Download or read book EU Regulation of GMOs written by Maria Lee and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lee s book is a valuable addition to the literature for those wishing to broaden their understanding of the range of legal disciplines involved in GMO regulation. Tracey Epps, European Review of Agricultural Economics Maria Lee s work is a successful attempt to illustrate the big legal issues behind the regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This study, which is thorough and well documented, is particularly welcomed in view of the need for a dialogue between different legal specialisms for which GMOs are a relevant area of research. . . [The] book provides a very interesting and insightful examination of the legal problems raised by GMOs. I would warmly recommend its reading to academics and practitioners who are interested in European risk regulation law, environmental law, biotechnology and trade law. Sara Poli, European Law Review Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are an extraordinary innovation. They raise great expectations of economic prosperity and improved capacity to address pressing problems of poverty and environmental degradation, whilst simultaneously raising great concerns about the type of social and physical world they promise. Finding space in regulation to consider the full range of issues provoked by GMOs is a huge challenge. This book explores the EU s elaborate regulatory framework for GMOs, which extends far beyond the process of their authorisation (or not) for the EU market, embracing disparate legal disciplines including intellectual property, consumer protection and civil liability. The regulation of GMOs also highlights questions of EU legitimacy in a context of multi-level governance, both internally towards national and local government, and externally in a world where technologies and their regulation have global impacts. This book will be of interest to academics and students in both law and social sciences, as well as practising lawyers and policy makers. It addresses questions that are significant for those involved in environmental or food issues, as well as specialists in GMOs.

Download or read book Biotechnology Regulation and GMOs written by Naveen Thayyil and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-28 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoughtful book explores how EU law treats serious disagreements about the development and use of a radically new technology like genetic modification. Relevant EU laws are examined to analyse the room available, or possible, for public participat

Download or read book EU Policy Making on GMOs written by Mihalis Kritikos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development and implementation of the EU’s legislative framework on the commercial release of GMO products as a case study of social regulation operating within a predominantly technical framework. The analysis and findings are based on an extensive documentary analysis and interviews with regulators, risk assessors, public interest groups and biotechnology experts at the national and European levels. It argues that in the case of the EU biotechnology framework, the particular institutional settings created for the formulation and interpretation of its provisions have been of decisive importance in elaborating a proceduralised ‘science-based’ prior authorization scheme as the preferred framework for granting commercial permits. This interdisciplinary work will appeal to EU lawyers, decision-makers and risk managers as well as academics working in the fields of EU studies, politics, law, risk governance sociology of science/risk and technology assessment. The book is based on a PhD thesis that was awarded with the 2008 UACES Prize for the Best Thesis in European Studies in Europe and with the EPEES 1st Prize for the Best Thesis written by a Greek Researcher between 2004 and 2008.

Download or read book The EU Legislation on GMOs written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are officially defined in the European legislation as "organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination". The application of this technology is strictly regulated, and the European Union (EU) has established an extensive legal framework on GMOs since the early 1990s. The entire corpus of EU legislation on GMOs has been amended between 2000 and 2003, leading to the creation of a whole updated EU legal framework on GMOs as of 2003. A key objective of the EU legislation on GMOs is to protect human and animal health as well as the environment. A genetically modified organism (GMO) or a food or feed product derived from a GMO can only be placed on the EU market after it has been authorised, on the basis of a stringent EU procedure based on a scientific assessment of the risks to health and to the environment. The EU legislation on GMOs also aims at providing information to EU consumers through mandatory GM labeling of food and feed products containing, consisting of or produced from GMOs. The GMO analysis plays a key role in the implementation of the EU legislation on GMOs, be it to ensure appropriate labeling of approved GMO products or to detect the possible presence of unapproved GMOs on the market. The present report provides an overview of the key provisions of this extensive EU legislation on GMOs. It also includes copy of the key EU regulatory texts on GMOs.

