Download or read book The Determination by Ion selective Electrode of Low Concentrations of Fluoride in Complex Materials written by E. B. T. Cook and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Low Fluoride Concentrations in Natural Waters by Ion Chromatography and Ion Selective Electrode written by Jean-Louis Catheline and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrode Reviews written by J. D. R. Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews, Volume 3, provides a review of articles on ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The volume begins with an article on methods based on titration procedures for surfactant analysis, which have been developed for discrete batch operation and for continuous AutoAnalyser use. Separate chapters deal with detection limits of ion-selective electrodes; the possibility of using inorganic ion-exchange materials as ion-sensors; and the effect of solvent on potentials of cells with ion-selective electrodes. Also included is a chapter on advances in calibration procedures, the development of long range sensors, and the use of ion-buffers for extending known calibration ranges—all of which are essential to obtaining and extending the linear ranges of ISEs. The final chapter presents a listing of titles covering topics such as electrode development and new electrodes; mechanistic and theoretical aspects; solution chemistry and ISEs; standard addition methods; potentiometric titrations; automatic analysis and continuous monitoring; and applications of ISEs.
Download or read book Analytical Electrochemistry written by Joseph Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-24 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The critically acclaimed guide to the principles, techniques, and instruments of electroanalytical chemistry-now expanded and revised Joseph Wang, internationally renowned authority on electroanalytical techniques, thoroughly revises his acclaimed book to reflect the rapid growth the field has experienced in recent years. He substantially expands the theoretical discussion while providing comprehensive coverage of the latest advances through late 1999, introducing such exciting new topics as self-assembled monolayers, DNA biosensors, lab-on-a-chip, detection for capillary electrophoresis, single molecule detection, and sol-gel surface modification. Along with numerous references from the current literature and new worked-out examples, Analytical Electrochemistry, Second Edition offers clear, reader-friendly explanations of the fundamental principles of electrochemical processes as well as important insight into the potential of electroanalysis for problem solving in a wide range of fields, from clinical diagnostics to environmental science. Key topics include: The basics of electrode reactions and the structure of the interfacial region Tools for elucidating electrode reactions and high-resolution surface characterization An overview of finite-current controlled potential techniques Electrochemical instrumentation and electrode materials Principles of potentiometric measurements and ion-selective electrodes Chemical sensors, including biosensors, gas sensors, solid-state devices, and sensor arrays
Download or read book The Determination by Ion selective Electrode of Fluoride in Fluorspar and More Complex Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper summarizes an investigation into the factors affecting the precision and accuracy of a published procedure in which an ion-selective electrode is used for the determination of fluoride in fluorspar. The modifications resulting from the investigation are outlined, and the accuracy and precision of the modified method are compared with those of conventional methods for the determination of fluoride. Also given are the preliminary results obtained in the development of a method for the determination of fluoride in parts per million in complex sulphide and silicate materials with the same electrode. The method of standard additions is used, and indications are that the procedure should be suitable for the determination of as little as 80 ppm of fluoride in materials containing up to 40 per cent Al2O3. The interference of Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Fe(3+) and Si(4+) is considerably less than that of Al(3+), and, of the elements tested, only Zr(4+) has a lower tolerance level than that of Al(3+).
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrodes in Water Quality Analysis written by Robert C. Thurnau and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Inorganic Chemistry written by F. Albert Cotton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-04-13 with total page 1380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than a quarter century, Cotton and Wilkinson's Advanced Inorganic Chemistry has been the source that students and professional chemists have turned to for the background needed to understand current research literature in inorganic chemistry and aspects of organometallic chemistry. Like its predecessors, this updated Sixth Edition is organized around the periodic table of elements and provides a systematic treatment of the chemistry of all chemical elements and their compounds. It incorporates important recent developments with an emphasis on advances in the interpretation of structure, bonding, and reactivity.“/p> From the reviews of the Fifth Edition: "The first place to go when seeking general information about the chemistry of a particular element, especially when up-to-date, authoritative information is desired." —Journal of the American Chemical Society "Every student with a serious interest in inorganic chemistry should have [this book]." —Journal of Chemical Education "A mine of information . . . an invaluable guide." —Nature "The standard by which all other inorganic chemistry books are judged." —Nouveau Journal de Chimie "A masterly overview of the chemistry of the elements." —The Times of London Higher Education Supplement "A bonanza of information on important results and developments which could otherwise easily be overlooked in the general deluge of publications." —Angewandte Chemie
Download or read book Analytical Methods for Some Anions and the Development of a New Arsenite Ion Selective Electrode written by Eric En-Kuang Chao and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical methods for determining some anions that form slightly soluble lead and silver salts have been developed and their solubility products were determined by using a lead or silver ion selective electrode. The solubility of lead molybdate, lead tunstate and lead perrhenate were found to be 1.2 ± 0.3 x 10 −13, 8.37 ± 0.14 x 10 −11 and 6.91 ± 0.83 x 10−201}, respectively. The solubility product of lead molybdate was determined by EDTA titration with PAR as indicator and with the help of the extended Debye-Huckel expression. higher solubility of lead tunstate and lead perrhenate made the direct determination of their K [subscript] sp values with the lead electrode possible. The stepwise formation constants k1 and k2 of lead perrhenate were determined by using the lead electrode and found to be 1.22 ± 0.01 x 105 and 1.18 ± o.18 x 103, respectively. The lead ion selective electrode was suitable for the determination of molybdate, tungstate, perrhenate and fluoride. Molybdate was titrated