Download or read book The Effects of Preperformance Imagery and Preperformance Positive Affirmations on the Performance of a Golf Putting Task written by Alan S. Kornspan and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of a PETTLEP Imagery Intervention based Pre performance Routine on Golfer s Short game Performance written by Logan Baughman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Studies have suggested that imagery has a positive effect on performance in a variety of sports. The PETTLEP model (Holmes and Collins, 2001) includes the seven minimum elements sport psychologists incorporate into their imagery scripts. The PETTLEP model is the most comprehensive imagery model, thus providing the most functional equivalence. Golf is the interest of this study, with research stating that imagery has an overall positive impact on golf performance (Nicholls & Polman, 2005). However, studies involving the PETTLEP model have not been investigated thoroughly. There are several shots that have not been studied with the PETTLEP model, therefore this investigation will aim to shrink the gap in literature by measuring the impact on a short 30-yard shot. Thus, it was hypothesized that the use of a PETTLEP imagery intervention will significantly increase golfer’s short-shot accuracy to the pin. Additionally, it was hypothesized that imagery ability will increase across phases. The participants were 5 skilled (average score > 100) male golfers. A single-subject, ABA (baseline, intervention, return-to-baseline) design was implemented. The study occurred over a 5-week period at a local golf course. Each golfer attempted 20 shots from 30 yards away. Imagery ability was measured using the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R) and the Motivational Imagery Ability Measure for Sport (MIAMS). The effectiveness of the imagery intervention on short-shot accuracy was assessed using visual inspection and graphs. Results demonstrated improvements in accuracy to the pin for five out of five participants from baseline to intervention. Results evidenced that four out of five participants decreased in accuracy during the return-to-baseline phase. Two out of five participants increased in imagery ability during the intervention. Changes in mean and variability were also evaluated using effect sizes, and suggested that two out of five participants varied less during the intervention phase. Implications of the present study include underlining the impact PETTLEP imagery has on golf performance, specifically when utilized in a pre-performance routine. Results suggest that practicing PETTLEP imagery aids in short-shot accuracy and assists in improving imagery ability.

Download or read book The Effect of a Preperformance Routine on Golf Putting written by Mel Brian Blasi and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Imagery on the Performance of Fine Motor Skill written by Donald E. Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Negative Imagery and Performance written by James A. Afremow and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Masters Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Investigation of the Efects of Mental Imagery on Self efficacy Among Golfers Performing a Putting Task written by Danny O. Daigle and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Golf Affirmations Workbook written by Neville Chancer and published by Neville Chancer and Roger Harrington. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 'Golf Affirmations Workbook' can improve your performance on the course by helping you establish a positive and powerful mindset, whether you're a seasoned pro or just beginning at golf. This affirmations workbook will help you focus on essential parts of your game, like adapting to different courses, scoring, physical fitness, and patience, and will help you feel more confident, less stressed and improve your golf performance overall. Repeating each affirmation often will help you internalize the lessons and embed them into your subconscious mind. What difficulties can this workbook help with… Consistency: To do well in golf, you need consistent shot-taking abilities. Mental toughness: In golf, the mental game is as essential as the physical game, and it can be challenging to stay focused and confident throughout the round. Weather Conditions: Wind, rain, and heat may all have a significant impact on the direction and speed of shots, and you need to be able to adapt. Shot Variety: Golf requires a variety of strokes and learning them all can be difficult. Pressure: in tournament settings where players are under pressure to succeed, staying calm can make the difference between winning or losing. Adaptability: Golf courses vary considerably in design, geography, and circumstances, and you must acclimate rapidly to new locations and courses. And much more… If you use the affirmations in this workbook regularly, you should soon notice that your concentration, focus, and course skills are improving. This will make it easier for you to get the results you want. So, take a deep breath, let go of any doubts or anxieties, and prepare to unleash your full potential on the course with this Golf Affirmations Workbook today!

