Download or read book The Effect of Age on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in the Aging Male Fischer 344 Rat written by Lisa Marie Larkin and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Ageing and High Fat Diet on the Gene Expression of Adrenomedullin and Its Receptor Components in Rat Skeletal Muscles and Adipose Tissues written by Hei-Man Chow and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Effects of Ageing and High-fat Diet on the Gene Expression of Adrenomedullin and Its Receptor Components in Rat Skeletal Muscles and Adipose Tissues" by Hei-man, Chow, 周熙文, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled The Effects of Ageing and High-Fat Diet on the Gene Expression of Adrenomedullin and its Receptor Components in Rat Skeletal Muscles and Adipose Tissues Submitted by Hei Man Chow for the Degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong In August 2007 Metabolic syndrome is characterized by obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and atherogenesis. Insulin resistance is a state in which a given concentration of insulin produces a sub-optimal biological effect in target tissues of skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver. Despite reports about the presence of adrenomedullin (AM) in skeletal muscles and adipose tissues, and the effect of high-fat diet induced obesity on its expression, details of the effects of ageing on AM levels in rat have not been reported. Here, the effects of ageing and high-fat diet on the gene expression of AM and its receptor component proteins, the metabolic effects of AM on skeletal and adipose tissue and the regulation of AM gene expression by glucose and insulin are reported. Both ageing and high-fat diet reduce the gene expression of preproAM in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. For the gene expression of receptor component proteins in the skeletal muscle, calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) was reduced by both, but the receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP) 2 was only decreased on ageing. In the adipose tissue, significant reductions of gene expression were observed in all the receptor component proteins (CRLR, RAMP1, RAMP2 and RAMP3) from the ageing study only. Moreover, immunoreactive (ir-) AM peptide contents were decreased by the ageing and high-fat diet in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. All these changes might suggest a reduction of AM level and functions. Obesity is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Ageing is also characterized by hyperinsulinemia. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia might affect the gene expression of AM in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. We found a decrease in AM gene expression by insulin in vitro in the skeletal muscle, similar to the adipose tissue, as reported previously. However, glucose did not lead to any significant changes. These suggest the AM gene expression in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue is under transcription control of insulin but not glucose. The changes in AM gene expression suggested that AM might play roles in the regulation of fuel metabolism in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. We extended the studies to the effects of AM on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and found that was inhibited by AM in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Such effects were reversed by a specific AM blocker, hAM(22-52); as well as a specific protein kinase A blocker, H89. Lipolysis in adipose tissue was enhanced with AM. These findings showed the increase in AM might be a possible cause to the insulin resistance. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3876701 Subjects: Adrenomedullin Gene expression Adipose tissues Aging Food habits Rats - Physiology
Download or read book Nutrition and Skeletal Muscle written by Stéphane Walrand and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition and Skeletal Muscle provides coverage of the evidence of dietary components that have proven beneficial for bettering adverse changes in skeletal muscle from disuse and aging. Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the body, providing elements of contraction and locomotion and acting as an important contributor to whole body protein and amino metabolism, glucose disposal and lipid metabolism. However, muscle loss, atrophy or weakness can occur when there are metabolic imbalances, disuse or aging. This book addresses the topic by providing insight and research from international leaders, making it the go-to reference for those in skeletal muscle physiology. - Provides an understanding of the crucial role of skeletal muscle in global metabolic homeostasis regulation - Delivers the information needed to understand the utilization of crucial supplements for the preservation of skeletal muscle - Presents insights on research from international leaders in the field
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Aging written by Richard Schulz and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Print+CourseSmart
Download or read book Frailty in Aging written by O. Theou and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frailty represents an important challenge for aging populations. As a concept it is full of 'known unknowns' such as which mechanisms lead to frailty and how it is best managed. In order to examine these circumstances, the new science of understanding and managing frailty requires an appropriate framing of the problem. This publication investigates the biology and management of frailty and its social aspects. It considers these and related questions: How can we recognize frailty? How does an understanding of frailty increase our comprehension of the aging process? What are its implications for health care systems, including primary care, hospitals and rehabilitation? How will a growing number of frail older adults affect society more generally? The book focuses on frailty as a state of vulnerability, which is related to aging, but which can occur across the life course, and aims to improve the life of frail people and those around them. The book is highly recommended to researchers in aging, health science researchers, health care professionals and anyone interested in the understanding of the aging process.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Aging written by Linda S. Noelker, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006-03-17 with total page 1444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE ON GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS Since its inception in 1987, The Encyclopedia of Aging has proven to be the definitive resource for scholars and students across the burgeoning and increasingly interdisciplinary fields of gerontology and geriatrics. Like its three esteemed predecessors, the fourth edition contains concise, readable explorations of hundreds of terms, concepts, and issues related to the lives of older adults, as well as timely coverage of the many new programs and services for the elderly. Updated, under the distinguished stewardship of editor-in-chief Richard Schulz to reflect the infusion of new information across the scientific disciplines, this new edition brings readers up-to-the-moment significant advances in biology, physiology, genetics, medicine, psychology, nursing, social services, sociology, economics, technology, and political science. While retaining the format and standard of excellence that marked the first three editions, the fourth edition encompasses a wealth of new information from the social and health sciences. It contains the most current bibliography of an expanding literature, an exhaustive index, and extensive cross references. This much anticipated update of the field's most authoritative resource will take its place as an indispensable reference for specialists and non-specialists across a broad range of disciplines that now comprise the field of aging. SPRINGER--SERVING THE HEALTHCARE AND HELPING PROFESSIONS FOR MORE THAN 55 YEARS
Download or read book Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Sarcopenia in Aging and in Muscular Dystrophy A Translational Approach written by Luciano Merlini and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Loss of muscle mass and increased fibrosis characterize both sarcopenia of aging and muscular dystrophy. Research is increasingly showing that these two conditions also share several pathophysiological mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, increased apoptosis, abnormal modulation of autophagy, decline in satellite cells, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, and abnormal regulation of signaling and stress response pathways. This Research Topic will cover several mechanisms involved in aging and dystrophic sarcopenia and explore the therapeutic potential of various strategies for intervention.
