Download or read book The Effect of Stellar Multiplicity on Exoplanetary Systems written by Steve B. Howell and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-04 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Two Suns in the Sky Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present results of a reconnaissance for stellar companions to all 131 radial velocity detected candidate extrasolar planetary systems known as of 2005 July 1. Common proper-motion companions were investigated using the multiepoch STScI Digitized Sky Surveys and confirmed by matching the trigonometric parallax distances of the primaries to companion distances estimated photometrically.We also attempt to confirm or refute companions listed in the Washington Double Star Catalog, in the Catalogs of Nearby Stars Series by Gliese and Jahrei , in Hipparcos results, and in Duquennoy & Mayor s radial velocity survey. Our findings indicate that a lower limit of 30 (23%) of the 131 exoplanet systems have stellar companions.We report new stellar companions to HD 38529 and HD 188015 and a new candidate companion to HD 169830.We confirm many previously reported stellar companions, including six stars in five systems, that are recognized for the first time as companions to exoplanet hosts. We have found evidence that 20 entries in the Washington Double Star Catalog are not gravitationally bound companions. At least three (HD 178911, 16 Cyg B, and HD 219449), and possibly five (including HD 41004 and HD 38529), of the exoplanet systems reside in triple-star systems. Three exoplanet systems (GJ86, HD 41004, and gamma Cep) have potentially close-in stellar companions, with planets at roughly Mercury Mars distances from the host star and stellar companions at projected separations of ̃20 AU, similar to the Sun Uranus distance. Finally, two of the exoplanet systems contain white dwarf companions. This comprehensive assessment of exoplanet systems indicates that solar systems are found in a variety of stellar multiplicity environments singles, binaries, and triples and that planets survive the post main-sequence evolution of companion stars.

Download or read book Revealing Star and Planet Formation with Stellar Multiplicity written by Kendall Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of star and planet formation work to understand the processes that produced the Solar System and the many other systems now known to host exoplanets. Understanding star and planet formation requires measurement of accurate stellar properties at all evolutionary stages of stellar and planetary systems. These stellar properties include age, mass, effective temperature (T [subscript eff]), stellar radius, and stellar multiplicity. Binary stars and higher-order multiples comprise about half of the population of main-sequence solar-type stars, and stellar multiplicity impacts the observed properties of stars across their lifetimes. Because exoplanet and stellar demographics are typically inferred from stellar properties, incorrect stellar characterization because of binaries feeds into biases and errors in stellar populations and exoplanet demographics. In this dissertation, I explored the impact of binary stars in the two scientific contexts of young stellar associations and binary stars that host exoplanets. In my studies of young stellar associations, I developed a simulation suite to perform synthetic spectroscopic surveys. I implemented mass-dependent binary properties to explore the origins of apparent mass-dependent age gradients previously observed in star-forming regions. My subsequent work added starspots to the simulation. I found that although binary stars can explain mass-dependent age gradients, starspots become the dominant contributor to the gradient in populations with Gaia distances. I also explored the nature of the relationship between accretion and circumstellar disks in young stars and found that the inner disks of binaries and single stars are probably similar, and that the inner rim of the dust disk is related to the accretion rate as a result of mass transfer through the disk. These studies demonstrated the importance of considering binary stars when attempting to measure ages or understand star formation histories in young stellar associations. In my studies of main sequence binary star exoplanet hosts, I developed an algorithm to accurately characterize the individual components of binary stars that are unresolved in most observations. As an initial step, I tested this code with an archival sample of M stars. Then, I performed a spectroscopic survey of binary stars from the Kepler sample using the Hobby-Eberly Telescope, and carried out two targeted studies of subsamples from the survey. The first study explored binary stars that supposedly host rocky Earth-analog planets and found that most of them are actually gaseous planets, which has implications for exoplanet demographics and attempts to measure the frequency of Earth analogs. The second study explored the radius distribution of small exoplanets and found that the gap in the radius distribution separating rocky and gaseous exoplanets in single systems was not present in binary stars. This result suggested that the location of the gap may be binary-separation-dependent and therefore “blurred out” by a range of stellar separations in the sample. This series of papers has demonstrated the power of using binary stars that host planets as a laboratory for controlled experiments in planet formation and evolution, because the binary properties leave a record of the planet-forming environment. The work presented in this dissertation has shown the ability of binary stars to influence observations of young stars and exoplanet hosts, and has demonstrated the potential of binary stars to provide a direct link between formation environment and exoplanet properties for the first time

