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Book The Effect of Post mountain Pine Beetle Salvage Treatments on Fuel Loads and Fuel Moisture Dynamics in Colorado Lodgepole Pine Forest

Download or read book The Effect of Post mountain Pine Beetle Salvage Treatments on Fuel Loads and Fuel Moisture Dynamics in Colorado Lodgepole Pine Forest written by Paul Robert Hood and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the Rocky Mountain region, recent infestations by the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae; MPB) have caused widespread tree mortality and accumulation of dead, woody fuels. As forest management strategies are implemented to reduce the increase in surface fuel loads and salvage harvest of standing dead for use as lumber or biofuels, an understanding of the impacts of such actions is critical for making sound management decisions. To quantify how harvesting MPB-killed forest may affect fuel loads and fuel moisture content (FMC), we compared two types of salvage harvest - biomass removal and retention - and untreated lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta , LPP) forest, approximately 10 years post MPB epidemic, in the Colorado State Forest located in north-central Colorado. Fuel loads measurements were collected across three treatments in 10 experimental blocks. Each block compared biomass removal and biomass retention harvests with untreated MPB-killed forest. To determine whether surface woody fuels FMC differed between untreated MPB and harvested stands, three FMC stations were constructed at each of the 30 plots within the 10 block design. FMC stations consisted of recently harvested fuels in each fuel moisture time-lag class (1, 10, 100, 1000-hour). Each FMC station was measured weekly from late-May until mid-October and fuel moisture was calculated as the percentage of dry biomass. Additionally, 10 weather stations, five in treated and five in untreated forest, were deployed to detect differences in microclimate between treated and untreated stands. Biomass retention harvest resulted in a 30% increase in surface fuels overall with 3x greater coarse fuels (1000hr) and ~1.5x greater activity fuels (1 & 10hr) than biomass removal harvests. Both harvest methods resulted in 2x more activity fuels than untreated plots. Harvesting resulted in significantly lower FMC in 1-, 10-, 100- and 1000-hour fuels. 10-, 100- and 1000-hour fuels in treated plots dropped below the moisture of extinction (25% FMC) much earlier in the sampling period, and the 100- and 1000- hours fuels remained lower than the moisture of extinction for a greater amount of the sampling season. Litter/duff temperature and wind speed were found to be significantly greater in treated plots and precipitation was found to have the greatest effect on FMC in untreated plots. Managers should be cautioned that treated areas may exhibit increased fuels loads, lower FMC earlier in the year and contain less moisture throughout the fire season that may result in increased fire behavior and effects. If managers are seeking a treatment that is exclusively intended for ease of wildfire suppression, biomass removal should be the most successful in achieving their objectives.

Book Salvage Harvest Effects on Advance Tree Regeneration Soil Nitrogen and Fuels Following Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak in Lodgepole Pine

Download or read book Salvage Harvest Effects on Advance Tree Regeneration Soil Nitrogen and Fuels Following Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak in Lodgepole Pine written by Jacob M. Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent and severity of recent native bark beetle (Dendroctonae) outbreaks in western North America have created a pressing need for forest managers to understand potential consequences of post-disturbance management. For example, post-outbreak timber harvest (i.e., salvage harvest) could alter future forest development, productivity and susceptibility to subsequent disturbance. To assess the potential for such consequences, we measured first-year effects of post-outbreak timber harvest on tree regeneration, soil nitrogen (N) availability and fuels by using a paired and replicated before?after-control-impact (BACI) experimental design with eight pairs of 0.25-ha plots in beetle-killed lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) in Greater Yellowstone (Wyoming, USA). Post-outbreak timber harvest reduced total (live + dead) lodgepole pine basal area by 90%. Total sapling density (advance regeneration) declined by about 50% following harvest, with tall (30?140 cm) saplings declining most, but mean post-harvest sapling density still exceeded 1600 stems ha^?1. Relative species density was unaffected and remained dominated by lodgepole pine. Soil temperature at the litter?soil interface was warmer during summer in harvested stands, and soil View the MathML source concentration increased with harvest relative to untreated plots. Soil View the MathML source concentration and resin bag N accumulation increased through time in all beetle-killed plots and were not affected by harvest. Following harvest, dead woody surface fuels in all size categories doubled, and canopy fuel load and canopy bulk density both were reduced; dead fuel depth, duff depth, and canopy base height did not differ between untreated and harvested plots. Harvest did reduce canopy fuels, but the natural progression of needle shedding after beetle-kill accounted for 25?40% of this total canopy fuel reduction. Salvage harvest seems unlikely to alter post-outbreak successional trajectories in these lodgepole pine forests. However, the altered fuel complex (immediate increase in dead woody surface fuels and expected long-term reduction in large-diameter fuels) in harvested plots could cause subsequent fire behavior and effects to differ between harvested and untreated stands.