Download or read book Influence of Calorie Restriction on Skeletal Muscle Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Sensitivity written by Annie C.. Gazdag and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Metabolism and Lifespan Determination written by M.P. Mattson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts in the fields of energy metabolism, aging and oxidative stress provide an integrated view of how mechanisms involved in regulating energy metabolism are linked to fundamental processes of aging including cellular stress resistance and free radical production. During evolution signal transduction pathways and organ systems have been optimised for the efficient seeking, ingestion, storing and using of energy. These signalling pathways play prominent roles in lifespan determination with insulin and related signalling pathways being prime examples. The authors consider how lifespan and healthspan can be extended through knowledge of energy metabolism with the experimental model of dietary restriction being one example. The information in this volume of ACAG will foster novel approaches and experiments for further understanding the roles of energy metabolism in aging and disease.
Download or read book The Retardation of Aging and Disease by Dietary Restriction written by Richard Weindruch and published by Charles C Thomas Pub Limited. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Exercise written by C. Sen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-16 with total page 1219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the science of exercise dates back to the time of ancient Greece. Today exercise is viewed not only as a leisurely activity but also as an effective preventive and therapeutic tool in medicine. Further biomedical studies in exercise physiology and biochemistry reports that strenuous physical exercise might cause oxidative lipid damage in various tissues. The generation of reactive oxygen species is elevated to a level that overwhelms the tissue antioxidant defense systems resulting in oxidative stress.The Handbook of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Exercise examines the different aspects of exercise-induced oxidative stress, its management, and how reactive oxygen may affect the functional capacity of various vital organs and tissues. It includes key related issues such as analytical methods, environmental factors, nutrition, aging, organ function and several pathophysiological processes.This timely publication will be of relevance to those in biomedical science and was designed to be readily understood by the general scientific audience.
Download or read book Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing Part II Clinical Science written by J. Robin Harris and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the subcellular Biochemistry series will attempt to bridge the gap between the subcellular events that are related to aging as they were described in the first volume of this set of two books and the reality of aging as this is seen in clinical practice. All chapters will start from the biochemistry or cell biology, where the data is available and work up towards the understanding that we have of aging in the various areas that are related to the subject. Key focus points for this volume are nutrition, external factors and genetics on aging. There will also be chapters that will focus on various organs or tissues in which aging has been well studied, like the eyes, the muscles, the immune system and the bones. The aim of the book project and the book project that is published in concert with this volume is to bring the subcellular and clinical areas into closer contact.
Download or read book Nutrition and Aging written by Irwin H. Rosenberg and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanity is aging. In the last century, life expectancy has increased by as much as 25 years, the greatest increase in 5'000 years of history. As a consequence the elderly constitute today the fastest growing segment of the world's population. This new situation creates many social problems and challenges to health care which both the developed as well as the developing countries will have to cope with. The present publication shows that scientific progress has reached a level where nutritional interventions may play a decisive part in the prevention of degenerative conditions of age, improvement of quality of life and impact on health care burden and resources. Topics deal with such different aspects as the influence of prenatal and early infant nutrition on the future aged individual and effects of energetic restriction on longevity. Further contributions include studies on mitochondrial alterations, digestive problems, specific metabolic deviations mediated by insulin, bone degradation, structural changes, neuromuscular dysfunctions, mental state of the elderly as well as the response of the immune system to nutrient intake. Finally the book offers a review of requirements appropriate to meet the age-related public health challenges of the 21st century.
Download or read book Effect of Dietary Carbohydrates on Aging in Male Fischer 344 Rats written by Linda Lingelbach and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Human Health and Disease Prevention written by Debasis Bagchi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional foods and nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, and natural antioxidants have established their potential roles in the protection of human health against disease. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Human Health and Disease Prevention examines the benefits, efficacy, and success of properly designed nutraceuticals and functional foods
Download or read book Functional Neurobiology of Aging written by Patrick R. Hof and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-01-11 with total page 989 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some well-known age-related neurological diseases include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, deafness, and blindness. Even more common are the problems of aging which are not due to disease but to more subtle impairments in neurobiological systems, including impairments in vision, memory loss, muscle weakening, and loss of reproductive functions, changes in body weight, and sleeplessness. As the average age of our society increases, diseases of aging continue to become more common, and conditions associated with aging need more attention by doctors and researchers. In 1991, patients over the age of 65 saw their doctors an average of eight times per year. Research funding is provided by the Neuroscience and Neuropsychology of Aging (NNA) Program, which is run by the National Institute on Aging. This book offers a comprehensive overview of all topics related to functional impairments which are related to the aging brain and nervous system. It is organized according to four general functions: movement, senses, memory, and neuroendocrine regulation. Written by the leading researchers in the field, this comprehensive work addresses both impairments associated with diseases and not associated with diseases, making it easier to understand the mechanisms involved. Functional Neurobiology of Aging is an important reference for professionals and students involved in aging research, as well as physicians who need to recognize and understand age-related impairments. - Organized by function, making it easy to find and understand the material - Addresses impairments both associated with diseases and not associated with diseases - Written by leading researchers in the field - Most comprehensive source of information on the neurobiology of aging
