bolshevik class violence in the name of order and authority. It also shaped the struggles over borders and ethnicity in the new states that replaced the multi-national empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey. It was prominent on all sides in the wars for Irish independence. In many cases, paramilitary violence was charged with political significance and acquired a long-lasting symbolism and influence. War in Peace explores the differences and similarities between these various kinds of paramilitary violence within one volume for the first time. It thereby contributes to our understanding of the difficult transitions from war to peace. It also helps to re-situate the Great War in a longer-term context and to explain its enduring impact.
Download or read book The Birth of the Austrian Republic 1918 1921 written by Karl R. Stadler and published by Leyden, Sijthoff. This book was released on 1966 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Vanquished written by Robert Gerwarth and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-11-15 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An "account of the continuing ethnic and state violence after the end of WWI--conflicts that more than anything else set the stage for WWII"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Revival After the Great War written by Luc Verpoest and published by Leuven University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges of post-war recovery from social and political reform to architectural design In the months and years immediately following the First World War, the many (European) countries that had formed its battleground were confronted with daunting challenges. These challenges varied according to the countries' earlier role and degree of involvement in the war but were without exception enormous. The contributors to this book analyse how this was not only a matter of rebuilding ravaged cities and destroyed infrastructure, but also of repairing people’s damaged bodies and upended daily lives, and rethinking and reforming societal, economic and political structures. These processes took place against the backdrop of mass mourning and remembrance, political violence and economic crisis. At the same time, the post-war tabula rasa offered many opportunities for innovation in various areas of society, from social and political reform to architectural design. The wide scope of post-war recovery and revival is reflected in the different sections of this book: rebuild, remember, repair, and reform. It offers insights into post-war revival in Western European countries such as Belgium, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Portugal, Spain, and Italy, as well as into how their efforts were perceived outside of Europe, for instance in Argentina and the United States.
Download or read book Our International Education written by Sherry Marx and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What makes a person pack up and move to another country? What does she or he hope to gain from the experience? How do children fit into the picture? Our International Education presents the stories of three American women, a university professor, a high school math teacher, and a high school English as a second language teacher, who move to Hungary for a year to teach. Each woman brings her young children and enrolls them in local Hungarian public schools though none of them speak Hungarian at the beginning of the experience. The autoethnographic stories that make up Our International Education weave together the personal and professional dimensions of life abroad, illuminating not only the realities of negotiating work, school, and family life in another country, but also the complexities of cultural adjustment and second language acquisition. First-person storytelling makes this book a compelling read for those considering a move abroad with their family, and an excellent supplemental narrative for those studying second language acquisition, acculturation, autoethnography, and international education. “These interconnected stories of three women and their children living in Hungary offer an alternately uplifting and heartrending look at what families face when overseas. The co-authors present a deeply personal and vivid account of their bold adventure, from the initial thrill to the gradual revelation that life abroad is not always the carefree romp that some might perceive. Our International Education masterfully demonstrates the unequivocal impact of cross-cultural understanding.” – Eleni Kounalakis, United States Ambassador to Hungary 2010-2013 and author of Madam Ambassador: Three Years of Diplomacy, Dinner Parties, and Democracy in Budapest.
Download or read book In the Midst of Civilized Europe written by Jeffrey Veidlinger and published by Metropolitan Books. This book was released on 2021-10-26 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FINALIST FOR THE NATIONAL JEWISH BOOK AWARD * SHORTLISTED FOR THE LIONEL GELBER PRIZE “The mass killings of Jews from 1918 to 1921 are a bridge between local pogroms and the extermination of the Holocaust. No history of that Jewish catastrophe comes close to the virtuosity of research, clarity of prose, and power of analysis of this extraordinary book. As the horror of events yields to empathetic understanding, the reader is grateful to Veidlinger for reminding us what history can do.” —Timothy Snyder, author of Bloodlands Between 1918 and 1921, over a hundred thousand Jews were murdered in Ukraine by peasants, townsmen, and soldiers who blamed the Jews for the turmoil of the Russian Revolution. In hundreds of separate incidents, ordinary people robbed their Jewish neighbors with impunity, burned down their houses, ripped apart their Torah scrolls, sexually assaulted them, and killed them. Largely forgotten today, these pogroms—ethnic riots—dominated headlines and international affairs in their time. Aid workers warned that six million Jews were in danger of complete extermination. Twenty years later, these dire predictions would come true. Drawing upon long-neglected archival materials, including thousands of newly discovered witness testimonies, trial records, and official orders, acclaimed historian Jeffrey Veidlinger shows for the first time how this wave of genocidal violence created the conditions for the Holocaust. Through stories of survivors, perpetrators, aid workers, and governmental officials, he explains how so many different groups of people came to the same conclusion: that killing Jews was an acceptable response to their various problems. In riveting prose, In the Midst of Civilized Europe repositions the pogroms as a defining moment of the twentieth century.
Download or read book The First World War and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy 1914 1918 written by Manfried Rauchensteiner and published by Böhlau Verlag Wien. This book was released on 2014 with total page 1188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins of World War I were different and varied. But it was Austria-Hungary which unleashed the war. After more than four years the Habsburg Monarchy was defeated and ended as a failed state.
Download or read book The Bolsheviks and the Red Army 1918 1921 written by Francesco Benvenuti and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1988-10-28 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of the military agency of the Soviet state is a crucial but neglected aspect of inter-war Soviet history, and in this pioneering study Francesco Benvenuti provides a detailed analysis of the politics (as opposed to the operational activities) of the Red Army during the Civil War. Several historians have suggested that the roots of Stalinism may be found in the Bolshevik experience during the Civil War, and Benvenuti shows that the military opposition inside the party was much stronger than conventionally supposed: Trotsky's subsequent political weakness owed much to his ruthless pursuit of military goals not always in direct harmony with party interests, as did his technocratic attempts to extend the role of specialist advisers at the expense of party officials.
Download or read book The Jews of Hungary written by Raphael Patai and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 1996-01-05 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This mindset kept them apart and isolated from the Jewries of the Western world until overtaken by the tragedy of the Holocaust in the closing months of World War II.
Download or read book The Economic Organization of War Communism 1918 1921 written by Silvana Malle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An assessment of the first Soviet economic system, comparing programmes with outsomes, and theory with practice.
Download or read book Command Of The Air written by General Giulio Douhet and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the pantheon of air power spokesmen, Giulio Douhet holds center stage. His writings, more often cited than perhaps actually read, appear as excerpts and aphorisms in the writings of numerous other air power spokesmen, advocates-and critics. Though a highly controversial figure, the very controversy that surrounds him offers to us a testimonial of the value and depth of his work, and the need for airmen today to become familiar with his thought. The progressive development of air power to the point where, today, it is more correct to refer to aerospace power has not outdated the notions of Douhet in the slightest In fact, in many ways, the kinds of technological capabilities that we enjoy as a global air power provider attest to the breadth of his vision. Douhet, together with Hugh “Boom” Trenchard of Great Britain and William “Billy” Mitchell of the United States, is justly recognized as one of the three great spokesmen of the early air power era. This reprint is offered in the spirit of continuing the dialogue that Douhet himself so perceptively began with the first edition of this book, published in 1921. Readers may well find much that they disagree with in this book, but also much that is of enduring value. The vital necessity of Douhet’s central vision-that command of the air is all important in modern warfare-has been proven throughout the history of wars in this century, from the fighting over the Somme to the air war over Kuwait and Iraq.