Download or read book EU Food Law and Policy written by Debra Holland and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To all appearances, Europe is at present undergoing a crisis of consumer confidence with respect to the food industry. Recent food scares, the genetically-modified food controversy, a growing public awareness of the environmental footprint of intensive farming methods, and a perceived threat to the deeply-held European cultural values surrounding diet and cuisine all have combined to expose the vulnerability of consumers in the very ordinary activity of purchasing food. Although the creation of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in February 2002 can be viewed as an EU response to this crisis, it in fact represents an inevitable milestone in a body of food-specific European legislation and case law that has been growing for many years. The EFSA does, however, clearly establish food law as an autonomous branch of EU law. This is the first book to survey and analyse this body of law in depth, drawing together the relevant laws and cases and taking stock of the trends and likely future developments in this dynamic and emotive area of law and policy. elucidates the scope of European food law by investigating several avenues and facets of the subject, including the following: its underpinnings in Article 3 of the EC Treaty, on the free movement of goods;the principle of mutual recognition among Member States;case law developments concerning composition of foodstuffs, labelling, sales promotion, advertising, and other aspects of food production and distribution;aims and policies of the January 2000 White Paper on Food Safety issued by the European Commission;appropriate hygiene standards; andauthorisation and labelling of GMOs. Because food is such a central and essential element in society, food law has far-reaching economic, social, and environmental consequences. And because Europe's new food safety regime is intended, by an extraordinary unanimity of Member States and major political groups, to be the most up-to-date and effective in the world, a broad range of legal practitioners and scholars, social scientists, and policymakers will greatly appreciate this thoroughgoing and insightful analysis.

Download or read book Genetically Engineered Crops written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.

Download or read book The EU Legislation on GMOs written by Damien Plan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are officially defined in the European legislation as "organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination". The application of this technology is strictly regulated, and the European Union (EU) has established an extensive legal framework on GMOs since the early 1990s. The entire corpus of EU legislation on GMOs has been amended between 2000 and 2003, leading to the creation of a whole updated EU legal framework on GMOs as of 2003.A key objective of the EU legislation on GMOs is to protect human and animal health as well as the environment. A genetically modified organism (GMO) or a food or feed product derived from a GMO can only be placed on the EU market after it has been authorised, on the basis of a stringent EU procedure based on a scientific assessment of the risks to health and to the environment. The EU legislation on GMOs also aims at providing information to EU consumers through mandatory GM labeling of food and feed products containing, consisting of or produced from GMOs. The GMO analysis plays a key role in the implementation of the EU legislation on GMOs, be it to ensure appropriate labeling of approved GMO products or to detect the possible presence of unapproved GMOs on the market. The present report provides an overview of the key provisions of this extensive EU legislation on GMOs. It also includes copy of the key EU regulatory texts on GMO. (EU Bookshop website).

Download or read book When Cooperation Fails written by Mark A. Pollack and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transatlantic dispute over genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has brought into conflict the United States and the European Union, two long-time allies and economically interdependent democracies with a long record of successful cooperation. Yet the dispute - pitting a largely acceptant US against an EU deeply suspicious of GMOs - has developed into one of the most bitter and intractable transatlantic and global conflicts, resisting efforts at negotiated resolution and resulting in a bitterly contested legal battle before the World Trade Organization. Professors Pollack and Shaffer investigate the obstacles to reconciling regulatory differences among nations through international cooperation, using the lens of the GMO dispute. The book addresses the dynamic interactions of domestic law and politics, transnational networks, international regimes, and global markets, through a theoretically grounded and empirically comprehensive analysis of the governance of GM foods and crops. They demonstrate that the deeply politicized, entrenched and path-dependent nature of the regulation of GMOs in the US and the EU has fundamentally shaped negotiations and decision-making at the international level, limiting the prospects for deliberation and providing incentives for both sides to engage in hard bargaining and to "shop" for favorable international forums. They then assess the impacts, and the limits, of international pressures on domestic US and European law, politics and business practice, which have remained strikingly resistant to change. International cooperation in areas like GMO regulation, the authors conclude, must overcome multiple obstacles, legal and political, domestic and international. Any effective response to this persistent dispute, they argue, must recognize both the obstacles to successful cooperation, and the options that remain for each side when cooperation fails.

Download or read book When Cooperation Fails written by Mark A. Pollack and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dispute over genetically modified organisms has brought the US and the EU into conflict. This book examines the dynamic interactions of domestic law and politics, transnational networks, international regimes, and global markets, through a theoretically grounded and empirically comprehensive analysis of the governance of GM foods and crops.

