Download or read book The Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis Megidis written by M. I. C. Boff and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to investigate the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the biology and ecology of Heterorhabditis megidis (strain NLH-E87.3, Smits et al., 1991) a common, but little studied entomopathogenic nematode in the Netherlands. Particular attention was paid to the searching behaviour of this nematode strain. Entomopathogenic nematodes are a welcome addition to the natural-enemy pool of insects and can be integrated with various control measures for management of those target pests where individual tacticsalone are inadequate. Entomopathogenic nematodes play a role underground reminiscent of that played by insect parasitoids, arthropod predators and microbial pathogens above ground. Like parasitoids or predators, they have chemoreceptors and are motile; like pathogens, they are highly virulent, killing their hosts quickly, and can be cultured easilyin vivo or in vitro (Ehlers, 1996).
Download or read book The entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis megidis host searching behaviour infectivity and reproduction written by Mari Inês Carissimi Boff and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to investigate the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the biology and ecology of Heterorhabditis megidis (strain NLH-E87.3, Smits et al., 1991) a common, but little studied entomopathogenic nematode in the Netherlands. Particular attention was paid to the searching behaviour of this nematode strain. Entomopathogenic nematodes are a welcome addition to the natural-enemy pool of insects and can be integrated with various control measures for management of those target pests where individual tacticsalone are inadequate. Entomopathogenic nematodes play a role underground reminiscent of that played by insect parasitoids, arthropod predators and microbial pathogens above ground. Like parasitoids or predators, they have chemoreceptors and are motile; like pathogens, they are highly virulent, killing their hosts quickly, and can be cultured easilyin vivo or in vitro (Ehlers, 1996).
Download or read book Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Biological Control written by Randy Gaugler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors of this book, who are world renown for their creativity with entomopathogenic nematodes, have assembled the foremost authorities from four continents to contribute on basic and applied concepts. The authors have taken advantage of this opportunity to express their views to a wide scientific audience. They have combined their international experience so that the latest developments in this fascinating and rapidly expanding field are present in comprehensive manner with diverse topics ranging from biological control theory to organismal and molecular biology.
Download or read book Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases written by Ann E. Hajek and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly growing interdisciplinary field, disease ecology merges key ideas from ecology, medicine, genetics, immunology, and epidemiology to study how hosts and pathogens interact in populations, communities, and entire ecosystems. Bringing together contributions from leading international experts on the ecology of diseases among invertebrate species, this book provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the field. Beginning with an introductory overview of general principles and methodologies, the book continues with in-depth discussions of a range of critical issues concerning invertebrate disease epidemiology, molecular biology, vectors, and pathogens. Topics covered in detail include: Methods for studying the ecology of invertebrate diseases and pathogens Invertebrate pathogen ecology and the ecology of pathogen groups Applied ecology of invertebrate pathogens Leveraging the ecology of invertebrate pathogens in microbial control Prevention and management of infectious diseases of aquatic invertebrates Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases is a necessary and long overdue addition to the world literature on this vitally important subject. This volume belongs on the reference shelves of all those involved in the environmental sciences, genetics, microbiology, marine biology, immunology, epidemiology, fisheries and wildlife science, and related disciplines.
Download or read book Nematode Behaviour written by Randy Gaugler and published by CABI. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nematode worms are among the most ubiquitous organisms on earth. They include free-living forms as well as parasites of plants, insects, humans and other animals. In recent years, there has been an explosion of interest in nematode biology, including the area of nematode behavior. The latter has, however, until now, not been synthesized into a single comprehensive volume. Nematode Behaviour seeks to redress this imbalance by providing the first comprehensive review of current knowledge of the behavior of nematodes. Key topics including locomotion and orientation, feeding and reproductive behavior, and biotic and abiotic interactions are reviewed by leading authorities from the USA, UK, India and New Zealand.
Download or read book Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents written by Parwinder S. Grewal and published by C A B International. This book was released on 2008 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to document and illustrate the major developments in the use of nematodes for biological control of insects and slugs. It has three major sections covering entomopathogenic nematodes, entomophilic nematodes, and slug-parasitic nematodes. Each of these sections dicusses biology, commercial production, formulation and quality control, application technology, strategy and safety. Separate chapters are devoted to the application of nematodes in different cropping systems, and the efficacy of nematodes against specific pests. Potential of predatory nematodes to control plant-parasitic nematodes and mycophagous nematodes to control fungal pathogens is also reviewed. This book was first published as a hardback in 2005. Now new in paperback.