Download or read book Two Suns in the Sky written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present results of a reconnaissance for stellar companions to all 131 radial velocity detected candidate extrasolar planetary systems known as of 2005 July 1. Common proper-motion companions were investigated using the multiepoch STScI Digitized Sky Surveys and confirmed by matching the trigonometric parallax distances of the primaries to companion distances estimated photometrically. We also attempt to confirm or refute companions listed in the Washington Double Star Catalog, in the Catalogs of Nearby Stars Series by Gliese and Jahrei, in Hipparcos results, and in Duquennoy & Mayor s radial velocity survey. Our findings indicate that a lower limit of 30 (23%) of the 131 exoplanet systems have stellar companions. We report new stellar companions to HD 38529 and HD 188015 and a new candidate companion to HD 169830. We confirm many previously reported stellar companions, including six stars in five systems, that are recognized for the first time as companions to exoplanet hosts. We have found evidence that 20 entries in the Washington Double Star Catalog are not gravitationally bound companions. At least three (HD 178911, 16 Cyg B, and HD 219449), and possibly five (including HD 41004 and HD 38529), of the exoplanet systems reside in triple-star systems. Three exoplanet systems (GJ86, HD 41004, and gamma Cep) have potentially close-in stellar companions, with planets at roughly Mercury Mars distances from the host star and stellar companions at projected separations of ~20 AU, similar to the Sun Uranus distance. Finally, two of the exoplanet systems contain white dwarf companions. This comprehensive assessment of exoplanet systems indicates that solar systems are found in a variety of stellar multiplicity environments singles, binaries, and triples and that planets survive the post main-sequence evolution of companion stars.

Download or read book Exoplanets Compositions Mineralogy Evolution written by Natalie R. Hinkel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-09-02 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus for RiMG volume 90 is on rocky exoplanets because the search for truly Earth-like planets is of special interest. The goal is to motivate communication between the disciplines so as to make the best use possible of existing data and data yet to be collected by the James Webb and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescopes, since the astronomy community is gathering data on stars and exoplanets at an accelerating rate. Such data now include exoplanet size and mass (i.e., density) as well as their atmospheric compositions, which are collectively telltale of mineralogy and evolution. Much of what is published may still fall in the realm of educated speculation, but our conjectures are metamorphosing into testable hypotheses. There is now a remarkably large amount of astronomical data (with even more on the way) that geochemists and petrologists can make much use of. But just as astronomers may benefit from geologic insights, geologists need our colleagues in astronomy to help interpret their data and their underlying implications to better understand its astronomical context. Our hopes for this volume will be fulfilled if readers initiate their own analyses of what at present may seem like novel or unusual data, and if new collaborations between academic departments and subfields are forged.

Download or read book Demographics of Exoplanetary Systems written by Katia Biazzo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-01 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed, state-of-the-art overview of key observational and theoretical aspects of the rapidly developing and highly interdisciplinary field of exoplanet science, as viewed through the lenses of eight world-class experts. It equips readers with a broad understanding of the complex processes driving the formation and the physical and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. It juxtaposes theoretical modeling with the host of techniques that are unveiling the exceptional variety of observed properties of close-in and wide-separation extrasolar planets. By effectively linking ingenious interpretative analyses to the main factors shaping planetary populations, the book ultimately provides the most coherent picture to date of the demographics of exoplanetary systems. It is an essential reference for Ph.D. students and early-stage career researchers, while the scope and depth of its source material also provide excellent cues for graduate-level courses.

