Download or read book The Effects of Phase Stability on Void Swelling in P Ti Modified 316 Stainless Steels During Neutron Irradiation written by S. Ukai and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commercially developed 20% cold-worked P,Ti-modified 316 stainless steel claddings were irradiated as fuel pins in C-type irradiation rigs of JOYO under typical fast reactor conditions. The microstructural changes of irradiated claddings at temperatures around 500 °C were extensively analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. Void formation is closely related with M6C and G-phase precipitates and concomitant phosphide dissolution beyond the fast neutron fluence of 15x1026 n/m2. Such phase instability in the fuel pin cladding during the fast reactor operation is caused by the radiation induced solute segregation, and it mainly interpreted in terms of varying system sink strength due to dislocation and precipitate changes.
Download or read book Effects of Si and Ti on the Phase Stability and Swelling Behavior of AISI 316 Stainless Steel Neutron and Heavy Ion Irradiations written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swelling behavior of neutron irradiated stainless steels is influenced by solute segregation and preciptation phenomena. The extent to which in-reactor swelling behavior may be simulated by heavy ion irradiation depends upon the extent to which in-reactor phase changes are reproduced; this question is addressed by comparing the precipitation behavior under neutron irradiation with behavior during 4 MeV Ni ion irradiation for AISI 316 stainless steel and a related stainless steel containing additions of titanium and silicon. The results are discussed qualitatively in terms of the effects of damage rate on solute segregation and the effects of displacement cascades on the dissolution of particles. It is shown that the partitioning of elements into various phases during irradiation is not a sufficient condition for the initiation of swelling in stainless steels modified with silicon and titanium. It is also necessary for helium to be generated simultaneously with the breakdown of the matrix into various phases; it is believed that helium trapping at the growing particle-matrix interface is responsible for the observed physical association between voids and precipitates.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by R. K. Nanstad and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dependence of Void Formation on Phase Stability in Neutron Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel written by HR. Brager and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The void swelling rate in Type 316 steel is dominated by the instantaneous composition of the austenite matrix rather than by the concurrent nature of the dislocation and void microstructure alone. This is the conclusion derived from a series of neutron-irradiation experiments designed to determine which microstructural components account for the variability of void development observed in this alloy in response to changes in composition, preirradiation treatment, and irradiation history. The attainment of steady-state swelling is thought to be related to the development of a saturation microstructure of precipitates and dislocations. The existence of a saturation state for dislocation microstructure has been confirmed, but this condition is reached at fluences substantially below the onset of steady-state swelling. Relative to a solution-annealed treatment, 20 percent cold working accelerates the approach to saturation of the dislocation microstructure; thus the delay of swelling by cold work cannot be rationalized simply in terms of the time or fluence dependence of dislocation density.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Martin L. Grossbeck and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2004 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Stan T. Rosinski and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2001 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Void Swelling and Microstructural Change in Neutron Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel written by M. Itoh and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microstructural observations were made on cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel following fast neutron irradiation to a peak neutron fluence of 1.3 x 1027 n/m2 (E > 0.1 MeV) at temperatures from 400 to 620°C. The results show that nickel depletion in the matrix after neutron irradiation is related to the formation of phosphides and void swelling. Phosphorus in solution retards not only the recovery of dislocations but also the development of nickel- and silicon-rich phases, and this results in suppressing nickel depletion in the matrix and an extension of the transient regime in void swelling. Phosphides are formed during the transient regime at temperatures from 490 to 570°C. After phosphides are formed, retardation effects on both dislocation recovery and the formation of nickel- and silicon-rich phases are lost, and this leads to the onset of void swelling.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phase Stability During Irradiation written by J. R. Holland and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Irradiation Environment of Fast Reactor s Fuel Elements on Void Swelling in P Ti Modified 316 Stainless Steel written by I. Yamagata and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The difference in swelling behavior of P, Ti-modified 316 stainless steel (PNC316) between sample irradiation using material irradiation vehicle (e.g. FFTF/MOTA) and fuel assembly irradiation in FBR was investigated. From the evaluation of the dose dependence in the swelling of PNC316, it is clearly shown that swelling of claddings irradiated by fuel assemblies occurred earlier than the swelling of samples irradiated by material irradiation vehicle in the range of irradiation temperatures from 723K to 823K. The microstructural evolution of the claddings irradiated by fuel assemblies, which is represented by void formation, should be mainly affected by the irradiation environments: irradiation temperature history, temperature gradient within the thickness of the claddings, and by the primary and secondary stresses within the cladding during irradiation.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by D. S. Gelles and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 1169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Swelling of Microstructure of Neutron Irradiated Titanium Modified Type 316 Stainless Steel written by Y. Carteret and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of the behavior of fuel pins irradiated in the same Rapsodie subassembly, shows that titanium has a marked beneficial effect on the swelling resistance of cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel in a wide temperature range. This effect is particularly visible at high temperature since cold-worked Type 316 titanium does not swell above 550°C up to a dose of 100 French displacements per atom (dpaF)(~74 dpa NRT).
