Download or read book Planning and Ecology written by R. D. Roberts and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professional planning is commonly defined as an activity which is concerned with the rational allocation or exploitation of resources for man's maximum short- and long-term benefit. The science of. ecology is the study of the basic components of these resources (soil, water, air etc. ) and their inter relationships with living organisms. Planning and ecology therefore have many common interests and, as such, have long been associated in resource management. This association was, for example, reflected as early as the 19th century in the writings of Patrick Geddes, the progenitor of modern town planning, whose training as a biologist led him to re-interpret the phenomena of urbanization in ecological terms (Geddes, 1886). Since the time of Geddes the place of ecology has declined in planning circles as other professions and considerations, initially public health and engineering, latterly economic and sociological, have become more central. The reasons for this shifting emphasis are three-fold. First, they reflect changing social attitudes and aspirations in the post-war period. Secondly, many other professions and persuasions (agriculturalists, foresters, in dustrialists etc. ) became organized as pressure groups and helped shape public attitudes and governmental actions. Thirdly, and by far the most important reason, is the prevalence of misconceptions about ecology. Too many people, perhaps misled by the debate surrounding the' environmental movement', equate ecology with conservation. In reality, conservation is but one component part of ecology.

Download or read book River and Stream Ecosystems of the World written by Colbert E. Cushing and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2006-02-06 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ia a synopsis and review of the major rivers of the world.

Download or read book Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement written by Anne E. Magurran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although diversity is one of the central themes of ecology there is considerable disagreement ab out how it should be measured. I first encountered this problem 10 ycars ago whcn I started my research career and spent a long time pouring ovcr the literature in order to find the most useful techniques. The intervening decade has seen a further increasc in the number ofpapers devoted to the topic of ecological diversity but has led to no consensus on how it should be measured. My aim in writing this book is therefore to provide a practical guide to ecological diversity and its measurement. In a quantitative subject such as the measurement of diversity it is inevitable that some mathematics are involved, but at all times these are kept as simple as possible, and the emphasis is constantly on ecological reality and practical application. I hope that others ente ring thc fascinating ficld of ecological diversity will find it hclpful. This book grew out of my work in The School of Biological and Environmental Studies at the New University ofUlster, Coleraine, Northern Ircland. I am indebted to all the ecologists there for pro vi ding a stimulating atmosphere. Foremost among these were Amyan Macfadyen and Palmer Newbould. A number of the figures and tables in the book are based on data collected in Northern Irish woodlands.

Download or read book Ecology and Management of Coppice Woodlands written by G.P. Buckley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-04-30 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed to by leading experts, this book looks at the history of coppice woodlands, their physical environment, the different management techniques used and their effects on the flora and fauna. The implications of this for conservation is controversial and this is debated in a lively way in many of the chapters.

Download or read book Ecology of Streams and Rivers written by Eugene Angelier and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aiming to describe the role of dominant ecological factors and of human activities on the organisms of running water and the functioning of the ecosystem, this work covers the few European water courses that are well known in ecological studies.

Download or read book The Ecology of Regulated Streams written by James Ward and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea for an international symposium on regulated streams was conceived over an open-faced sandwich at the R&dhus in Copenhagen when we attended the Congress of the Societas Internationalis Lim nologiae in summer 1977. Although· we were aware that various col leagues were working on ecological problems in reservoir tailwaters, we did not fully comprehend the magnitude of worldwide stream regu lation nor the extent of interest in the subject. Such revelations are reflected in the 21 papers included in this book. The authors have summarized current understanding of the ecology of regulated streams and attempted to convey the importance and direction of future scientific investigations in stream ecosystems altered by upstream impoundments. The First International Symposium on Regulated Streams was the plenary event at the 27th annual meeting of the North American Benthological Society, April 18-20, 1979, in Erie, Pennsylvania. More than 500 colleagues attended. We gratefully acknowledge the support granted by the National Science Foundation; these funds permitted intellectual exchange between scientists from eight coun tries on four continents. We extend personal thanks to Dr. K. W. Stewart, President of NABS, and the NABS Program Committee, including Drs. E. C. Masteller, E. R. Brezina, and W. P. Kovalak. These individuals and other officers and members of the Executive Committee assisted us with the many details leading to organization and staging of a scientific forum. Discussions with Dr. John Cairns, Jr. and Dr. G. Richard Marzolf during the early planning stage were most helpful.