Download or read book Planets in Binary Star Systems written by Nader Haghighipour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1988, in an article on the analysis of the measurements of the variations in the radial velocities of a number of stars, Campbell, Walker, and Yang reported an - teresting phenomenon;the radial velocity variations of Cephei seemed to suggest the existence of a Jupiter-like planet around this star. This was a very exciting and, at the same time, very surprising discovery. It was exciting because if true, it would have marked the detection of the ?rst planet outside of our solar system. It was surprising because the planet-hosting star is the primary of a binary system with a separation less than 19 AU, a distance comparable to the planetary distances in our solar system. The moderatelyclose orbit of the stellar companionof Cephei raised questions about the reality of its planet. The skepticism over the interpretation of the results (which was primarily based on the idea that binary star systems with small sepa- tions would not be favorable places for planet formation) became so strong that in a subsequent paper in 1992, Walker and his colleagues suggested that the planet in the Cephei binary might not be real, and the variations in the radial velocity of this star might have been due to its chromospheric activities.

Download or read book Wspc Handbook Of Astronomical Instrumentation The In 5 Volumes written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 1556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review of Volume 4:'The Handbook can be a good reference for a higher-degree science student approaching the subject or for an expert in a similar field in astronomical instrumentation. The reader requiring an in-depth presentation of a specific topic will be guided by the rich reference lists included at the end of each chapter.'The ObservatoryOur goal is to produce a comprehensive handbook of the current state of the art of astronomical instrumentation with a forward view encompassing the next decade. The target audience is graduate students with an interest in astronomical instrumentation, as well as practitioners interested in learning about the state of the art in another wavelength band or field closely related to the one in which they currently work. We assume a working knowledge of the fundamental theory: optics, semiconductor physics, etc. The purpose of this handbook is to bring together some of the leading experts in the world to discuss the frontier of astronomical instrumentation across the electromagnetic spectrum and extending into multimessenger astronomy.

Download or read book The Exoplanet Handbook written by Michael Perryman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the discovery of planets beyond our solar system 25 years ago, exoplanet research has expanded dramatically, with new state-of-the-art ground-based and space-based missions dedicated to their discovery and characterisation. With more than 3,500 exoplanets now known, the complexity of the discovery techniques, observations and physical characterisation have grown exponentially. This Handbook ties all these avenues of research together across a broad range of exoplanet science. Planet formation, exoplanet interiors and atmospheres, and habitability are discussed, providing in-depth coverage of our knowledge to date. Comprehensively updated from the first edition, it includes instrumental and observational developments, in-depth treatment of the new Kepler mission results and hot Jupiter atmospheric studies, and major updates on models of exoplanet formation. With extensive references to the research literature and appendices covering all individual exoplanet discoveries, it is a valuable reference to this exciting field for both incoming and established researchers.

Download or read book Three Body Dynamics and Its Applications to Exoplanets written by Zdzislaw Musielak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-22 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief book provides an overview of the gravitational orbital evolution of few-body systems, in particular those consisting of three bodies. The authors present the historical context that begins with the origin of the problem as defined by Newton, which was followed up by Euler, Lagrange, Laplace, and many others. Additionally, they consider the modern works from the 20th and 21st centuries that describe the development of powerful analytical methods by Poincare and others. The development of numerical tools, including modern symplectic methods, are presented as they pertain to the identification of short-term chaos and long term integrations of the orbits of many astronomical architectures such as stellar triples, planets in binaries, and single stars that host multiple exoplanets. The book includes some of the latest discoveries from the Kepler and now K2 missions, as well as applications to exoplanets discovered via the radial velocity method. Specifically, the authors give a unique perspective in relation to the discovery of planets in binary star systems and the current search for extrasolar moons.

Download or read book Formation and Evolution of Exoplanets written by Rory Barnes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die Theorie der Planetenentstehung, im Zusammenhang präsentiert: Hier finden Sie Informationen zu allen wichtigen Aspekten, dazu sorgfältig recherchierte Literaturverweise und Bibliographien zum Weiterlesen. Mit einem Kapitel zu den jüngsten Beobachtungen.

Download or read book Planetary Habitability In Binary Systems written by Pilat-lohinger Elke and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astrophysical research has led to the detection of thousands of planets outside the Solar System. About one-tenth of the extrasolar planets discovered so far reside in binary- or multi-stellar systems, and some of the closest known rocky exoplanets populate these multiple-star systems. While such environments seem good places to look for a second Earth, can Earth-like planets with two or more suns be habitable? And do solar system-like configurations have to be detected to find a habitable exo-Earth?This book addresses these questions. Starting with a brief overview of the various types of double star-planet configurations that have been observed so far, the book discusses the intriguing variety of planetary motion in such environments, taking into account the stellar type, evolution, and activity, and elaborates on how the presence of an additional stellar companion affects planet formation, system architectures and the habitability of planets in binary star systems. New methodologies developed in this area of research are explained and demonstrated for systems such as Alpha-Centauri, HD41004, Kepler-35, and many others. This monograph provides a grand entry to the exciting results that we expect from new missions like TESS, CHEOPS and Plato.