Download or read book The Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms written by Luc Bodiguel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) continues to generate controversy. On the one hand, they are actively promoted by the biotechnology industry as vital to ensuring food security. Yet, on the other hand, consumer resistance persists, not least in the European Union, and such lack of confidence extends not just to GM food itself but also to the regulatory regime, where legal issues are inextricably linked with economics and politics. This edited collection provides a novel contribution to the ongoing debate, recognizing that the legislative environment is complicated by forces as varied as national public opinion and world trade commitments. The book is divided into four parts. The first of these addresses the influence in this context of both civil society and economic imperatives. The second part is directed more specifically to the measures that have been implemented in the European Union, considering multi-level governance, wider aspects of food law, co-existence with conventional and organic crops, and environmental liability. The third part is comparative in focus, with chapters covering the diverse regimes implemented in Africa, Australia, North America and South America. The book concludes with chapters on world trade and international considerations, including analysis of the Biotech case.

Download or read book Genetically Modified Food written by Marie Kreipe and published by Diplomica Verlag. This book was released on 2010 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The controversial issue of genetically modified (GM) food is discussed in this book. While the United States (US) is a strong supporter of GM technology having adopted a rather lax regulation of trade with GM products, the European Union (EU) is representing a sceptical position towards this new technology and has even imposed a de facto moratorium on further approval of GM products from 1998 to 2004. The purpose of this book is an extensive analysis of the current status on risks and benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and a suggestion on how an appropriate regulation of GM products could be derived. Potential guidelines are provided for policy formulation both in a qualitative and in a quantitative dimension. The US is applying the principle of substantial equivalence, which means that GM products are in their substance identical to products produced by conventional methods. Therefore, no new regulations are necessary for the trade with GM products. In contrast, the European Union (EU) disagrees that GM products are equivalent to their conventional counterparts due to the different production process. Instead, the EU refers to the precautionary principle in its GMO policy, meaning that trade with GM products should be restricted until it will be proven that no additional risks are implied by the use of these products. The divergence of opinions about the right policy to regulate GM products has significant impacts on trade flows and welfare effects. The US and the EU have already tried to resolve their dispute before the World Trade Organization (WTO). Relevant laws of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the WTO are presented as well as indications for a potential consensus.

Download or read book Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology written by Hans-Georg Dederer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides in-depth insights into the regulatory frameworks of five countries and the EU concerning the regulation of genome edited plants. The country reports form the basis for a comparative analysis of the various national regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in general and genome edited plants in particular, as well as the underlying regulatory approaches.The reports, which focus on the regulatory status quo of genome edited plants in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan and the USA, were written by distinguished experts following a uniform structure. On this basis, the legal frameworks are compared in order to foster a rational assessment of which approaches could be drawn upon to adjust, or to completely realign, the current EU regime for GMOs. In addition, a separate chapter identifies potential best practices for the regulation of plants derived from genome editing.

Download or read book Impact Analysis of the Joint Research Centre s Activities for the Regulation of GMOs in the European Union written by European Commission. Joint Research Centre and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents an analysis of impacts and results from the JRC's scientific and technical support for the implementation of the EU regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO). The report is complementary to the mandatory evaluations of the EU Research Framework Programmes. A Steering Group of independent external experts accompanied the preparation of the report and helped to carry out the analysis in an objective way. Over the last 20 years the JRC has built up a specialised laboratory infrastructure to validate procedures for detecting and measuring the concentration of GMOs in food and feed, to harmonise the tests and verification methods, and to produce the necessary reference materials for the various methods. Since 2003 it operates the designated EU Reference Laboratory (EURL) for GMOs, implementing the necessary verification tasks through the European Network of GMO Laboratories (ENGL). The report puts well in evidence the JRC's experience to establish a network of European laboratories to support EU food and- feed regulations using sophisticated DNA-based test methods. The report presents as most important impacts: The existence of a technical infrastructure in the EU that allows harmonised implementation of GMO legislation and regulations, including the availability of certified reference materials ; EU-wide agreed coexistence measures in national legislation to avoid the unintended presence of GMOs in conventional and organic crops based on objective data concerning the socio-economic aspects of GMOs ; the technical clarification of the EU zero-tolerance policy; an impact of which the history is elaborated in the case study in the report -- EU Bookshop.