Download or read book Effects of Second Phase Particles on Irradiation Swelling of Austenitic Alloys written by WK. Appleby and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results are described from the investigation of swelling caused by fast-neutron-induced void formation in stainless steel fuel cladding and high-nickel alloys irradiated in fast flux (EBR-II) to fluences up to 7.3 x 1022 n/cm2, E > 0.1 MeV. Immersion density measurements of swelling gave results ranging from a volume increase of 10 percent in solution-annealed Type 347 stainless steel to a small densification in Inconel-625. Transmission electron microscopy investigations revealed that the extent of void formation in Types 316 and 347 stainless steels, Incoloy-800, and Hastelloy-X was related to the degree of intragranular precipitation (principally carbides), whereas the Ni3 Cb precipitation in Inconel-625 had apparently inhibited void formation altogether. It is concluded that precipitate particles can play a major role in determining the extent of void formation in austenitic alloys during neutron irradiation, and in the optimum morphology (a high concentration of closely spaced, small and possibly coherent particles) they offer promise of largely inhibiting void formation and swelling.
Download or read book Void Swelling and Phase Stability in Different Heats of Cold Drawn Type 1 4970 Stainless Steel After Heavy Ion Irradiation written by WV. Vaidya and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present investigations were undertaken with the aim to understand, to what extent variations of the tube fabrication parameters and slight modifications in the chemical composition might influence the swelling behaviour of Type 1.4970 stainless steel.
Download or read book Effect of IVa and Va Elements on Void Formation in Neutron Irradiated 316 Stainless Steels written by S. Yamashita and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a previous electron irradiation study it was shown that additions of elements from the IVa and Va columns of the periodic table to 316L stainless steel could have a pronounced effect on its swelling resistance. The results suggested that vacancy binding was the main operative mechanism, increasing in strength with increasing size factor. In the current experiment these same alloys were irradiated with fast neutrons, but the influence of the size factor does not appear to be the only important mechanism. Whereas essentially precipitation was limited during electron irradiation, substantial precipitation occurred during neutron irradiation at lower displacement rates, overshadowing the effect of size factor on swelling. The addition of Hf and especially Zr, however, was particularly effective in suppressing swelling in both the electron and neutron cases, although the suppression mechanism in the neutron case appears to be a combination of both size effect and precipitation to alter the sink structure.
Download or read book Effects of Microstructure on Swelling and Tensile Properties of Neutron Irradiated Types 316 and 405 Stainless Steels written by KR. Garr and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small-sheet tensile samples of Types 316 and 405 stainless steels were encapsulated together and irradiated in EBR-II at about 400 C (752 F) to a total fluence of 3.3 x 1022 n/cm2 with 2.3 x 1022 n/cm2 fast (E>0.1 MeV). A variety of microstructures was produced in each alloy prior to irradiation. In Type 316 stainless steel, swelling increased with the amount of carbide precipitation prior to irradiation, implying that carbon in solution impedes void formation. Cold-working 25 percent suppressed void formation. No swelling was observed in Type 405 stainless steel. Irradiation caused an increase in the yield and tensile strengths, and a decrease in ductility in all cases except the cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel. These latter samples showed a decrease in yield and tensile strengths and an increase in ductility due to the reversion of ? martensite to austenite.
Download or read book MiCon 86 written by B. L. Bramfitt and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1988 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
