Download or read book The Effects of Pre and Postweaning Nutrition on Fertility and Feed Efficiency in Beef Heifers written by Maggie K. Bloomsburg and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle in the Pacific Northwest graze a variety of forages which vary in quality. The effects of forage quality on heifer reproductive development and fertility is still under investigation. Therefore, the first objective was to investigate the effects of grazing different quality forages preweaning and postweaning on reproductive traits and feed efficiency in heifers. Although nutritional differences were present, pre- and postweaning treatments did not affect reproduction. This indicates different qualities of forage present in Idaho may be utilized for heifers. Feed costs represent a large portion of cattle producers' expenses. Selecting for feed efficiency allows producers to capitalize on these expenses. However, the effects of selecting for efficiency on reproduction is still undetermined. The second objective was to study the relationship between feed efficiency and reproductive development and fertility. No differences in reproductive traits were detected among heifers ranked as efficient, average or inefficient at utilizing feed for growth.
Download or read book The Effects of Pre and Post weaning Nutrition on Heifer Puberty Fertility and Lifetime Calf Production written by I. D. Johnsson and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating the Effects of Pre and Post AI Nutrition on Embryo Quality and Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cattle written by Ricardo P. Arias and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of nutrition during late gestation and after insemination, as well as the effects of energy reserves on reproductive function of the beef female and subsequent growth and reproductive function of their offspring were investigated. The aims of this research were: 1) to evaluate how a change in nutritional intake immediately after insemination would affect pregnancy success and concentrations of hormonal mediators, IGF-I and progesterone, 2) to determine the influence that postpartum energy reserves have on embryo viability, early embryonic development, and embryo quality, and 3) to evaluate the impact that maternal protein supplementation of irrigated meadow grass hay during the last trimester of gestation has on cow BW and BCS, calf birth and weaning BW, conception rates of heifer offspring, and feedlot performance of steer offspring. Findings from Chapter III show that suppression in nutritional plane of heifers during the 21-d following AI has a negative impact on heifer performance, circulating concentrations of IGF-I, and AI pregnancy rates. Thus, it is biologically beneficial to ensure that heifers maintain their pre-breeding plane of nutrition during the 21-d following AI. Chapter IV presents evidence that cows with BCS 5.4 tend to produce more total embryos after a superovulation program compared to cows BCS 4.3. Additionally, peripheral concentrations of IGF-I were greatest in cows with a BCS 5.4, which may be an indicator of a more suitable environment in the uterus for further development of an embryo. In Chapter V, cows supplemented with protein during the last trimester of gestation had a greater BW gain and BCS change by calving time. Weaning BW of calves born to protein supplemented dams was greater when compared to calves from non-supplemented cows. There was a trend for pregnancy rates of heifers born supplemented dams to be 16 percentage points greater (95% vs. 79%). And although dam supplementation did not seem to affect intakes, gains, feed efficiency or carcass characteristics on the male progeny in this study, advantages have been observed other peer-reviewed research studies that support the concept that late gestation supplementation can have an impact subsequent progeny.
Download or read book Effects of Increased Nutruent Intake on Growth Reporduction and Productivity of Beef Heifers written by Shelby Lynn Rosasco and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of increased nutrient intake on beef heifer performance and reproductive efficiency. Experiment 1 evaluated the effect of heifer development supplementation regimen on heifer performance and reproduction during the pre- and post-breeding period. Heifers were developed grazing native range and supplemented to achieve 1) a constant rate of gain (CG) or 2) low rate of gain for the first half of development period followed by a high rate of gain for the remaining half of the development period (LoHi). Heifer performance was similar over the development period, with supplementation regimen having no effect on reproductive performance between treatments. Feed costs and costs to develop 1 pregnant heifer was decreased for LoHi heifer compared to CG heifers due to supplementation strategy. Following breeding heifers were stratified and randomly assigned to graze native pasture and supplemented at a low (CON) or high (High) rate for 30 d. CON heifer had a trend for increased AI pregnancy rate compared to High heifers, indicating a potential influence of nutrition on reproductive success. Accurately predicting forage nutrient composition during Exp. 1 impacted performance, altering predicted gains. In Exp. 2 heifers were individually fed a silage based diet to imitate treatments and predicted gains from Exp. 1. Heifer BW was similar among treatments over the development period. Although total ADG was similar among both treatment, ADG and intake was increased for CG heifers during the first 45 d, while LoHi heifer ADG and intake was increased over the last 45 d of the development period. Feed efficiency increased for LoHi heifers and decreased for CG heifers over the treatment period, indicating a potential compensatory gain effect. Reproductive traits measured were not impacted by development strategy; however, additional research is warranted to fully understand the impact of increased nutrient intake and compensatory gain on metabolic hormones, oocyte competence, and follicular microenvironment. In summary, these experiments provided further evidence of the impact of nutrition on reproductive performance, with future research warranted specifically investigating follicular fluid metabolic hormone concentrations and gene expression in oocytes and granulosa cells, and their impact on reproductive success.
Download or read book Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-05-16 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.
Download or read book Calf and Heifer Rearing written by Philip C. Garnsworthy and published by Nottingham Trent University. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume considers every aspect of calf rearing, from physiological principles to practical systems. Topics include physiology of growth and digestion, nutrient requirements, health and welfare, and lifetime performance. More than half the authors are from outside the UK and all are acknowledged as international experts in their field. This book is aimed at technical advisers, researchers, extension workers, veterinary practitioners, progressive farmers, academics and students.