Download or read book Natural Enemies written by Ann E. Hajek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-12 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Parasites and the Behavior of Animals written by Janice Moore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-31 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a parasite invades an ant, does the ant behave like other ants? Maybe not-and if it doesn't, who, if anyone, benefits from the altered behaviors? The parasite? The ant? Parasites and the Behavior of Animals shows that parasite-induced behavioral alterations are more common than we might realize, and it places these alterations in an evolutionary and ecological context. Emphasizing eukaryotic parasites, the book examines the adaptive nature of behavioral changes associated with parasitism, exploring the effects of these changes on parasite transmission, parasite avoidance, and the fitness of both host and parasite. The behavioral changes and their effects are not always straightforward. To the extent that virulence, for instance, is linked to parasite transmission, the evolutionary interests of parasite and host will diverge, and the current winner of the contest to maximize reproductive rates may not be clear, or, for that matter, inevitable. Nonetheless, by affecting susceptibility, host/parasite lifespan and fecundity, and transmission itself, host behavior influences parameters that are basic to our comprehension of how parasites invade host populations, and fundamentally, how parasites evolve. Such an understanding is important for a wide range of scientists, from ecologists and parasitologists to evolutionary, conservation and behavioral biologists: The behavioral alterations that parasites induce can subtly and profoundly affect the distribution and abundance of animals.
Download or read book Entomopathogenic Nematology written by Randy Gaugler and published by CABI. This book was released on 2002-01-31 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nematodes that are parasites of insects are no longer a laboratory curiosity. They have begun to be accepted as environmentally benign alternatives to the use of chemical insecticides, for the control of insect pests. Nematode worms are now applied as biological control agents against insectpests of numerous horticultural and agricultural crops. This book provides a comprehensive review of entomopathogenic nematology. It begins by reviewing fundamental biology and setting a taxonomic foundation for nematodes and their bacterial symbionts. Several chapters are devoted to functionalprocesses involved in parasitism and to nematode ecology. Later chapters describe technological advances and control methodologies.
Download or read book Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms written by Juan A. Morales-Ramos and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens, Second Edition explores the latest advancements and technologies for large-scale rearing and manipulation of natural enemies while presenting ways of improving success rate, predictability of biological control procedures, and demonstrating their safe and effective use. Organized into three sections, Parasitoids and Predators, Pathogens, and Invertebrates for Other Applications, this second edition contains important new information on production technology of predatory mites and hymenopteran parasitoids for biological control, application of insects in the food industry and production methods of insects for feed and food, and production of bumble bees for pollination.Beneficial organisms include not only insect predators and parasitoids, but also mite predators, nematodes, fungi, bacteria and viruses. In the past two decades, tremendous advances have been achieved in developing technology for producing these organisms. Despite that and the globally growing research and interest in biological control and biotechnology applications, commercialization of these technologies is still in progress. This is an essential reference and teaching tool for researchers in developed and developing countries working to produce “natural enemies in biological control and integrated pest management programs. Highlights the most advanced and current techniques for mass production of beneficial organisms and methods of evaluation and quality assessment Presents methods for developing artificial diets and reviews the evaluation and assurance of the quality of mass-produced arthropods Provides an outlook of the growing industry of insects as food and feed and describes methods for mass producing the most important insect species used as animal food and food ingredients
Download or read book Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security written by Omkar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security explores the broad range of opportunity and challenges afforded by Integrated Pest Management systems. The book focuses on the insect resistance that has developed as a result of pest control chemicals, and how new methods of environmentally complementary pest control can be used to suppress harmful organisms while protecting the soil, plants, and air around them. As the world’s population continues its rapid increase, this book addresses the production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and other foods and their subsequent demand increase. Traditional means of food crop production face proven limitations and increasing research is turning to alternative means of crop growth and protection. Addresses environmentally focused pest control with specific attention to its role in food security and sustainability. Includes a range of pest management methods, from natural enemies to biomolecules. Written by experts with extensive real-world experience.
Download or read book Temperature Biology of Animals written by Andrew Cossins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature is one facet in the mosaic of physical and biotic factors that describes the niche of an animal. Ofthe physical factors it is ecologically the most important. for it is a factor that is all-pervasive and one that. in most environments. lacks spatial or temporal constancy. Evolution has produced a wide variety of adaptive strategies and tactics to exploit or deal with this variable environmental factor. The ease with which temperature can be measured. and controlled experimentally. together with its widespread influence on the affairs of animals. has understandably led to a large. dispersed literature. In spite of this no recent book provides a comprehensive treatment of the biology of animals in relation to temperature. Our intention in writing this book was to fill that gap. We hope we have provided a modern statement with a critical synthesis of this diverse field. which will be suitable and stimulating for both advanced undergraduate and post graduate students of biology. This book is emphatically not intended as a monographical review. as thermal biology is such a diverse. developed discipline that it could not be encompassed within the confines of a book of this size.