Download or read book This Putt is for the Money written by Olivier N. Schmid and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The researcher examined the effects of self-talk on competitive cognitive and somatic state anxiety and putting performance of skilled golfers in a putting task. Participants (N = 60) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: calming self-talk (n = 20), instructional self-talk (n = 20), or control (no assigned self-talk; n = 20) condition. In every condition, participants performed 10 putts and the same procedure involving deception was used before the last putt to induce somatic and cognitive state anxiety. Anxiety was measured using the Anxiety Rating Scale (Cox, Russell, & Robb, 1998). Assigned calming and instructional self-talk statements did not help golfers reduce somatic and cognitive state anxiety. Additionally, putting performance was not affected by the use of calming and instructional self-talk statements. Lack of extensive training with the use of self-talk and the fact that golfers in the control group spontaneously used self-talk may explain the absence of significant findings. Future studies on self-talk and anxiety are warranted and should consider a procedure designed to induce higher anxiety levels, the use of highly skilled and less skilled golfers, and training participants in the use of self-talk.

Download or read book Examining Visual and Attentional Focus Influences on Golf Putting Performance Using a Dual Task Paradigm written by Michael Forbes and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visually focusing on the hole versus the ball in golf has shown some positive effects on putting performance (Heath et al., 2008), yet the reason for these benefits have not been tested. Considering the benefits of adopting an external focus, the purpose here was to examine whether attentional focus mechanisms contribute to the positive effects reported by Heath et al. (2008). Thirty experienced golfers were assigned to either a visual-ball focus or visual-hole focus group. Following warm-up putts, 48 experimental putts, divided equally into 16 putts across three conditions: control, task-relevant, and task-irrelevant, were performed. In the control condition, participants putted under single-task conditions, maintaining their assigned visual focus. In the other two conditions, participants putted under dual-task conditions and were instructed to focus on their wrist angles upon hearing a tone (task-relevant), or to identify an irrelevant sound (task-irrelevant). A questionnaire, designed to represent equal proportions of the 'distance' effect (Wulf, 2013; i.e., internal, proximal external, or distal external focus), served as a manipulation check to determine the attentional focus adopted under each condition. Analysis of the manipulation check for the control condition data only showed a significant interaction of Group and Attentional Focus F(2,56) = 4.5, p = .01. Post-hoc showed that participants had a significantly higher proximal external focus in the visual-ball focus group compared to the visual-hole focus group, whereas the visual-hole focus group was significantly higher than the visual-ball focus group for distal external focus. Additionally, an analysis with all three putting conditions indicated that participants had significantly higher internal focus for task-relevant trials, as compared to task-irrelevant or control trials. There were no significant differences found for any of the putting performance measures., however, the main effect of Condition did approach significance for MRE F(2,56) = 2.8, p = .068. This replicates the general finding that putting performance is poorest when golfers self-report using a higher internal focus. In conclusion, these results suggest that visually focusing on the hole results in a more distal external attentional focus in a golf environment than that of a ball-focus, but this does not translate to performance benefits.

Download or read book Effect of Physical Environment Task Timing Learning Emotion and Perspective Based Imagery on Golf Putting Performance and Self efficacy written by Lucas Madill and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Examining the Impact of Social Pressure on Golf Putting Performance written by Adam Kingsbury and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fine-motor skills in any domain (e.g., sports, surgery, music) are subject to performance decrements under pressure. A large majority of studies that have examined "choking under pressure" used golf putting as a paradigm to test participants. Golf putting is a fine-motor skill that is highly susceptible to deviations in performance, yet a skill that appears to be deceptively simple without a steep learning curve. The following thesis contained three studies that examined the influence of social evaluative threat on the objective outcome performance (holed or not holed, distance to the hole), as well as the kinematic variables associated with the putting stroke itself. Performance was measured using a high-speed infrared camera called the TOMI® which collected real-time 3D data about a number of different kinematic parameters for each putt that was struck. While it was expected that a learning effect would characterize the longitudinal trajectory of performance, it was also expected that state anxiety would moderate this trajectory. In Study 1, 35 amateur golfers, completed a self-report measure of state anxiety and performed golf putting tasks under a neutral condition followed by a social-evaluative condition. Somatic anxiety was related to differential performance trajectories, while cognitive anxiety was associated with variability in the backstroke. In Study 2, 27 beginner participants participated in an improved design based on Study 1. Somatic anxiety temporarily moderated performance under pressure for the novices. In Study 3, 55 beginner participants were recruited and randomized to either a stress-free learning task (n = 29), or a social-evaluative learning task (n = 26), to address research limitations from the first two studies. Furthermore, methodological concerns present in both Study 1 and 2 were addressed, with the aim of contributing to the debate surrounding theoretical mechanisms of how performance decrements occur, specifically under social-evaluative threat. High levels of somatic anxiety moderated the objective performance trajectory of the experimental group, and surprisingly decreased the amount of time taken to prepare for each putt in the social-evaluative task. In all three studies, somatic anxiety significantly moderated both objective and indirect performance (as indicated by kinematics and routine time). Taken together, these studies suggest that one's interpretation of physiological symptoms while under social evaluative threat can temporarily impair performance trajectories of a fine-motor skill.