Download or read book Transiting Exoplanets written by Carole A. Haswell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-29 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The methods used in the detection and characterisation of exoplanets are presented in this unique textbook for advanced undergraduates.

Download or read book Prebiotic Chemistry and Life s Origin written by Michele Fiore and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2022-06-29 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How life originated from the inanimate mixture of organic and inorganic compounds on the priomordial earth remains one of the great unknowns in science. This origin of life, or abiogenesis, continues to be examined in the context of the conditions and materials required for natural life to have begun on Earth both theoretically and experimentally. This book provides a broad but in-depth analysis of the latest discoveries in prebiotic chemsitry from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale; utilising experimental insight to provide a bottom up approach to plausibly explaining how life arose. With contributions from global leaders, this book is an ideal reference for postgraduate students and a single source of comprehensive information on the latest technical and theoretical advancements for researchers in a variety of fields from astrochemistry and astrophysics to organic chemistry and evolution.

Download or read book Exoplanet Science Strategy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has delivered remarkable discoveries in the study of exoplanets. Hand-in-hand with these advances, a theoretical understanding of the myriad of processes that dictate the formation and evolution of planets has matured, spurred on by the avalanche of unexpected discoveries. Appreciation of the factors that make a planet hospitable to life has grown in sophistication, as has understanding of the context for biosignatures, the remotely detectable aspects of a planet's atmosphere or surface that reveal the presence of life. Exoplanet Science Strategy highlights strategic priorities for large, coordinated efforts that will support the scientific goals of the broad exoplanet science community. This report outlines a strategic plan that will answer lingering questions through a combination of large, ambitious community-supported efforts and support for diverse, creative, community-driven investigator research.

Download or read book Solar System Astrophysics written by Eugene F. Milone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Solar System Astrophysics: Planetary Atmospheres and the Outer Solar System provides a timely update of our knowledge of planetary atmospheres and of the bodies of the outer solar system and their analogs in other planetary systems. This volume begins with an expanded treatment of the physics, chemistry, and meteorology of the atmospheres of the Earth, Venus, and Mars, moving on to their magnetospheres and then to a full discussion of the gas and ice giants and their properties. From here, attention switches to the small bodies of the solar system, beginning with the natural satellites. The comets, meteors, meteorites, and asteroids are discussed in order, and the volume concludes with the origin and evolution of our solar system. Finally, a fully revised section on extrasolar planetary systems puts the development of our system in a wider and increasingly well understood galactic context. All of the material is presented within a framework of historical importance. This book and its sister volume, Solar System Astrophysics: Background Science and the Inner Solar system, are pedagogically well written, providing clearly illustrated explanations, for example, of such topics as the numerical integration of the Adams-Williamson equation, the equations of state in planetary interiors and atmospheres, Maxwell’s equations as applied to planetary ionospheres and magnetospheres, and the physics and chemistry of the Habitable Zone in planetary systems. Together, the volumes form a comprehensive text for any university course that aims to deal with all aspects of solar and extra-solar planetary systems. They will appeal separately to the intellectually curious who would like to know how just how far our knowledge of the solar system has progressed in recent years.

Download or read book Astrodynamics Network AstroNet II written by Gerard Gómez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the proceedings of the "AstroNet-II International Final Conference". This conference was one of the last milestones of the Marie-Curie Research Training Network on Astrodynamics "AstroNet-II", that has been funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme. The aim of the conference, and thus this book, is to communicate work on astrodynamics problems to an international and specialised audience. The results are presented by both members of the network and invited specialists. The topics include: trajectory design and control, attitude control, structural flexibility of spacecraft and formation flying. The book addresses a readership across the traditional boundaries between mathematics, engineering and industry by offering an interdisciplinary and multisectorial overview of the field.