potentiometrically by using the lead electrode as the indicator electrode. The formation of solid solutions of lead molybdate and lead tungstate and of lead molybdate, lead perrhenate and lead fluoride was used as the basis in the potentiometrical titration of tungstate, perrhenate and fluoride. The ratio of fluoride to lead in the solid solution depended on the ratio of molybdate to perrhenate. Therefore, a calibratroin curve for fluoride was necessary for the fluoride determination. By the infrared spectrometric method the solid solution precipitates were proven to be a physical mixture. An emperical formula of the solid solution precipitate was proposed. The solubility products (pK[subscript]sp) of silver salts of 5-chlorobenzotriazole, iodide, cyanide (AgCN), benzotriazole, bromide, thiocyanate, arsenite, ferrocyanide, cyanide Ag2 (CN),2, ferricyanide, tellurite, arsenate, selenite adn tellurate were determined as 17.27 ± 0.04, 15.60 ± 0.07, 15.14 ± 0.15, 13.15 ±0.04, 12.09 ± 0.14, 11.57 ± 0.08, 31.27 ± 0.24, 38.45 ± 0.03, 10.89 ± 0.03, 27.89 ± 0.04, 18 06 ± 0.07, 22.19 ± 0.19, 15.45 ± 0.15 and 20.60, respectively. The formation constant of silver cyanide complex, Ag (CN) −2, was found to be 20.45 ± 0.07. Many of these values were compared favorably with those reported in the literature. The solubility products of silver salts of 5-chlorobenzotriazole, benzotriazole, ferricyande, tellurite and tellurate have never been reported. The PK [subscript sp] value of 31.27 ± 0.25 reported in this study is believed to be reliable. It differs from that reported in the Russian literature (PK [subscript sp] - 16.91). A simple potentiometric titration of arsenite ion with silver has been developed. Factors such as pH and organic solvent affecting the tritation were studied. The arsenite concentration as low as 1 x 10+5M could be accurately titrated. A mixture of sulfide, arsenite adn arsenate or any combination of the above three ions could be stepwise quantitatively titrated with silver. An arsenite ion selective electrode has been developed. A mixture of 0.1 mole percent of silver arsenite in silver sulfide was pressed to form a metallic color membrane disc and sealed to a precut centrifuge tube. A broken pH glass electrode was used as an internal reference electrode. A chloride ion saturated 0.1M silver solution was used as the internal filling solution. The Duco cement was used as the sealant. The optimum compositions of a membrane were investigated. Two different methods, coprecipitation and physical mixing were employed to obtain the membrane starting materials. Their characteristics adn performance were compared. Adsorption of arsenite i0ons on the membrane surface during the measurements was observed and discussed. A procedure for the cleaning and regeneration of the membrane surface was proposed. A total ionic strength adjustment buffer was suggested for the potentiometric measurement in order to minimize the effect of varying pH and ionic strength on the electrode potential. The effect of pH on the electrode responses was studied and reported. This new electrode was also responsive to the silver ions.
Download or read book Fluoride in Drinking Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing rocks and soils and leaching from soil into groundwater. Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. Fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because it can occur at these toxic levels. In 1986, the EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter, a guideline designed to prevent the public from being exposed to harmful levels of fluoride. Fluoride in Drinking Water reviews research on various health effects from exposure to fluoride, including studies conducted in the last 10 years.
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrode Method written by A.K. Covington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intention was to produce a book which perforce would never be far from the laboratory, although CRC‘s use of Handbook in another connection precludes our use of that word in the title.
Download or read book The Determination of Small Amounts of Fluoride in Uranium Compounds by Use of an Ion selective Electrode written by B. J. Shelton and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Instrumental Methods in Electrochemistry written by D Pletcher and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-04-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using 372 references and 211 illustrations, this book underlines the fundamentals of electrochemistry essential to the understanding of laboratory experiments. It treats not only the fundamental concepts of electrode reactions, but also covers the methodology and practical application of the many versatile electrochemical techniques available. - Underlines the fundamentals of electrochemistry essential to the understanding of laboratory experiments - Treats the fundamental concepts of electrode reactions - Covers the methodology and practical application of the many versatile electrochemical techniques available
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrodes for Determination of Low and Ultra Low Concentrations of Lead II in Natural Waters written by Grzegorz Lisak and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determining Tetrafluoroborates written by Benjamin T. Duhart and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983-07 with total page 1250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unrestricted Mintek Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Working with Ion Selective Electrodes written by K. Cammann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first section introduces the electrochemical nomenclature necessary for under standing the literature on ion-selective electrodes and discusses the general principles behind all electrodes. The second section is concerned with the problems which arise in any accurate elec trode potential measurement in practice. Here the most important reference electrodes are discussed with special reference to their use in conjunction with ion-selective elec trodes. From experience, almost 75% of all problems which arise when working with ion-selective electrodes are on account of the reference electrode. After the reader is aquainted with the basic problems involved, the third section deals with individual ion-selective electrodes; their properties, handling and methods of pre paration. Here the discussion of these electrodes is not arranged according to the spe cies detected, but rather according to the kind of construction, since from this view point characteristic properties are much the same and handling procedures need only be described once for an entire series of similar electrodes. The fourth section discusses amplifiers. Here the problems of high-ohmic EMF meas urements such as noise level, insulation, static charging and ground loops are discussed. The fifth section is devoted to the various evaluation methods. Here a few schemes and examples are provided to indicate optimum practical procedures and the accura cies attainable with the various methods are discussed. The last section describes special set-ups such as clinical flow-thru cells, microelec trodes for measuring intracellular ionic activities, industrial on-line techniques and continuous environmental protection monitors.