Download or read book Biology of Domestic Animals written by Colin G. Scanes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing interest in the biology of domestic animals ranging from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, nutritional physiology, and systems biology. This book touches on all of these, with a particular focus on topics such as domestic animals as comparative models to humans, molecular regulation of growth, metabolic efficiency, reproduction, and the impact of stress on growth and development. The book concludes with a discussion on the current and future directions for researchers.
Download or read book Livestock s Long Shadow written by Henning Steinfeld and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The assessment builds on the work of the Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative"--Pref.
Download or read book Feed efficiency in swine written by John F. Patience and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Download or read book Factors Affecting Calf Crop written by Michael J. Fields and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Factors Affecting Calf Crop summarizes the latest information available from leading cattle physiologists and geneticists regarding factors known to influence the production of live calves at weaning. You get practical information on management techniques for improving reproduction efficiency in the herd. You'll also learn about the functioning of the reproductive system and how this may affect reproductive processes in the cow herd. Managers will benefit from a clearer understanding of the factors known to limit efficient reproduction, while veterinarians and other professionals who advise cattlemen will appreciate the substantial reference material and color photographs for defining cow condition scores. Color photographs are also used to illustrate the discussions of testicular thermographies and their applications. Other chapters in the book cover developments in improving reproductive performance of the replacement heifer, the brood cow, and the bull. Topics on reproduction include physiology/endocrinology, the use of growth promotants, genetics and physiological and economic considerations in selecting the age to breed heifers, heritability of fertility, length of the breeding season, prepartum and postpartum nutrition, nursing by the calf, cloning of embryos, and much more.
Download or read book Beef Cattle Production and Trade written by Lewis Kahn and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beef Cattle Production and Trade covers all aspects of the beef industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian beef production, written by experts in the field. The book begins with an overview of the historical evolution of world beef consumption and introductory chapters on carcass and meat quality, market preparation and world beef production. North America, Brazil, China, South-East Asia and Japan are discussed in separate chapters, followed by Australian beef production, including feed lotting and live export. The remaining chapters summarise R&D, emphasising the Australian experience, and look at different production systems and aspects of animal husbandry such as health, reproduction, grazing, feeding and finishing, genetics and breeding, production efficiency, environmental management and business management. The final chapter examines various case studies in northern and southern Australia, covering feed demand and supply, supplements, pasture management, heifer and weaner management, and management of internal and external parasites.
Download or read book Bovine Reproduction written by Richard M. Hopper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 2206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Download or read book Structure and Development of Meat Animals and Poultry written by H. J. Swatland and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-06-25 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated (and re-titled) edition of a major text, Structure and Development of Meat Animals and Poultry serves the information needs of meat science and animal production professionals and meat industry personnel. The book is well illustrated with more than 250 line drawings and photographs. Additionally, it is well organized for study and reference. Throughout the presentation, the basics of meat and poultry science are related to commercial meat production and product development. The Author Prof. Howard Swatland began his career in the meat industry with vocational training at Smithfield College in London. After graduation from the University of London he became a research assistant at the Meat Research Institute in Bristol. He received an M.S. and Ph.D. in Meat and Animal Science from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He received the Meat Research Award of the American Society of Animal Science, and in 1993, at an award ceremony at the British House of Lords, he was made a Fellow of the Institute of Meat of the Worshipful Company of Butchers. He has published 167 papers in refereed journals, most on topics in the area of meat science and production. He presently is a professor at the University of Guelph, in the Department of Food Science and the Department of Animal and Poultry Science.
Download or read book Animal Agriculture written by Fuller W. Bazer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Agriculture: Sustainability, Challenges and Innovations discusses the land-based production of high-quality protein by livestock and poultry and how it plays an important role in improving human nutrition, growth and health. With exponential growth of the global population and marked rises in meat consumption per capita, demands for animal-source protein are expected to increase 72% between 2013 and 2050. This raises concerns about the sustainability and environmental impacts of animal agriculture. An attractive solution to meeting increasing needs for animal products and mitigating undesirable effects of agricultural practices is to enhance the efficiency of animal growth, reproduction, and lactation. Currently, there is no resource that offers specific knowledge of both animal science and technology, including biotechnology for the sustainability of animal agriculture for the expanding global demand of food in the face of diminishing resources. This book fills that gap, giving readers all the necessary information on important issues facing modern animal agriculture, namely its sustainability, challenges and innovative solutions. Integrates new knowledge in animal breeding, biotechnology, nutrition, reproduction and management Addresses the urgent issue of sustainability in modern animal agriculture Provides practical solutions on how to solve the current and future problems that face animal agriculture worldwide
Download or read book Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism written by Jan Dijkstra and published by CABI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book. Published in 1993, was very well received as providing a comprehensive review of the digestion and metabolism of ruminant animals. Since its publication, much new research has been conducted in the subject and knowledge has increased. This new edition includes Dr. Dijkstra as an additional editor and four completely new chapters. These cover: the gas production technique in feed evaluation; the relationship between pasture characteristics and animal performance; calorimetry; and feed processing. Other chapters have been expanded or updated as appropriate.
Download or read book Guidelines for Uniform Beef Improvement Programs written by Dixon D. Hubbard and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