Download or read book How to Reliably Test for GMOs written by Jana Žel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is becoming very complex, with new GMOs, approved and unapproved, constantly entering world markets. Traceability and labelling of GMOs is defined in regulations worldwide, demanding accurate and reliable testing to support the requirements of legislation. This Brief provides the current state-of-the-art on all key topics involved in GMO testing and is a source of detailed practical information for laboratories. Special focus is given to qualitative and quantitative real-time PCR analysis relevant to all areas where detection and identification rely on nucleic acid-based methods. The following topics, important for testing laboratories, are also discussed: organization of the laboratory, focusing on aspects of the quality system and methods for testing, validation and verification of methods, and measurement uncertainty. The Brief also discusses the new challenges of GMOs and novel modified organisms, using new technologies, and the possible solutions for GMO detection, including bioinformatics tools. Finally, legislation on GMOs and sources of information on GMOs are provided, which are relevant not only to testing laboratories, but to anyone interested in GMOs. The authors of this Brief have many years of experience in GMO testing, development of real-time PCR methods, implementation of quality system requirements, validations and verification of methods, and measurement uncertainty. The National Institute of Biology is a highly qualified research laboratory and a National Reference Laboratory, which also performs routine analyses of food, feed and seed. The Institute for Health and Consumer Protection of the European Union Joint Research Centre has extensive knowledge and experience of GMO detection. It hosts the European Union Reference Laboratory for GM Food and Feed in addition to chairing the European Network of GMO Laboratories.

Download or read book Genetically Modified Organisms and Regulations Concerning Biotechnological Products written by Iraz Haspolat Kaya and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, the world’s population is growing, but the amount of arable land is decreasing. About 820 million people around the world are suffering from hunger. On the other side, agricultural mega-companies are making billions of dollars from growing genetically modified organisms (GMOs). GMOs grow faster and in greater numbers. This book investigates many concerns resulting from the demand for these products and the legal perspectives surrounding these products.

Download or read book Risk Regulation in the Internal Market written by Maria Weimer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a topical inquiry into the legal and political limits of EU regulation in the field of risk and new technologies surrounded by techno-scientific complexity, uncertainty, and societal contestation. It uses agricultural biotechnology as a paradigmatic example to illustrate the complex intertwinement between environmental, public health, economic and social concerns in risk regulation. Weimer analyses the drawbacks of the EU approach to agricultural biotechnology showing that its reductionism, i.e. the narrow understanding of GMO risks as well as the exclusion of broader societal concerns related to environmental and social sustainability, has undermined both the legitimacy and effectiveness of EU regulation in this area. Resistance to this approach however has also triggered legal innovations prompting us to re-think EU internal market law, including the way in which it manages the tensions between unity and diversity, and between social and economic concerns. This text offers fresh and original insights into how far the EU can go in harmonizing regulatory approaches to risk. At the same time, it proposes new ways of re-thinking EU risk regulation to make it more responsive to different perspectives on risk and technology. A unique feature of this book is that it contributes to various strains of scholarship including risk regulation, internal market law, public administration, and studies of governance and regulation, as well as connecting these themes to broader debates about the legitimacy of European integration and new ways of differentiated integration. As a result it assists in re-imagining the EU internal market and its regulation as a site of diversity.

Download or read book Genetic Technology and Food Safety written by Roland Norer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume gives an overview on how legislators all over the world have come up with different legal solutions for governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and food security and provides a compact summary of the existing regulations in this field. In a comparative legal approach, a general report analyses and compares these various national and supranational legal systems. It closely follows the newest developments at the interface between genetic engineering law and food law. The emergence of a new technology usually leads to fundamental questions as to how the law should respond to it. The regulation of genetically modified organisms is a prime example, they have been discussed controversially ever since they were subject of legislation and regulation. In particular, this applies to the use of GMOs in food production. There is a variety of interesting legislations and a differentiated width of legal frameworks on international, supranational (EU) and national level to be found. The different regulations that thereby came to light are evidence of the various opinions and policies the societies and states have developed on this matter. It is this variety of regulations the volume examines, primarily on the basis of national reports that were handed in concerning the topic of genetic technology and food security at the occasion of the XIX International Congress of Comparative Law.