Download or read book Biogeography and Ecology of Turkmenistan written by V. Fet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: remnants of gene pools of these species. Badghyz Natural Reserve, established in 1941, became a refuge for the last existing population of the Turkmen onager (Equus hemionus onager) and a unique pistachio woodland. A new generation oflocal Turkmen scientists, many of whom were trained by the Russian researchers in the graduate schools of Moscow and Leningrad arose from the 1930s through the 1950s. The Turkmen Academy of Sciences and its journal, Proceedings (including the monthly biological series), served to record the results of diverse biological studies in the republic. While basic science in the Middle Asian republics rather gained from the Russian "colonial" influence, natural resources, in contrast, were severely damaged by the Soviet way of handling the economy and social issues. Severe environmental problems have been inherited by the now independent Turkmenistan, including overgrazed desert pastures, deforested mountains, depleted water resources, accumulated pesticides in cotton fields, declining populations of endangered species of animals and plants, and - worst of al- progressing, human-caused desertification (Kharin this volume). In order to approach a solution to these problems, scientists and officials in the republic will need the close attention and help of the international scientific community.

Download or read book Principles and Methods in Landscape Ecology written by A. Farina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently considered a bridge between basic and Twopossibilities exist to expand landscape ecol applied ecology, landscape ecology occupies an ogy: one consists of developing new research, and important new niche in ecology,representing a new the other in developing a good educational frame star in the galaxy of the ecological sciences. work. Both are important and not in conflict. In this However, the broad spectrum of conceptual and spirit I have prepared this book, with the aim of methodological approaches has created a non summarizing the best theories, concepts, principles focused science strongly influenced by the more and methods in landscape ecology. It is an attempt dominant disciplines, such as landscape planning to reinforce the ecological research perspective, to and restoration, forest management, landscape consolidate principles and methods, validate proce architecture etc. dures and reconcile different positions, including The uncertain position of landscape ecology the geobotanic, animal and human perspectives. among the ecological disciplines is in contradiction The concept is very simple. I have no ambition with the general recognition that landscape is a spa to present new ideas and theories: I have worked to tial dimension in which important ecological create a tool mainly for classroom use but also processes occur, and landscape is becoming very appealing to a broad range of scientists and practi popular in many ecology-related fields, from plant tioners dealing with landscape ecology and its disease to animal behaviour. problems.

Download or read book Principles and Methods in Landscape Ecology written by Almo Farina and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-25 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third, thoroughly updated edition of a well received book, presents the most complete collection of theories, paradigms and methods utilized by the landscape sciences. With the introduction of new ecosemiotic concepts and innovative managing procedures, it offers a broad list of ecological, ecosemiotical and cultural tools to investigate, interpret and manage the environmental complexity according to a species-specific individual-based approach. Readers will discover the importance of a landscape perspective to create strategic bridges between science and humanities favored by the holistic sight of sensorial (visual, acoustic, olfactory, tactile, and thermal) “scapes”. Distributed in 10 chapters, the content covers many aspects of the landscape sciences ranging from the description of fundamental theories, principles and models originated by ecological approaches like source-sink models, island biogeography, hierarchical theory and scale. The ecosemiotical approaches like the eco-field model, the ecoscape paradigm, and the general theory of resources are widely described and discussed. A cultural approach to landscape is utilized to focus on the heritage values of territories and their environmental identity. This book, written in an accessible and didactic style, is particularly dedicated to undergraduate and graduate students but also scholars in ecology, agroforestry, urban planning, nature design, conservation and remediation. Land practitioners, farmers and policymakers can use this book as an authoritative guide to better understand the function and role of environmental systems according to a social-economic integrated perspective.

Download or read book The ecology of the Wye written by R.W. Edwards and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The valley of the River Wye has long been famed for its natural beauty and the salmon stocks which the river supports. As one of the largest substantially unpol luted rivers in Southern Britain, the Wye, which rises in Wales and flows into England, is now of considerable significance in the strategy for conservation of freshwater habitats in the United Kingdom and is designated as a Site of Special Scientific 1 nterest by the Nature Conservancy Council (N. C. C. ). However, des pi te this scientific importance, published studies of the aquatic ecology of the river during the earlier decades of this century were principally restricted to the excellent series of articles and books on the salmon written by J. A. Hutton during the period 1912-47 and scattered records of the plants of the river banks. During this period the Fishery Board and successive organisations responsible for fisheries, also published reports describing general water quality and salmon catch statistics. In 1970 a survey was undertaken by the N. C. C. which provided the basis for the decision to give it special protected status. The Wye has been exploited as a major water source for Birmingham, through the development of reservoirs in the Elan Valley, since 1904. Further development of the capacity of the Elan catchment occurred in 1952 with the completion of the Claerwen Reservoir.