Book Fuel and Stand Characteristics in Ponderosa Pine Infested with Mountain Pine Beetle Ips Spp and Southwestern Dwarf Mistletoe in Colorado s Northern Front Range

Download or read book Fuel and Stand Characteristics in Ponderosa Pine Infested with Mountain Pine Beetle Ips Spp and Southwestern Dwarf Mistletoe in Colorado s Northern Front Range written by Jennifer Gene Klutsch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Hydrologic Effects of Mountain Pine Beetle Infestation and Salvage harvesting Operations

Download or read book Hydrologic Effects of Mountain Pine Beetle Infestation and Salvage harvesting Operations written by John F. Rex and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project was developed to identify a set of risk indicators to predict the risk of summer-ground loss at the watershed level within the Vanderhoof Forest District (VFD) and others, subsequent to the mountain pine beetle (MPB) infestation of lodgepole pine stands. This report was done in relation to the VFD annual cut of stands, and the following difficultings that operators found in running their equipment in wet versus dry soils in harvest years. Risk indicators were selected from available GIS information, aerial photographs, and local knowledge. The most effective indicators for predicting the risk of wet-ground areas at the watershed level were found to be lodgepole pine content, understorey, drainage density, sensitive soils, and the topographic index, all of whose values are available from provincial databases. The work includes information on materials and methods, results and discussion, the authors' conclusions, as well as recommendations.--Includes text from document.

Book Diesel Fuel Oil for Increasing Mountain Pine Beetle Mortality in Felled Logs

Download or read book Diesel Fuel Oil for Increasing Mountain Pine Beetle Mortality in Felled Logs written by S. A. Mata and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel fuel oil was applied to mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) infested bolts of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson) in early June. Just prior to the fuel oil application and 6 weeks later, 0.5 ft|p2|s bark samples were removed from each bolt and the numbers of live beetles counted. Beetle survival was 8.3% in bolts arranged in a single layer and 4.8% in bolts arranged in 2 layers.

Book Residual Activity of Carbaryl Protected Lodgepole Pine Against Mountain Pine Beetle Dillon Colorado 1982 and 1983

Download or read book Residual Activity of Carbaryl Protected Lodgepole Pine Against Mountain Pine Beetle Dillon Colorado 1982 and 1983 written by Marion Page and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is the most destructive insect that attacks lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.), a species valued for multiple uses throughtout North America. The effective residual life of carbaryl, applied as a 2 percent suspension of Sevimol to the bark of lodgepole pine to prevent attack by mountain pine beetle, was evaluated near Dillon, Colorado. Trees (9,568) treated in 1982 under operational conditions were used to assess the efficacy of the treatment for one and two beetle flight periods after insecticide application. Estimated mortality of untreated trees was 0.91 percent compared with 0.074 percent for trees treated 16 months earlier with carbaryl. Residues of carbaryl were estimated at 359 ppm 16 months after application. When exposed to intense beetle pressure, bolts from trees treated 13 months earlier suffered fewer attacks and had shorter mean egg gallery length than did bolts from untreated trees; bolts from trees sprayed 3 months earlier suffered no attacks. Apparently a 2 percent suspension of carbaryl applied to the bole of lodgepole pine was effective in protecting lodgepole pine from mountain pine beetle for the flight period 3 months after application and even provided protection for a second flight period 16 months after treatment. I The results suggest that protection cost and I insecticide use could be reduced by 50 percent during a 4-year outbreak.

Book Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Ponderosa Pine Comparing Methods for Rating Susceptibility

Download or read book Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Ponderosa Pine Comparing Methods for Rating Susceptibility written by David C. Chojnacky and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two empirical methods for rating susceptibility of mountain pine beetle attack in ponderosa pine were evaluated. The methods were compared to stand data modeled to objectively rate each sampled stand for susceptibly to bark-beetle attack. Data on bark-beetle attacks, from a survey of 45 sites throughout the Colorado Plateau, were modeled using logistic regression to estimate the probability of attack on individual trees from tree and stand variables. The logistic model allowed flexibility to easily scale results up to a stand level for comparison to the empirical methods. The empirical method, developed by Munson and Anhold, most closely correlated to the logistic regression results. However, the Munson/Anhold method rated all 45 study sites as either moderately or highly susceptible to bark-beetle attack, which raises concern about its lack of sensitivity. Future work on evaluating risk of bark-beetle impact should consider more than stand characteristics.

Book Predicting Mountain Pine Beetle Impacts on Lodgepole Pine Stands and Woody Debris Characteristics in a Mixed Severity Fire Regime Using Prognosis BC and the Fire and Fuels Extension

Download or read book Predicting Mountain Pine Beetle Impacts on Lodgepole Pine Stands and Woody Debris Characteristics in a Mixed Severity Fire Regime Using Prognosis BC and the Fire and Fuels Extension written by Pacific Forestry Centre and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Mountain Pine Beetle

Download or read book The Mountain Pine Beetle written by Pacific Forestry Centre and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents a synthesis of published information on mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins [Coleoptera: Scolytidae]) biology and management with an emphasis on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) forests of western Canada. Intended as a reference for researchers as well as forest managers, the book covers three main subject areas: mountain pine beetle biology, management, and socioeconomic concerns. The chapters on biology cover taxonomy, life history and habits, distribution, insect-host tree interactions, development and survival, epidemiology, and outbreak history. The management section covers management strategy, survey and detection, proactive and preventive management, and decision support tools. The chapters on socioeconomic aspects include an economic examination of management programs and the utilization of post-beetle salvage timber in solid wood, panelboard, pulp and paper products."--Publisher's description.

Book A Synthesis of the Hydrological Consequences of Large scale Mountain Pine Beetle Disturbance

Download or read book A Synthesis of the Hydrological Consequences of Large scale Mountain Pine Beetle Disturbance written by Markus Schnorbus and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current synthesis is a review of research examining the effects of large-scale mountain pine beetle (MPB)-related disturbance conducted predominantly over the past five years. The emphasis is on research that explicitly examines the impact of beetle kill (or biotic disturbance in general) and the cumulative effects of large scale salvage harvesting operations in response to beetle kill. In general, forest disturbance has been found to increase snow accumulation and melt, reduce interception loss and evaporation, and increase runoff and stream flow.--Document.

Book Assessment of Post beetle Impacts on Natural Regeneration of Lodgepole Pine

Download or read book Assessment of Post beetle Impacts on Natural Regeneration of Lodgepole Pine written by Keith Norman Egger and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper the authors characterize lodgepole pine regeneration and the related micro-site conditions across a range of disturbance scenarios associated with mountain pine beetle (MPB) infestation and wildfire; indentify limitations for the germination, servival, recruitment and growth of natural and artificial regeneration in relation to the effects of site moisture, fire severity, and competition by vegetation; and provide guidance on how to manage beetle-infested lodgepole pine stands subsequently burned by wildfires. The work includes information on materials and methods, results and discussion, the authors' conclusions, as well as recommendations.--Includes text from document.