Download or read book Biocontrol Agents written by Mahfouz M M Abd-Elgawad and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes entomopathogenic and slug parasitic nematodes as potential biocontrol agents in crop insect and slug pest management. Addressing research on these two nematodes from tropical, subtropical and temperate countries, it covers the new techniques and major developments regarding mass production, formulation, application, commercialization and safety measures. Plans for future strategies to make these beneficial nematodes cost-effective and expand their use by including them in integrated pest management programmes in different agro-ecosystems are also discussed. Biocontrol Agents: Entomopathogenic and Slug Parasitic Nematodes provides a comprehensive review of the topic and is an essential resource for researchers, industry practitioners and advanced students in the fields of biological control and integrated pest management.
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 31 written by Eric Lichtfouse and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents advanced ecological techniques for crop cultivation and the chapters are arranged into four sections, namely general aspects, weeds, fungi, worms and microbes. Biocontrol is an ecological method of controlling pests such as insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases using other organisms. This practice has been used for centuries. Biocontrol relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms. Natural enemies of insect pests, also known as biological control agents, include predators, parasitoids, pathogens, and competitors.
Download or read book Biological Control Measures of Success written by G. Gurr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As well as examining successful biological control programmes this book analyses why the majority of attempts fail. Off-target and other negative effects of biological control are also dealt with. Chapters contributed by leading international researchers and practitioners in all areas of biological control afford the book a breadth of coverage and depth of analysis not possible with a single author volume. Combined with the use of other experts to review chapters and editorial oversight to ensure thematic integrity of the volume, this book provides the most authoritative analysis of biological control published. Key aspects addressed include how success may be measured, how successful biological control has been to date and how may it be made more successful in the future. With extensive use of contemporary examples, photographs, figures and tables this book will be invaluable to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as being a `must' for all involved in making biological control successful.
Download or read book Foraging Theory written by David W. Stephens and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This account of the current state of foraging theory is also a valuable description of the use of optimality theory in behavioral ecology in general. Organizing and introducing the main research themes in economic analyses of animal feeding behavior, the authors analyze the empirical evidence bearing on foraging models and answer criticisms of optimality modeling. They explain the rationale for applying optimality models to the strategies and mechanics of foraging and present the basic "average-rate maximizing" models and their extensions. The work discusses new directions in foraging research: incorporating incomplete information and risk-sensitive behavior in foraging models; analyzing trade-offs, such as nutrient requirements and the threat of being eaten while foraging; formulating dynamic models; and building constrained optimization models that assume that foragers can use only simple "rules of thumb." As an analysis of these and earlier research developments and as a contribution to debates about the role of theory in evolutionary biology. Foraging Theory will appeal to a wide range of readers, from students to research professionals, in behavioral ecology, population and community ecology, animal behavior, and animal psychology, and especially to those planning empirical tests of foraging models.
Download or read book Basic and Applied Aspects of Biopesticides written by K. Sahayaraj and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, the major challenge of humanity is focused on population growth through agricultural production in order to meet the demand for food. The food crunch is mainly due to pest and disease. Traditional methods, synthetic insecticides and microbicides cause health hazards to human beings, domestic animals and also affect our immediate environments. Serious concerns were implemented by both developing and developed countries as Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Bio-intensive Integrated Pest Management (BIPM) systems where biopesticides play an important role worldwide. The available books are limited to particular aspects of biopesticides. Hence, it is imperative to bring out a holistic documentation which will provide the reader information on all aspects of biopesticides. The book consists of five sections namely microbials, botanicals, natural enemies semio- chemicals and biotechnology and equipments, bioinformatics tools and IPM. In Section I, microbial deals with utilization of Bacillus in control of phytonematodes; biological control of pest and diseases with fluorescent pseudomonads, entomopathogenic fungus and entomopathogenic nematodes in pest management, microbial viral insecticides and microbial elicitors to induce immunity for plant disease control in chilli and tomato. Importance of plant essential oils, botanicals in endocrine disruption, relevance of botanicals and use of plant volatile on pest management has been discussed in Section II. Importance and role of reduviidae, weaver ants, ground beetles, Odonatas, spiders in biological control has been discussed in Section III. In addition, genetic improvement of biocontrol agents for sustainable pest management has also been highlighted. In Section IV, classical practices and pheromone, kairomonal enhancement to natural enemies and use of transgenic plants in insect control are highlighted. Equipment and their application methodologies for application of biopesticides; relevance of bioinformatics in biopesticides management; pest management of soybean, bio fouling and eco friendly antifoulants have been highlighted in Section V. Each chapter has objectives and conclusion along with recommendations.