Download or read book The Ecology of Hedgerows and Field Margins written by John W. Dover and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-02-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedges and field margins are important wildlife habitats and deliver a range of ecosystem services, and their value is increasingly recognised by ecologists. This book reviews and assesses the current state of research on hedgerows and associated field margins. With the intensification of agriculture in the second half of the last century, field sizes were increased by amalgamation and the rooting out of hedges, synthetic pesticide and inorganic fertiliser use increased, and traditional methods of hedge management were largely abandoned. The book is split into two main sections. The first deals with definitions, current and historic management, the impact of pesticides, the decline in hedge stock and condition, and new approaches to hedge evaluation using remote sensing techniques. The second section explores the pollination and biological pest control benefits provided by hedges and field margins and examines the ecology of some of the major groups that are found in hedgerows and field margins: butterflies and moths, carabid beetles, mammals, and birds. A case study on birds and invertebrates from a research farm managed as a commercial enterprise, but which attempts to farm with wildlife in mind, brings these themes together. A final chapter introduces the neglected area of hedges in the urban environment. The book will be of great interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in ecology, agriculture, wildlife conservation, natural history, landscape, environmental and land management.

Download or read book The International Yearbook of Environmental and Resource Economics 2000 2001 written by Tom Tietenberg and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2000-05-25 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an explosion in the literature and research on environmental and resource economics in recent years. This major annual publication provides a cutting-edge survey of current research by the leading experts in the field.

Download or read book Lough Neagh written by R.B. Wood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-09-30 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lough Neagh is the largest lake in the British Isles. It covers an area of 383 km2 being 30 km along its longest axis. From pre-historic times the lake and its rivers influenced the settlements of man in the role of a fishery and communication link with the interior of Ireland. Ireland's first canal, completed in 1787, linked the small but significant coal deposits of Tyrone to Dublin by way of the lough and later the Lagen Canal became an important commercial route to the new city of Belfast. Today, only sand barge transport persists but the lough supports Europe's largest eel fishery and provides commercial salmon, trout and perch catches, besides acting as an important centre for recreational pursuits. Increasingly it has become the major water resource for Northern Ireland supplying much of the demand for the heavily populated Belfast area. Biologically the lough is rich, sustaining enormous invertebrate populations of, for example, chironomids and gammarids alongside the comparatively exotic glacial relict, Mysis relicta. Its bird life makes the lough an area of very special conservation interest as a Ramsar site. The book describes the basic ecology of the lough with particular emphasis on both the interaction of the physical, chemical and biological components and the role of ecology in resource management. Extensive recent researches are set in geological, geographical and historical context and together with palaeolimnological studies of the sediments are used to trace major changes in the ecology of the lough under man's influence, especially in the past 100 years.

Download or read book General Technical Report INT written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tree Ecology and Preservation written by A. Bernatzky and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing more than 225 illustrations, this is probably the first book to cover both scientific research on trees and tree surgery. It is an authoritative work, written by a man who has had a lifetime's experience of working with trees, and as such, the book will undoubtedly appeal to a wide-ranging readership.

Download or read book Proceedings National Wilderness Research Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wildland Recreation written by William E. Hammitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WILDLAND RECREATION THE AUTHORITATIVE GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN WILDLANDS This third edition provides an updated and thorough examination of the ecological impacts of recreational use on wildlands and the best management practices to employ in places where recreation and preservation of natural conditions are important – and often conflicting – objectives. Covering the latest research, this edition provides detailed information about the environmental changes that result from recreational use. It describes spatial patterns of impact and trends over time, and then explores the factors that determine the magnitude of impact, including the amount of use, the type and behavior of use, and the environmental durability. Numerous examples, drawn from parks and recreation areas around the world, give readers an insight into why certain areas are more heavily damaged than others, and demonstrate the techniques available to mitigate damage. The book incorporates both the first-hand experience of the authors and an exhaustive review of the world’s literature on the subject. Boxes provide quick access to important material, and further resources are referenced in an extensive bibliography. Essential reading for all park and protected area management professionals, this book is also a useful textbook for upper division undergraduate and graduate students on recreation ecology and recreation management courses.