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Book The Effects of Environmental Regulation on the Competitiveness of U S Manufacturing

Download or read book The Effects of Environmental Regulation on the Competitiveness of U S Manufacturing written by Michael Greenstone and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic costs of environmental regulations have been widely debated since the U.S. began to restrict pollution emissions more than four decades ago. Using detailed production data from nearly 1.2 million plant observations drawn from the 1972-1993 Annual Survey of Manufactures, we estimate the effects of air quality regulations on manufacturing plants' total factor productivity (TFP) levels. We find that among surviving polluting plants, stricter air quality regulations are associated with a roughly 2.6 percent decline in TFP. The regulations governing ozone have particularly large negative effects on productivity, though effects are also evident among particulates and sulfur dioxide emitters. Carbon monoxide regulations, on the other hand, appear to increase measured TFP, especially among refineries. The application of corrections for the confounding of price increases and output declines and sample selection on survival produce a 4.8 percent estimated decline in TFP for polluting plants in regulated areas. This corresponds to an annual economic cost from the regulation of manufacturing plants of roughly $21 billion, about 8.8 percent of manufacturing sector profits in this period.

Book The Effects of Environmental Regulation on the Competitiveness of U S Manufacturing

Download or read book The Effects of Environmental Regulation on the Competitiveness of U S Manufacturing written by Michael Greenstone and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic costs of environmental regulations have been widely debated since the U.S. began to restrict pollution emissions more than four decades ago. Using detailed production data from nearly 1.2 million plant observations drawn from the 1972-1993 Annual Survey of Manufactures, we estimate the effects of air quality regulations on manufacturing plants' total factor productivity (TFP) levels. We find that among surviving polluting plants, stricter air quality regulations are associated with a roughly 2.6 percent decline in TFP. The regulations governing ozone have particularly large negative effects on productivity, though effects are also evident among particulates and sulfur dioxide emitters. Carbon monoxide regulations, on the other hand, appear to increase measured TFP, especially among refineries. The application of corrections for the confounding of price increases and output declines and sample selection on survival produce a 4.8 percent estimated decline in TFP for polluting plants in regulated areas. This corresponds to an annual economic cost from the regulation of manufacturing plants of roughly $21 billion, which is about 8.8 percent of manufacturing sector profits in this period. Keywords: clean air act, costs of regulation, air pollution. JEL Classification: D2, L6, L5, Q5.

Book Environmental Regulation

Download or read book Environmental Regulation written by John F. McEldowney and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring an original introduction by the editors, this important collection of essays explores the main issues surrounding the regulation of the environment. The expert contributors illustrate that regulating the environment in the UK is conceptually complex, involves a diverse range of institutions, techniques and methodologies and crosses geographical and national boundaries. In the USA it is more formalised, juridical, adversarial and formally dependent upon legal rules. The articles highlight the fact that despite differences in the UK and the USA's regulatory styles, environmental regulation today has much in common with both traditions.

Book Environmental Regulations and Industrial Competitiveness

Download or read book Environmental Regulations and Industrial Competitiveness written by Ward Thomas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-13 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While polluting industries in the U.S. continue to emit billions of pounds of toxic chemicals into the air, land and water every year, many economists and policy makers argue that environmental regulations stifle economic growth and reduce the standard of living for the American people. This book takes a fresh look at this question through three case studies of highly regulated polluting industries in the Southern California region: metal finishing, wood furniture, and dry cleaning. The case studies are based on a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, including in-depth interviews with corporate managers and environmental regulators. The authors find that there is no universal pattern for predicting the effects of environmental regulations on industrial competitiveness, but that the outcomes depend on the structure of the industry being regulated, the design of the regulations, and the technologies that are available for compliance. The book is written in straight forward language that is accessible to the non-economist and will prove an essential resource for academics and students of all levels, and professionals and policy makers in the fields of environmental policy and regional economic development.

Book Environmental regulations and the competitiveness of U S manufacturing

Download or read book Environmental regulations and the competitiveness of U S manufacturing written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Technology and Capital Formation

Download or read book Technology and Capital Formation written by Dale Weldeau Jorgenson and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1989-01 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions in this book bring a wealth of detailed empirical data and an unusually wide range of perspectives - from universities, government, and business - to bear on the exploration of this important interrelationship; they focus, in particular, on the role of capital in the production process.

Book Regulatory Realities

Download or read book Regulatory Realities written by Andrew Gouldson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arguing that the performance of industrial environmental regulation is determined by the level and nature of the innovation it stimulates, this text aims to analyze the influence of different structures and styles of implementation on innovation in regulated companies. Further aims include: examining the economic and environmental performance of different forms of innovation developed and applied by industry in response to regulation; describing the conditions under which industrial environmental regulation can be improved; outlining the implementation approaches required for regulated companies to overcome barriers which prevent them from exploiting the economic and environmental potential of particular forms of innovation; demonstrating how technological and organizational change could lead to lower costs and higher benefits from regulatory compliance; and putting forward to governments and industry proposals to improve the relationship between environmental protection and industrial competitiveness.

Book Industrial Innovation and Environmental Regulation

Download or read book Industrial Innovation and Environmental Regulation written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2007 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role should governments play in protecting the environment and controlling the environmental impacts of industry? Do regulations benefit the environment? And how do they affect industrial innovation? Since the early 1970s, regulations have been used to coerce producers of goods and services into internalizing the environmental costs of production. These efforts have often faced opposition on practical and ideological grounds. Beginning in the 1980s, there has been a movement toward liberalization, coupled with the continued failure of the market to protect the environment as a public good. As a result, private and public sector interests have been debating the appropriate role of governments in protecting and improving the environment and controlling the environmental impact of industry. Using case studies from numerous countries, this book examines political and industrial trends and the responses to these challenges. The authors conclude that the complexities of environmental and economic relationships disallow universal solutions, and they stress the need for context-specific perspectives on the role of regulatory measures in environmental innovation.

Book Jobs Competitiveness and Environmental Regulation

Download or read book Jobs Competitiveness and Environmental Regulation written by Robert C. Repetto and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines how environmental performance affects commercial success and employment. Discusses the linkage between environmental regulation and investment. Covers trends from 1970 to 1992.

Book The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Firm and Country Competitiveness

Download or read book The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Firm and Country Competitiveness written by Mark A. Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1990s, the validity of the Porter Hypothesis has been the focus of intense research efforts to establish whether well-designed environmental regulation may enhance - rather than reduce - competitiveness. However, little consensus exists on the extent to which (if at all) environmental regulation might generate profitability enhancing innovation offsets. In response to this lack of clarity in the literature and the pressing public policy implications of the Porter Hypothesis, this paper reports on a meta-analysis of 103 publications which estimate the relationship between environmental regulation and firm or country-level productivity or competitiveness. We find considerable heterogeneity in both the sign and significance level of the over 2,000 estimated “effect sizes” found in these studies. When systematically comparing all studies, we find evidence that a positive effect of environmental regulation on competitiveness is more likely at the state, region or country level, compared to the facility, firm or industry level - although in both cases the most likely scenario is a statistically insignificant effect. These findings are consistent with the strong version of the Porter Hypothesis whereby strict but flexible environmental regulations induce innovation and over time increase country-level competitiveness.

Book Environmental Regulation and the U S Economy

Download or read book Environmental Regulation and the U S Economy written by Barry Bosworth and published by Baltimore : Published for Resources for the Future by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: