Download or read book The Effect of Dietary Calcium and Sodium on Blood Pressure Regulation and Calcium Homeostasis in Blacks written by Vasantha Reddy and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutritional Factors in Hypertension written by Herbert Langford and published by Wiley-Liss. This book was released on 1990 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the various mechanisms by which nutritional factors can effect changes in blood pressure or maintain normal homeostasis. Divided into two concise sections, it consists of studies by leading biochemical researchers and clinicians on the influence of selected nutrients and dietary calcium. Section A discusses the pathophysiologic role of such factors as potassium, dietary fat and fiber, alcohol, and sodium intake. Section B focuses on calcium intake and its link with the pathogenesis of common, chronic disease. It probes such issues as the epidemiologic relationship between lower calcium intake and hypertension, the blood pressure response to increased calcium intake, the physiology of intestinal calcium absorption, and the transport of calcium to the cell.
Download or read book The Effect of Alterations in Dietary Sodium and Calcium on the Development of Hypertension in Wistar Rats written by Susan Nordbye Marton and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-08-26 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As essential nutrients, sodium and potassium contribute to the fundamentals of physiology and pathology of human health and disease. In clinical settings, these are two important blood electrolytes, are frequently measured and influence care decisions. Yet, blood electrolyte concentrations are usually not influenced by dietary intake, as kidney and hormone systems carefully regulate blood values. Over the years, increasing evidence suggests that sodium and potassium intake patterns of children and adults influence long-term population health mostly through complex relationships among dietary intake, blood pressure and cardiovascular health. The public health importance of understanding these relationships, based upon the best available evidence and establishing recommendations to support the development of population clinical practice guidelines and medical care of patients is clear. This report reviews evidence on the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and indicators of adequacy, toxicity, and chronic disease. It updates the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) using an expanded DRI model that includes consideration of chronic disease endpoints, and outlines research gaps to address the uncertainties identified in the process of deriving the reference values and evaluating public health implications.
Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Water Potassium Sodium Chloride and Sulfate written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-06-18 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.
Download or read book Calcium Hunger written by Jay Schulkin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the behavioral, physiological, and neuroendocrine regulation of calcium. An understanding of how the brain orchestrates whole-body demands for calcium is introduced. The approach is one in which behavior in addition to physiology serves bodily maintenance. The book links basic and clinical literature surrounding calcium homeostatis, as a wide variety of clinical syndromes are tied to calcium metablolism. Because calcium is so important during life stages particular to women, an emphasis is placed on the relevance of calcium to women's health throughout the book, though not exclusively since calcium is fundamental to both sexes.
Download or read book Calcium in the Hypertension Management written by Suneetha Epuru and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension is a heterogeneous disease, having a variety of precipitating factors. In recent times, Dietary calcium received considerable attention for its possible role in the regulation of the blood pressure. Research interest in the role of dietary calcium for the management of hypertension stemmed from observations that in some cases, hypertension occurs concomitant with calcium abnormalities; and also from the search for nonpharmacological ways to prevent or control hypertension. Despite the growing evidence, published reports on the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary calcium were scarce from Indian subcontinent. The current research work therefore focused to study the effect of calcium status and supplementation (dietary vs. nondietary) on hypertension and the results indicate the possible potential benefits of calcium in preventing or controlling existing as well as new-onset of hypertension. Potential antihypertensive effects of dietary calcium could be of great significance for India, since it may pay high dividends as a safe, effective and economical non-pharmacological intervention.
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels on Human Blood Pressures written by Janice Hagmann Mearkle and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Dietary Sodium and Potassium on Heart Small and Large Vessel Properties written by Maciej Marciniak and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Raised blood pressure is associated with increased risk of heart disease, impaired endothelial function, structural and functional abnormalities in large and small vessels. It has been shown that dietary sodium and potassium intake play an important role in regulating blood pressure. One of sodium's major functions is to regulate blood volume and pressure including the flexibility of the blood vessels. Increased sodium intake contributes development of hypertension. On the other hand an increased potassium intake lowers blood pressure and experimental studies have shown beneficial effect on endothelial function, vasculature and heart. Previous studies have predominantly used potassium chloride whereas potassium in fruit and vegetables - the main dietary sources of potassium - exists as other types of potassium salt. Aims: The purpose of this work is to study the effect of changing dietary sodium and potassium intake on blood pressure, heart, large and small vasculature and endothelial function. Methods: We carried out two double blind randomized control trials and included 187 subjects in modest salt reduction study and 46 subjects in potassium supplementation study. In the salt reduction study participants were allocated in random order to take 90mmol slow sodium tablets or placebo tables daily for 6 weeks then crossed over to take the opposite. Participants were on a reduced salt intake throughout the whole study. In the potassium supplementation study participants were allocated to take 64mmol potassium chloride (KCL) or bicarbonate (KHC03) or placebo tablets for 4 weeks in the randomised crossover design. We measured BP, large vessel property using PWV and 2D imaging of proximal part of ascending aorta, echocardiographic parameters of LV mass and function. Microcirculation changes were measured by capillaroscopy and orthogonal polarization spectral imaging (OPS). Endothelial function was performed using FMD. Additionally albumin excretion, renin angiotensin aldosteron system activity and bone metabolism parameters were measured. Results: Modest salt reduction study showed significant decrease in BP, urinary albumin excretion, albumin/creatinine ratio and PWV. Echocardiographic parameters remained unaltered. Subgroup analysis showed significant reductions in BP and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and PWV in blacks. We observed an increase in capillary density in all ethnic groups. Potassium supplementation did not affect office BP and only 24-h and day-time systolic BP was lower with KCL. Compared to placebo, both potassium salts significantly improved endothelial function, increased arterial compliance, decreased LV mass, and improved LV diastolic function. Increased capillary density was seen only when measured by OPS. The study also showed that KCL reduced urinary albumin excretion, and KHC03 improved bone metabolism. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that a modest reduction in salt intake, causes significant falls in BP, reduces urinary albumin excretion and improves large artery compliance in all 3 ethnic groups. Also improvement in both functional and structural capillary rarefaction was observed. Results of potassium supplementation demonstrated that an increase in potassium intake had beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and KHC03 may improve bone health.
Download or read book Dietary Calcium written by Laurie Lynn Hardwick and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Calcium Supplementation on Pressure natriuresis and Blood Pressure in Dahl Salt sensitive Rats written by Tammy Varmille Butler and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Salt and Hypertension written by Rainer Rettig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controversy regarding the wisdom of a high salt intake has been with us for 5000 years. In the Nei Ching, the oldest of the extant medical writings, the Yellow Emperor observed, "Hence, if too much salt is in the food, the pulse hardens, tears make their appearance, and the complexion changes". At about the same period in history, Job asked the question, "Can that which is unsavory be eaten without salt?" It is not apparent whether or not the Almighty provided a clear answer. The connection between dietary salt intake and hypertension was appreciated following the observations of AMBARD, BEAUJARD, VOLLHARD, ALLEN, and others. However, DAHL emphasized this relationship, as demonstrated by his epidemiological observations, his studies in human subjects, and his development of a genetically mediated form of salt-sensitive hypertension in rats. DAHL and his followers argued that hypertension was a disease of acculturation, or even of self-abuse. Undaunted by skeptics such as PICKERING, they suggested that if Western man would merely curtail his intake of the granular condiment, hypertension would not develop and blood pressure would not increase with age. Bucolic native societies were given as examples where such cardiovascular bliss was readily attained.
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Intake on Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Homeostasis written by Emily S. Wires and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Dietary Sodium and Calcium on the Renal Handling of Calcium by Oophorectomised Rats written by Rachel Ann Mason and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dietary Calcium to Protein Ratio and Vitamin D Influence on Calcitropic Hormones Adiposity Adipokines and Lipidemia in Caucasian and African American Postmenopausal Women Utilizing Sem Analyses written by Jennifer Lynn Lemacks and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Obesity is the top public health threat in the US and commonly precedes cardiovascular disease. Incidence and prevalence rates for obesity have remained stable for women greater than 40 years of age over the past decade. Dietary calcium is known for its role in bone health and has also been implicated to have a role in body adiposity, adipokine concentration, and lipidemia. Calcium homeostasis may be affected by various dietary factors, including dietary protein and vitamin D. This study examined differences in serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and adipocytokine (adiponectin and leptin) hormone concentrations between Caucasian and African American (AA) groups of postmenopausal women. Also examined were the effects of dietary calcium-to-protein ratio and vitamin D intake on circulating levels of 25(OH)D and PTH, adiposity [body adiposity index (BAI), body mass index (BMI), and girth circumferences], adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, and leptin:adiponectin ratio), and lipidemia [triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL) levels] using structural equation modeling (SEM). Using baseline data, one hundred and thirteen Caucasian women from a USDA-funded study and 48 AA women from an NIH-funded study met inclusion criteria. Lower calcium consumers (
Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Vitamin D and Fluoride written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-17 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approachâ€"the result: Dietary Reference Intakes. This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease. The first volume of Dietary Reference Intakes includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The second book in the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age groupâ€"from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses: Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group. Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people. This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.
