Download or read book The equation of state of an ionized gas written by Donald Paul Duclos and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The equation of state of an ionized gas has been investigated for electron densities below about 10(22 power) per cubic centimeter and temperatures below about 1,000,000 K. The gas is assumed to be monatomic, electrically neutral, and in thermodynamic equilibrium, but the composition of the gas is arbitrary, that is multiple ionization of any degree is allowed. The perfect gas approximation is found to be valid for electron densities at least as high as 10(16 power) per cubic centimeter, and in some cases, even higher. It is shown that approximations to the perfect gas expressions can be made which will greatly simplify calculations. It is also shown that blackbody radiation may be important at low densities. The classical corrections to the perfect gas expressions due to electrostatic forces and the finite size of particles which are obtained from the theories of Debye and Hucke, Mayer, and others, are investigated, and their limits of validity are determined. In some cases, improved expressions are derived and suitable approximations are suggested. It is noted that a fundamental weakness of the results based on the these theories is that a basic parameter, the distance of closest approach of charged particles, is not known accurately. Several approximate expressions for this distance are given. Quantum corrections for electron degeneracy and electron interactions are also given. Theories which are applicable at higher densities and temperatures than those of interest in this investigation are also discussed briefly. Finally, the equation of state of a dense, slightly ionized gas is derived.
Download or read book The Equation of State of an Ionized Gas Part Ii written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Equation of State of an Ionized Gas written by United States. Department of the Air Force. Arnold Engineering Development Center, Tullahoma, Tenn and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Equation of State of an Ionized Gas written by George K. Bienkowski and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Equations of Motion for a Completely Ionized Gas written by Pennsylvania State University. Ionosphere Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annotated Bibliography of Theories of the Equation of State of Ionized Gases and Strong Electrolyte Solutions written by Stephen G. Brush and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shock Wave Structure in a Fully Ionized Gas Based on Multi component Fluid Theory written by Huon Li and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multi-component continuous approach for the investigation of the gasdynamics of a plasma is presented. More information about the flow properties of a plasma can be obtained than from the classical magnetohydrodynamic approach. Also, the resulting equations appear to be more easily solved than the Blotzmann equation of classical kinetic theory. The basic macroscopic conservation equations for a non-reacting multi-component plasma are presented. The fluid properties of each component are referred to the mean velocity of that component. Therefore, no limitations are placed on the magnitude of the diffusion velocities. The effects of electric and magnetic fields are included. The equations for a two-component mixture are used to study the structure of a shock wave in a fully-ionized hydrogen gas. It is assumed that the momentum exchange and energy exchange between the ions and electrons are important because of the strong Coulomb forces present. (Author).
Download or read book Annotated Bibliography of Theories of the Equation of State of Ionized Gases and Strong Electrolyte Solutions written by Carl J. Wensrich and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionized Gases written by A. Von Engel and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to the Theory of Ionized Gases written by Jean L. Delcroix and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foundations of High Energy Density Physics written by Jon Larsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable and complete resource that brings together many of the branches of physics needed in high-energy-density physics. Targeted at research scientists and graduate students in physics and astrophysics, this book begins with basic concepts and develops a detailed explanation of the physics of hydrodynamics and energy transport in plasma.
Download or read book Series of Lectures on Physics of Ionized Gases written by Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concerning the Equation of State for Partially Ionized System written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I will discuss the expansion of various thermodynamic quantities about the ideal gas in powers of the electric charge, and I will discuss some cellular models. The first type of cellular model is appropriate for hydrogen. The second type is for Z> 1. It has the independent electron approximation within the atoms. These models are cross compared and minimal regions of validity are determined. The actual region of validity is expected to be larger. In the cellular models, the phase boundaries for liquid-gas transitions are found. For the second type of cellular model, in the part of the low-temperature, low-density region where there is not much expectation of validity of these methods, a non-thermodynamic region is found. I have devised a construction, similar in spirit to the Maxwell construction, to bridge this region so as to leave a thermodynamically valid equation of state. The non-thermodynamic region does not occur in hydrogen and it seems to be due to the inadequacy of the aforementioned approximation in that region.
Download or read book Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering written by Joseph J. S. Shang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive review and usable problem-solving techniques for aerospace engineering plasma applications.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ionized Gases written by Boris M. Smirnov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-19 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and readily accessible work for studying the physics of ionized gases, based on "Physics of Ionized Gases". The focus remains on fundamentals rather than on the details required for interesting but difficult applications, such as magnetic confinement fusion, or the phenomena that occur with extremely high-intensity short-pulse lasers. However, this new work benefits from much rearranging of the subject matter within each topic, resulting in a more coherent structure. There are also some significant additions, many of which relate to clusters, while other enlarged sections include plasmas in the atmosphere and their applications. In each case, the emphasis is on a clear and unified understanding of the basic physics that underlies all plasma phenomena. Thus, there are chapters on plasma behavior from the viewpoint of atomic and molecular physics, as well as on the macroscopic phenomena involved in physical kinetics of plasmas and the transport of radiation and of charged particles within plasmas. With this grounding in the fundamental physics of plasmas, the notoriously difficult subjects of nonlinear phenomena and of instabilities in plasmas can then be treated with comprehensive clarity. The work is rounded off with appendices containing information and data of great importance and relevance that are not easily found in other books. Valuable reading for graduate and PhD physics students, and a reference for researchers in low-temperature ionized gases-plasma processing, edge region fusion plasma physics, and atmospheric plasmas.
Download or read book NASA Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Approximate Thermodynamics State Relations in Partially Ionized Gas Mixtures written by J. D. Ramshaw and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In practical applications, the thermodynamic state relations of partially ionized gas mixtures are usually approximated in terms of the state relations of the pure partially ionized constituent gases or materials in isolation. Such approximations are ordinarily based on an artificial partitioning or separation of the mixture into its constituent materials, with material k regarded as being confined by itself within a compartment or subvolume with volume fraction {alpha}k and possessing a fraction {beta}k of the total internal energy of the mixture. In a mixture of N materials, the quantities {alpha}k and {beta}k constitute an additional 2N--2 independent variables. The most common procedure for determining these variables, and hence the state relations for the mixture, is to require that the subvolumes all have the same temperature and pressure. This intuitively reasonable procedure is easily shown to reproduce the correct thermal and caloric state equations for a mixture of neutral (non-ionized) ideal gases. Here we wish to point out that (a) this procedure leads to incorrect state equations for a mixture of partially ionized ideal gases, whereas (b) the alternative procedure of requiring that the subvolumes all have the same temperature and free electron density reproduces the correct thermal and caloric state equations for such a mixture. These results readily generalize to the case of partially degenerate and/or relativistic electrons, to a common approximation used to represent pressure ionization effects, and to two-temperature plasmas. This suggests that equating the subvolume electron number densities or chemical potentials instead of pressures is likely to provide a more accurate approximation even in nonideal plasma mixtures.