Download or read book An Examination of Pre performance Imagery Use by High and Low Performers from Golf and Tennis written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Shot Type Task Difficulty and Research Environment on Consistency of Pre performance Routines in Golf written by Stewart Thomas Cotterill and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Golfers have been encouraged to develop consistent pre-performance routines (PPRs) in order to enhance their performance. However, the theoretical underpinning of these recommendations is unclear. Issues relating to the overall function(s) of the PPR, psychological components; routine usage across different shot types; and the impact of task difficulty on routine execution have yet to be explored in detail. The general purpose of this thesis was to quantify differences in the duration / composition of PPRs across shot types and task difficulty while developing a greater understanding of the psychological skills utilised and the function of the PPRs To achieve this general purpose four studies were completed. Study one (n=6, age M = 22.5yrs) explored the behavioural and temporal consistency of the PPRs utilised by the participants within shot type and across three different environmental conditions (competition, practice, and simulated). PPR behaviours were classified according to four categories (head, club, posture, still). The results revealed that the participants were very consistent in their routines and no significant differences were identified between environmental conditions. In Study two (n= 6, age M= 22.5years) the extent to which participants utilised different routines for different shots (putter, driver, wedge) as well as the impact of task difficulty on routine duration were explored. Significantly different routines were used for the three shot types. However, with the exception of one component for one participant, there were no significant differences between the conditions of task difficulty (easy Vs hard Vs very hard). In Study three (n=6, Age M= 23.7yrs) heart-rate deceleration (HR-D) characteristics for each participant prior to shot execution were explored for good versus poor shots as an indicator of attentional focus. There were clear differences between good and poor performance in the duration of the inter-beat intervals (IBIs). The specific purpose of Study four was to explore the psychological strategies utilised by golfers during their PPRs and the function of the PPRs. A number of key psychological skills were identified including: imagery, self-talk, relaxation techniques, trigger-words, concentration/focusing strategies, and achieving a 'flow state'. The evidence suggested that the function of PPRs is to focus attention on the task. The findings of all four studies informed the development of practical guidelines for the future use and development of PPRs in golf.

Download or read book Effect of Varying Imagery Perspective and Imagery Time on Performance of the Putting Stroke in Golf written by Frederick F. Hough and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Positive and Negative Imagery on Putting Performance written by Derek D. MacKinnon and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Trait Conscientiousness on Pre shot Routines and Performance in Golf written by Domenic J. Crouch and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Pre-performance routines have been outlined as crucial to success in golf (Cohn, Rotella & Lloyd, 1990; Pelz & Frank, 1999, 2000; Rotella & Cullen, 2001), and anecdotal support for the positive impact of routines is common amongst the golfing fraternity. Support from academic research on the effectiveness of pre-performance routines has been less consistent. Recent reviews have indicated that 'mixed' and 'limited' support exists for the benefits of routines on performance (e.g., Cotterill, 2008; Shaw, 2002), and research is now needed to examine whether the routine-performance relationship is moderated by individual difference factors, such as trait conscientiousness. Conscientious individuals are meticulous, thorough, and disciplined (McCrae & Costa, 1999). They desire forethought and orderliness, and they should experience a sense of 'fit' when undertaking consistent pre-shot routines in sport. It is for this reason that highly conscientious golfers should be oriented toward using structured routines prior to performance execution. Furthermore, literature from a variety of fields of psychology indicates that matching dispositional orientations to goal pursuit strategies is consequential (see e.g., Aaker & Lee, 2006). In other words, it is possible that trait conscientious golfers will perform better after structured routines than less conscientious golfers. Thus, two questions are addressed in this thesis. The first question relates to the extent to which trait conscientiousness influences individuals desire to adopt consistent pre-shot routines in golf. The second pertains to whether the relationship between pre-shot routines and performance is moderated by trait conscientiousness. An examination of these issues across skill levels is also incorporated into this thesis...